See aver in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "averrable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "averral"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "averred"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "averrer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "unaverred"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "averren"
},
"expansion": "Middle English averren",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "averer"
},
"expansion": "Old French averer",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la-eme",
"3": "advērō"
},
"expansion": "Early Medieval Latin advērō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "vērus",
"t": "true"
},
"expansion": "Latin vērus (“true”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "avérer"
},
"expansion": "French avérer",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English averren, from Old French averer, from Early Medieval Latin advērō, a verb derived from Latin vērus (“true”). Compare Modern French avérer.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "avers",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "averring",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "avering",
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "averred",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "averred",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "avered",
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "avered",
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "en-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "aver",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "++",
"past2": "avered",
"past2_qual": "obsolete",
"pres_ptc2": "avering",
"pres_ptc2_qual": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "aver (third-person singular simple present avers, present participle averring or (obsolete) avering, simple past and past participle averred or (obsolete) avered)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"old": "1",
"stem": "averr"
},
"name": "en-conj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "averment"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 35 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 36 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 34 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 38 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 38 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 34 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 35 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], “Causes of Heroicall Loue, Temperature, Full Diet, Idlenesse, Place, Climat, &c.”, in The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition 3, section 2, member 2, subsection 1, page 209:",
"text": "A rare thing to ſee a yong man or woman, that liues idlely, and fares well, of what condition ſoeuer, not to bee in loue. Vbicumqꝫ ſecuritas, ibi libido dominatur, luſt & ſecurity domineere together, as Sᵗ Hierome auerreth.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1660, Samuel Fisher, “[Rusticus ad Academicos in Exercitationibus Expostulatoriis, Apologeticis Quatuor. The Rustick’s Alarm to the Rabbies: Or, The Country Correcting the University and Clergy, and (Not without Good Cause) Contesting for the Truth, against the Nursing Mothers and Their Children. In Four Apologetical and Expostulatory Exercitations; …] The Third Apologetical, and Expostulatory Exercitation”, in The Testimony of Truth Exalted, […], [London?]: [s.n.], published 1679, →OCLC, chapter I, page 411:",
"text": "Now as to the Scriptures being the Word of God, and evidently known to be ſo, or evidencing themſelves to be ſo, and that of right, and properly they are to be ſo called; all which thou J. O. very abſolutely averreſt, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1662 (indicated as 1663), [Samuel Butler], “[The First Part of Hudibras]. Canto II.”, in Hudibras. The First and Second Parts. […], London: […] John Martyn and Henry Herringman, […], published 1678, →OCLC; republished in A[lfred] R[ayney] Waller, editor, Hudibras: Written in the Time of the Late Wars, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: University Press, 1905, →OCLC, page 31:",
"text": "Chiron, the four-legg'd Bard, had both / A Beard and Tail of his own growth; / And yet by Authors 'tis averr'd, / He made use onely of his Beard.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1701, Lawrence Smith, “[First Discourse on 2 Timothy 1:10]”, in The Evidence of Things Not Seen: Or, The Immortality of the Human Soul, and the Separate Condition thereof in the Other World, Asserted and Made Manifest: […], London: […] Thomas Speed, […], →OCLC, page 1:",
"text": "[T]he partial Infidel […] averreth the Sleep or Inſenſibility of the Soul both in good and bad perſons, from the time of their Deceaſe hence until their Reſurrection; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1819, Percy Bysshe Shelley, “Peter Bell the Third”, in [Mary] Shelley, editor, The Poetical Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley. […], new edition, London: Edward Moxon […], published 1840, →OCLC, part the second (The Devil), stanza 1, page 239:",
"text": "The Devil, I safely can aver, / Has neither hoof, nor tail, nor sting; / Nor is he, as some sages swear, / A spirit, neither here nor there, / In nothing—yet in everything.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1851 November 14, Herman Melville, “Cetology”, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC, page 156:",
"text": "An Irish author avers that the Earl of Leicester, on bended knees, did likewise present to her highness another horn, pertaining to a land beast of the unicorn nature.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1939 August 25, “Ding-Dong! The Witch Is Dead”, in Yip Harburg (lyrics), Harold Arlen (music), The Wizard of Oz (soundtrack), Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer:",
"text": "As Coroner, I must aver, I thoroughly examined her. / And she's not only merely dead, she's really most sincerely dead.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1997, Frederick W. Case, Jr., Roberta B. Case, “The North American Trilliums”, in Trilliums, Portland, Or.: Timber Press, →ISBN, page 109:",
"text": "Horticulturalist Richard Lighty has a form [of Trillium grandiflorum] that he avers to open almost a cerise-red.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2007 July 26, European Court of Human Rights (Fifth Section), Peev v. Bulgaria (Application no. 64209/01), Strasbourg, paragraph 19:",
"text": "In the meantime, on 5 June 2000, the applicant had brought a civil action against the Prosecutor's Office. He alleged that the termination of his contract had been unlawful and sought reinstatement and compensation for loss of salary. He averred, inter alia, that the climate in the Supreme Cassation Prosecutor's Office had deteriorated as a result of the actions of the Chief Prosecutor.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2019 April 14, Alex McLevy, “Winter is Here on Game of Thrones’ Final Season Premiere (Newbies)”, in The A.V. Club, archived from the original on 2020-12-18:",
"text": "[W]hen Yara tells him he picked the losing side, he avers that he might just as soon head back to the Iron Islands—\"But first, I'm gonna fuck the queen\" [...]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner."
