"ar-" meaning in English

See ar- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Prefix

Etymology: Extracted from the word aromatic. Etymology templates: {{m|en|aromatic}} aromatic Head templates: {{head|en|prefix|head=ar-|sort=}} ar-, {{en-prefix|head=ar-}} ar-
  1. (organic chemistry) Forming classification names for classes of organic compounds that contain a carbon skeleton and one or more aromatic rings. Tags: morpheme Categories (topical): Organic chemistry
    Sense id: en-ar--en-prefix-H3V60kF1 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 52 48 Topics: chemistry, natural-sciences, organic-chemistry, physical-sciences
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Prefix

Etymology: Shortened from area (because the function describes the area under a hyperbola), by analogy with arc-, the corresponding prefix for the circular trigonometric functions. Etymology templates: {{m|en|area}} area, {{m|en|arc-}} arc- Head templates: {{head|en|prefix|head=|sort=}} ar-, {{en-prefix}} ar-
  1. (mathematics, trigonometry) Used to form the names of inverse hyperbolic trigonometric functions, and the symbols for these functions. Tags: morpheme Categories (topical): Mathematics, Trigonometry, Functions, Hyperbolic functions, Trigonometric functions Synonyms: arc- [proscribed, sometimes], a-, -1
    Sense id: en-ar--en-prefix-DXR91OZe Disambiguation of Functions: 28 72 Disambiguation of Hyperbolic functions: 31 69 Disambiguation of Trigonometric functions: 22 78 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Chemical notation Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 52 48 Disambiguation of Chemical notation: 43 57 Topics: mathematics, sciences, trigonometry
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Download JSON data for ar- meaning in English (5.7kB)