],
"id": "en-aver-en-verb-XTZCfrmA",
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"assert",
"assert"
],
[
"truth",
"truth#Noun"
],
[
"affirm",
"affirm"
],
[
"confidence",
"confidence"
],
[
"declare",
"declare"
],
[
"positive",
"positive#Adjective"
],
[
"manner",
"manner"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive) To assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "87 6 7",
"sense": "assert the truth",
"word": "swear"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "tvǎrdja",
"sense": "to assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner",
"word": "твърдя"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zajavjavam",
"sense": "to assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner",
"word": "заявявам"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nastojavam",
"sense": "to assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner",
"word": "настоявам"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "tvrdit"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "prohlašovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ujišťovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner",
"word": "affirmer"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner",
"word": "asserire"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "utverždátʹ",
"sense": "to assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "утвержда́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zajavljátʹ",
"sense": "to assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "заявля́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner",
"word": "izjaviti"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner",
"word": "ustvrditi"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner",
"word": "asegurar"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner",
"word": "iddia etmek"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 2 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner",
"word": "ileri sürmek"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "en:Law",
"parents": [
"Justice",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "37 35 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 36 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 39 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 38 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 38 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 40 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To justify or prove (an allegation or plea that one has made)."
],
"id": "en-aver-en-verb-3mkk38gH",
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"justify",
"justify"
],
[
"prove",
"prove#Verb"
],
[
"allegation",
"allegation"
],
[
"plea",
"plea"
],
[
"made",
"make#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive, law) To justify or prove (an allegation or plea that one has made)."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"law"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 79 17",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dokazvam",
"sense": "to prove or justify (an allegation or plea that one has made)",
"word": "доказвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 17",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dokázyvatʹ",
"sense": "to prove or justify (an allegation or plea that one has made)",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "дока́зывать"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 17",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to prove or justify (an allegation or plea that one has made)",
"word": "potkrepiti"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 17",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to prove or justify (an allegation or plea that one has made)",
"word": "potkrijepiti"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 17",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to prove or justify (an allegation or plea that one has made)",
"word": "kanıtlamak"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 35 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 36 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 38 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 38 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1611 April (first recorded performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Cymbeline”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene v], page 396, column 2:",
"text": "[…] I return'd with ſimular proofe enough, / To make the Noble Leonatus mad, / By wounding his beleefe in her Renowne, / With tokens thus, and thus: auerring notes / Of Chamber-hanging, Pictures, this her Bracelet / (Oh cunning how I got) nay ſome markes / Of ſecret on her perſon, that he could not / But thinke her bond of Chaſtity quite crack'd, / I hauing tane the forfeyt.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1641 May, John Milton, Of Reformation Touching Church-Discipline in England: And the Cavvses that hitherto have Hindred it; republished as Will Taliaferro Hale, editor, Of Reformation Touching Church-Discipline in England (Yale Studies in English; LIV), New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1916, →OCLC, 2nd book, pages 46–47:",
"text": "Upon a time the Body summon'd all the Members to meet in the Guild for the common good (as Aesops Chronicles averre many stranger Accidents) the head by right takes the first seat, and next to it a huge and monstrous Wen little lesse than the Head it selfe, growing to it by a narrower excrescency.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1841 December, R[ichard] R[obert] Madden, “Address on Slavery in Cuba, Presented to the General Anti-slavery Convention”, in The Churchman’s Monthly Review, London: R. B. Seeley and W. Burnside; and sold by L. and G. Seeley, […], →OCLC, page 705:",
"text": "[A]lthough thou averrest this, and averrest it truly, we are nevertheless constrained to plead guilty to the possession of so much of this sensibility [a refusal to hear details] (call it \"sickly\" if thou wilt) as that they case once proved, our feeling of duty refuses to sustain us any longer against that combined and overwhelming influence of shattered nerves and a sickened heart.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To avouch, prove, or verify the existence or happening of (something), or to offer to do so."
],
"id": "en-aver-en-verb-1WI3M3Z8",
"links": [
[
"avouch",
"avouch"
],
[
"verify",
"verify"
],
[
"existence",
"existence"
],
[
"happening",
"happening#Noun"
],
[
"offer",
"offer#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To avouch, prove, or verify the existence or happening of (something), or to offer to do so."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈvɜː/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-aver.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/77/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-aver.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-aver.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/77/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-aver.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-aver.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈvɝ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)"
}
],
"word": "aver"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰeh₁bʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "aver"
},
"expansion": "Middle English aver",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "auer, auere, aueyr, auoir, auoyre, aveer, aveir, avoir, avour, hauoir, hauour, hauoyr, haveour, haver, havoir, havoire, havour, havur, havyor, havyour, havyoure, hawere, hower",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "aver"
},
"expansion": "Old French aver",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "avoir",
"t": "asset, possession"
},
"expansion": "French avoir (“asset, possession”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "habēre"
},
"expansion": "Latin habēre",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "present"
},
"expansion": "present",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "active"
},
"expansion": "active",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "infinitive"
},
"expansion": "infinitive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰeh₁bʰ-",
"4": "*gʰeh₁bʰ-, *ǵʰeh₁bʰ-",
"5": "to grab, take"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰeh₁bʰ-, *ǵʰeh₁bʰ- (“to grab, take”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "eafor",
"t": "workhorse; tenant’s obligation to transport goods"
},
"expansion": "Old English eafor (“workhorse; tenant’s obligation to transport goods”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English aver, avere (“workhorse; any beast of burden (?); things which are owned, possessions, property, wealth; state of being rich, wealth; ownership, possession”) [and other forms], and then either:\n* from Old French aver, aveir, avoir (“possession, property; (collectively) beasts of burden; domestic animals; cattle”) (modern French avoir (“asset, possession”)), from aveir, avoir (“to have”), from Latin habēre, the present active infinitive of habeō (“to have, hold; to have, own (possessions)”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeh₁bʰ-, *ǵʰeh₁bʰ- (“to grab, take”); or\n* from Old English eafor (“workhorse; tenant’s obligation to transport goods”), further etymology uncertain.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "avers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "aver (plural avers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A beast of burden; chiefly a workhorse, but also a working ox or other animal."
],
"id": "en-aver-en-noun--5-pfp4r",
"links": [
[
"beast of burden",
"beast of burden"
],
[
"workhorse",
"workhorse"
],
[
"working",
"working#Adjective"
],
[
"ox",
"ox"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(British, dialectal, archaic) A beast of burden; chiefly a workhorse, but also a working ox or other animal."
],
"tags": [
"British",
"archaic",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern England English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 40 21 14 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 44 13 13 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1820 March, [Walter Scott], chapter VIII, in The Monastery. A Romance. […], volume III, Edinburgh: […] Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […]; and for Archibald Constable and Co., and John Ballantyne, […], →OCLC, page 214:",
"text": "[…] Gilbert has but two half-starved cowardly peasants to follow him, and but an auld jaded aver to ride upon, fitter for the plough than for manly service; […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An old, useless horse; a nag."
],
"id": "en-aver-en-noun-4CHp~7Ho",
"links": [
[
"old",
"old#Adjective"
],
[
"useless",
"useless"
],
[
"horse",
"horse#Noun"
],
[
"nag",
"nag#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Northern England, Scotland, dialectal, archaic) An old, useless horse; a nag."