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "aromatic"
      },
      "expansion": "aromatic",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Extracted from the word aromatic.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "prefix",
        "head": "ar-",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ar-",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "head": "ar-"
      },
      "expansion": "ar-",
      "name": "en-prefix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Organic chemistry",
          "orig": "en:Organic chemistry",
          "parents": [
            "Chemistry",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "52 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1900, Edgar Fahs Smith (English translator), R. Anschütz (German editor), Victor von Richter's Organic Chemistry: or, Chemistry of the Carbon Compounds, Third American Edition, Volume II, P. Blakiston's Son & Co., page 393",
          "text": "Potassium permanganate oxidizes ac-tetrahydronaphtylamine to o-hydrocinnam-carboxylic acid (p. 245); ar-tetrahydronaphthylamine, however, because of the oxidation of its amided benzene nucleus, is changed to adipic acid together with oxalic acid (B. 22, 767): […]"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1919 January 10, C. J. West, abstract of G. Schroeter and K. Thomas, “Transformation of tetrahydronaphthalene (tetralin) in the animal body”; in American Chemical Society, Chemical Abstracts, Volume 13, Number 1, page 43",
          "text": "ar-Tetrahydro-α-carbamidonaphthalene, C₁₁H₁₄ON₂, crystallized in square plates from alc., soften at 198° and melts at about 206° (quickly heated, at 212°)."
        },
        {
          "ref": "2006, Amit Arora, Aromatic Organic Chemistry, Discovery Publishing House, published 2007, page 173",
          "text": "1-Naphthylamine is reduced by sodium and isopentanol to ar-tetrahydro-1-naphthylamine; the prefix ar- is the abbreviation of aromatic and indicates that the four hydrogen atoms are not in the ring containing the amino-group: […]",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Forming classification names for classes of organic compounds that contain a carbon skeleton and one or more aromatic rings."
      ],
      "id": "en-ar--en-prefix-H3V60kF1",
      "links": [
        [
          "organic chemistry",
          "organic chemistry"
        ],
        [
          "classification",
          "classification#English"
        ],
        [
          "classes",
          "classes#English"
        ],
        [
          "organic compounds",
          "organic compounds#English"
        ],
        [
          "aromatic",
          "aromatic#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(organic chemistry) Forming classification names for classes of organic compounds that contain a carbon skeleton and one or more aromatic rings."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "chemistry",
        "natural-sciences",
        "organic-chemistry",
        "physical-sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ar-"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "area"
      },
      "expansion": "area",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "arc-"
      },
      "expansion": "arc-",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Shortened from area (because the function describes the area under a hyperbola), by analogy with arc-, the corresponding prefix for the circular trigonometric functions.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "prefix",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ar-",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ar-",
      "name": "en-prefix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Mathematics",
          "orig": "en:Mathematics",
          "parents": [
            "Formal sciences",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Trigonometry",
          "orig": "en:Trigonometry",
          "parents": [
            "Mathematics",
            "Formal sciences",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "52 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "43 57",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Chemical notation",
          "orig": "en:Chemical notation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 72",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Functions",
          "orig": "en:Functions",
          "parents": [
            "Algebra",
            "Calculus",
            "Geometry",
            "Mathematical analysis",
            "Mathematics",
            "Formal sciences",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 69",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Hyperbolic functions",
          "orig": "en:Hyperbolic functions",
          "parents": [
            "Functions",
            "Algebra",
            "Calculus",
            "Geometry",
            "Mathematical analysis",
            "Mathematics",
            "Formal sciences",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 78",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Trigonometric functions",
          "orig": "en:Trigonometric functions",
          "parents": [
            "Circle",
            "Functions",
            "Trigonometry",
            "Curves",
            "Algebra",
            "Calculus",
            "Geometry",
            "Mathematical analysis",
            "Mathematics",
            "Shapes",
            "Formal sciences",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form the names of inverse hyperbolic trigonometric functions, and the symbols for these functions."
      ],
      "id": "en-ar--en-prefix-DXR91OZe",
      "links": [
        [
          "mathematics",
          "mathematics"
        ],
        [
          "trigonometry",
          "trigonometry"
        ],
        [
          "inverse",
          "inverse#English"
        ],
        [
          "hyperbolic",
          "hyperbolic#English"
        ],
        [
          "trigonometric",
          "trigonometric#English"
        ],
        [
          "function",
          "function#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(mathematics, trigonometry) Used to form the names of inverse hyperbolic trigonometric functions, and the symbols for these functions."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "proscribed",
            "sometimes"
          ],
          "word": "arc-"
        },
        {
          "word": "a-"
        },
        {
          "word": "-1"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "mathematics",
        "sciences",
        "trigonometry"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ar-"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English prefixes",
    "en:Chemical notation",
    "en:Functions",
    "en:Hyperbolic functions",
    "en:Trigonometric functions"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "aromatic"
      },
      "expansion": "aromatic",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Extracted from the word aromatic.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "prefix",
        "head": "ar-",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ar-",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "head": "ar-"
      },
      "expansion": "ar-",
      "name": "en-prefix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:Organic chemistry"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1900, Edgar Fahs Smith (English translator), R. Anschütz (German editor), Victor von Richter's Organic Chemistry: or, Chemistry of the Carbon Compounds, Third American Edition, Volume II, P. Blakiston's Son & Co., page 393",
          "text": "Potassium permanganate oxidizes ac-tetrahydronaphtylamine to o-hydrocinnam-carboxylic acid (p. 245); ar-tetrahydronaphthylamine, however, because of the oxidation of its amided benzene nucleus, is changed to adipic acid together with oxalic acid (B. 22, 767): […]"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1919 January 10, C. J. West, abstract of G. Schroeter and K. Thomas, “Transformation of tetrahydronaphthalene (tetralin) in the animal body”; in American Chemical Society, Chemical Abstracts, Volume 13, Number 1, page 43",
          "text": "ar-Tetrahydro-α-carbamidonaphthalene, C₁₁H₁₄ON₂, crystallized in square plates from alc., soften at 198° and melts at about 206° (quickly heated, at 212°)."
        },
        {
          "ref": "2006, Amit Arora, Aromatic Organic Chemistry, Discovery Publishing House, published 2007, page 173",
          "text": "1-Naphthylamine is reduced by sodium and isopentanol to ar-tetrahydro-1-naphthylamine; the prefix ar- is the abbreviation of aromatic and indicates that the four hydrogen atoms are not in the ring containing the amino-group: […]",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Forming classification names for classes of organic compounds that contain a carbon skeleton and one or more aromatic rings."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "organic chemistry",
          "organic chemistry"
        ],
        [
          "classification",
          "classification#English"
        ],
        [
          "classes",
          "classes#English"
        ],
        [
          "organic compounds",
          "organic compounds#English"
        ],
        [
          "aromatic",
          "aromatic#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(organic chemistry) Forming classification names for classes of organic compounds that contain a carbon skeleton and one or more aromatic rings."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "chemistry",
        "natural-sciences",
        "organic-chemistry",
        "physical-sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ar-"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English prefixes",
    "en:Chemical notation",
    "en:Functions",
    "en:Hyperbolic functions",
    "en:Trigonometric functions"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "area"
      },
      "expansion": "area",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "arc-"
      },
      "expansion": "arc-",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Shortened from area (because the function describes the area under a hyperbola), by analogy with arc-, the corresponding prefix for the circular trigonometric functions.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "prefix",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ar-",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ar-",
      "name": "en-prefix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Mathematics",
        "en:Trigonometry"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form the names of inverse hyperbolic trigonometric functions, and the symbols for these functions."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mathematics",
          "mathematics"
        ],
        [
          "trigonometry",
          "trigonometry"
        ],
        [
          "inverse",
          "inverse#English"
        ],
        [
          "hyperbolic",
          "hyperbolic#English"
        ],
        [
          "trigonometric",
          "trigonometric#English"
        ],
        [
          "function",
          "function#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(mathematics, trigonometry) Used to form the names of inverse hyperbolic trigonometric functions, and the symbols for these functions."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "proscribed",
            "sometimes"
          ],
          "word": "arc-"
        },
        {
          "word": "a-"
        },
        {
          "word": "-1"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "mathematics",
        "sciences",
        "trigonometry"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ar-"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (82c8ff9 and f4967a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.