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland",
"archaic",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈeɪvə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"homophone": "Ava"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈeɪvɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"word": "aver"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Early Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰeh₁bʰ-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *weh₁-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 15 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)/2 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "averrable"
},
{
"word": "averral"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "averred"
},
{
"word": "averrer"
},
{
"word": "unaverred"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "averren"
},
"expansion": "Middle English averren",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "averer"
},
"expansion": "Old French averer",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la-eme",
"3": "advērō"
},
"expansion": "Early Medieval Latin advērō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "vērus",
"t": "true"
},
"expansion": "Latin vērus (“true”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "avérer"
},
"expansion": "French avérer",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English averren, from Old French averer, from Early Medieval Latin advērō, a verb derived from Latin vērus (“true”). Compare Modern French avérer.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "avers",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "averring",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "avering",
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "averred",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "averred",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "avered",
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "avered",
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "en-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "aver",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "++",
"past2": "avered",
"past2_qual": "obsolete",
"pres_ptc2": "avering",
"pres_ptc2_qual": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "aver (third-person singular simple present avers, present participle averring or (obsolete) avering, simple past and past participle averred or (obsolete) avered)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"old": "1",
"stem": "averr"
},
"name": "en-conj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "averment"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], “Causes of Heroicall Loue, Temperature, Full Diet, Idlenesse, Place, Climat, &c.”, in The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition 3, section 2, member 2, subsection 1, page 209:",
"text": "A rare thing to ſee a yong man or woman, that liues idlely, and fares well, of what condition ſoeuer, not to bee in loue. Vbicumqꝫ ſecuritas, ibi libido dominatur, luſt & ſecurity domineere together, as Sᵗ Hierome auerreth.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1660, Samuel Fisher, “[Rusticus ad Academicos in Exercitationibus Expostulatoriis, Apologeticis Quatuor. The Rustick’s Alarm to the Rabbies: Or, The Country Correcting the University and Clergy, and (Not without Good Cause) Contesting for the Truth, against the Nursing Mothers and Their Children. In Four Apologetical and Expostulatory Exercitations; …] The Third Apologetical, and Expostulatory Exercitation”, in The Testimony of Truth Exalted, […], [London?]: [s.n.], published 1679, →OCLC, chapter I, page 411:",
"text": "Now as to the Scriptures being the Word of God, and evidently known to be ſo, or evidencing themſelves to be ſo, and that of right, and properly they are to be ſo called; all which thou J. O. very abſolutely averreſt, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1662 (indicated as 1663), [Samuel Butler], “[The First Part of Hudibras]. Canto II.”, in Hudibras. The First and Second Parts. […], London: […] John Martyn and Henry Herringman, […], published 1678, →OCLC; republished in A[lfred] R[ayney] Waller, editor, Hudibras: Written in the Time of the Late Wars, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: University Press, 1905, →OCLC, page 31:",
"text": "Chiron, the four-legg'd Bard, had both / A Beard and Tail of his own growth; / And yet by Authors 'tis averr'd, / He made use onely of his Beard.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1701, Lawrence Smith, “[First Discourse on 2 Timothy 1:10]”, in The Evidence of Things Not Seen: Or, The Immortality of the Human Soul, and the Separate Condition thereof in the Other World, Asserted and Made Manifest: […], London: […] Thomas Speed, […], →OCLC, page 1:",
"text": "[T]he partial Infidel […] averreth the Sleep or Inſenſibility of the Soul both in good and bad perſons, from the time of their Deceaſe hence until their Reſurrection; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1819, Percy Bysshe Shelley, “Peter Bell the Third”, in [Mary] Shelley, editor, The Poetical Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley. […], new edition, London: Edward Moxon […], published 1840, →OCLC, part the second (The Devil), stanza 1, page 239:",
"text": "The Devil, I safely can aver, / Has neither hoof, nor tail, nor sting; / Nor is he, as some sages swear, / A spirit, neither here nor there, / In nothing—yet in everything.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1851 November 14, Herman Melville, “Cetology”, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC, page 156:",
"text": "An Irish author avers that the Earl of Leicester, on bended knees, did likewise present to her highness another horn, pertaining to a land beast of the unicorn nature.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1939 August 25, “Ding-Dong! The Witch Is Dead”, in Yip Harburg (lyrics), Harold Arlen (music), The Wizard of Oz (soundtrack), Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer:",
"text": "As Coroner, I must aver, I thoroughly examined her. / And she's not only merely dead, she's really most sincerely dead.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1997, Frederick W. Case, Jr., Roberta B. Case, “The North American Trilliums”, in Trilliums, Portland, Or.: Timber Press, →ISBN, page 109:",
"text": "Horticulturalist Richard Lighty has a form [of Trillium grandiflorum] that he avers to open almost a cerise-red.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2007 July 26, European Court of Human Rights (Fifth Section), Peev v. Bulgaria (Application no. 64209/01), Strasbourg, paragraph 19:",
"text": "In the meantime, on 5 June 2000, the applicant had brought a civil action against the Prosecutor's Office. He alleged that the termination of his contract had been unlawful and sought reinstatement and compensation for loss of salary. He averred, inter alia, that the climate in the Supreme Cassation Prosecutor's Office had deteriorated as a result of the actions of the Chief Prosecutor.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2019 April 14, Alex McLevy, “Winter is Here on Game of Thrones’ Final Season Premiere (Newbies)”, in The A.V. Club, archived from the original on 2020-12-18:",
"text": "[W]hen Yara tells him he picked the losing side, he avers that he might just as soon head back to the Iron Islands—\"But first, I'm gonna fuck the queen\" [...]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner."
],
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"assert",
"assert"
],
[
"truth",
"truth#Noun"
],
[
"affirm",
"affirm"
],
[
"confidence",
"confidence"
],
[
"declare",
"declare"
],
[
"positive",
"positive#Adjective"
],
[
"manner",
"manner"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive) To assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Law"
],
"glosses": [
"To justify or prove (an allegation or plea that one has made)."
],
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"justify",
"justify"
],
[
"prove",
"prove#Verb"
],
[
"allegation",
"allegation"
],
[
"plea",
"plea"
],
[
"made",
"make#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive, law) To justify or prove (an allegation or plea that one has made)."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1611 April (first recorded performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Cymbeline”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene v], page 396, column 2:",
"text": "[…] I return'd with ſimular proofe enough, / To make the Noble Leonatus mad, / By wounding his beleefe in her Renowne, / With tokens thus, and thus: auerring notes / Of Chamber-hanging, Pictures, this her Bracelet / (Oh cunning how I got) nay ſome markes / Of ſecret on her perſon, that he could not / But thinke her bond of Chaſtity quite crack'd, / I hauing tane the forfeyt.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1641 May, John Milton, Of Reformation Touching Church-Discipline in England: And the Cavvses that hitherto have Hindred it; republished as Will Taliaferro Hale, editor, Of Reformation Touching Church-Discipline in England (Yale Studies in English; LIV), New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1916, →OCLC, 2nd book, pages 46–47:",
"text": "Upon a time the Body summon'd all the Members to meet in the Guild for the common good (as Aesops Chronicles averre many stranger Accidents) the head by right takes the first seat, and next to it a huge and monstrous Wen little lesse than the Head it selfe, growing to it by a narrower excrescency.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1841 December, R[ichard] R[obert] Madden, “Address on Slavery in Cuba, Presented to the General Anti-slavery Convention”, in The Churchman’s Monthly Review, London: R. B. Seeley and W. Burnside; and sold by L. and G. Seeley, […], →OCLC, page 705:",
"text": "[A]lthough thou averrest this, and averrest it truly, we are nevertheless constrained to plead guilty to the possession of so much of this sensibility [a refusal to hear details] (call it \"sickly\" if thou wilt) as that they case once proved, our feeling of duty refuses to sustain us any longer against that combined and overwhelming influence of shattered nerves and a sickened heart.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To avouch, prove, or verify the existence or happening of (something), or to offer to do so."
],
"links": [
[
"avouch",
"avouch"
],
[
"verify",
"verify"
],
[
"existence",
"existence"
],
[
"happening",
"happening#Noun"
],
[
"offer",
"offer#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To avouch, prove, or verify the existence or happening of (something), or to offer to do so."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈvɜː/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-aver.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/77/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-aver.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-aver.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/77/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-aver.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-aver.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈvɝ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "assert the truth",
"word": "swear"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "tvǎrdja",
"sense": "to assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner",
"word": "твърдя"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zajavjavam",
"sense": "to assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner",
"word": "заявявам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nastojavam",
"sense": "to assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner",
"word": "настоявам"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "tvrdit"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "prohlašovat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ujišťovat"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner",
"word": "affirmer"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner",
"word": "asserire"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "utverždátʹ",
"sense": "to assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "утвержда́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zajavljátʹ",
"sense": "to assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "заявля́ть"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner",
"word": "izjaviti"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner",
"word": "ustvrditi"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner",
"word": "asegurar"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner",
"word": "iddia etmek"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to assert the truth of (something); to affirm (something) with confidence; to declare (something) in a positive manner",
"word": "ileri sürmek"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dokazvam",
"sense": "to prove or justify (an allegation or plea that one has made)",
"word": "доказвам"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dokázyvatʹ",
"sense": "to prove or justify (an allegation or plea that one has made)",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "дока́зывать"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to prove or justify (an allegation or plea that one has made)",
"word": "potkrepiti"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to prove or justify (an allegation or plea that one has made)",
"word": "potkrijepiti"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to prove or justify (an allegation or plea that one has made)",
"word": "kanıtlamak"
}
],
"word": "aver"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰeh₁bʰ-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with homophones",
"Pages with 15 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰeh₁bʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "aver"
},
"expansion": "Middle English aver",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "auer, auere, aueyr, auoir, auoyre, aveer, aveir, avoir, avour, hauoir, hauour, hauoyr, haveour, haver, havoir, havoire, havour, havur, havyor, havyour, havyoure, hawere, hower",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "aver"
},
"expansion": "Old French aver",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "avoir",
"t": "asset, possession"
},
"expansion": "French avoir (“asset, possession”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "habēre"
},
"expansion": "Latin habēre",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "present"
},
"expansion": "present",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "active"
},
"expansion": "active",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "infinitive"
},
"expansion": "infinitive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰeh₁bʰ-",
"4": "*gʰeh₁bʰ-, *ǵʰeh₁bʰ-",
"5": "to grab, take"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰeh₁bʰ-, *ǵʰeh₁bʰ- (“to grab, take”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "eafor",
"t": "workhorse; tenant’s obligation to transport goods"
},
"expansion": "Old English eafor (“workhorse; tenant’s obligation to transport goods”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English aver, avere (“workhorse; any beast of burden (?); things which are owned, possessions, property, wealth; state of being rich, wealth; ownership, possession”) [and other forms], and then either:\n* from Old French aver, aveir, avoir (“possession, property; (collectively) beasts of burden; domestic animals; cattle”) (modern French avoir (“asset, possession”)), from aveir, avoir (“to have”), from Latin habēre, the present active infinitive of habeō (“to have, hold; to have, own (possessions)”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeh₁bʰ-, *ǵʰeh₁bʰ- (“to grab, take”); or\n* from Old English eafor (“workhorse; tenant’s obligation to transport goods”), further etymology uncertain.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "avers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "aver (plural avers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A beast of burden; chiefly a workhorse, but also a working ox or other animal."
],
"links": [
[
"beast of burden",
"beast of burden"
],
[
"workhorse",
"workhorse"
],
[
"working",
"working#Adjective"
],
[
"ox",
"ox"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(British, dialectal, archaic) A beast of burden; chiefly a workhorse, but also a working ox or other animal."
],
"tags": [
"British",
"archaic",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Northern England English",
"Scottish English"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1820 March, [Walter Scott], chapter VIII, in The Monastery. A Romance. […], volume III, Edinburgh: […] Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […]; and for Archibald Constable and Co., and John Ballantyne, […], →OCLC, page 214:",
"text": "[…] Gilbert has but two half-starved cowardly peasants to follow him, and but an auld jaded aver to ride upon, fitter for the plough than for manly service; […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An old, useless horse; a nag."
],
"links": [
[
"old",
"old#Adjective"
],
[
"useless",
"useless"
],
[
"horse",
"horse#Noun"
],
[
"nag",
"nag#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Northern England, Scotland, dialectal, archaic) An old, useless horse; a nag."
],
"tags": [
"Northern-England",
"Scotland",
"archaic",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈeɪvə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"homophone": "Ava"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈeɪvɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"word": "aver"
}
Download raw JSONL data for aver meaning in English (20.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.