See aposematism in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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The word aposematic was coined by British evolutionary biologist Edward Bagnall Poulton (1856–1943) in The Colours of Animals (1890).", "forms": [ { "form": "aposematisms", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "aposematism (plural aposematisms)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "hyphenation": [ "apo‧se‧mat‧i‧sm" ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "English terms prefixed with apo-", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "English terms suffixed with -ism", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys", "parents": [ "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Entries with translation boxes", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Catalan translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Czech translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Danish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Dutch translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Esperanto translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Estonian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Finnish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with French translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Galician translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Georgian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with German translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Hebrew translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Indonesian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Italian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Japanese translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Korean translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Latin translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Macedonian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Malay translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Mandarin translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Norwegian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Persian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Polish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Slovene translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Spanish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Swedish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Turkish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "Biology", "orig": "en:Biology", "parents": [ "Sciences", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "Zoology", "orig": "en:Zoology", "parents": [ "Biology", "Sciences", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1954, Zoologica: Scientific Contributions of the New York Zoological Society, New York, N.Y.: New York Zoological Society, →OCLC, page 193, column 1:", "text": "First, the selection of \"red\" as a releaser in courtship and social chasing indicates a secondarily evolved use of aposematic coloring. It is assumed here that aposematism in this and other red-and-black heliconiids, and their correlated development of Müllerian mimicry, occurred in evolution before the development of red as a social releaser.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1990 June, Mary [K.] Wicksten, compiler, Adaptive Coloration in Invertebrates: Proceedings of a Symposium Sponsored by the American Society of Zoologists (TAMU-SG; 90-106), [Galveston, Tex.]: Texas A&M Sea Grant College Program, →OCLC, page 77, column 1:", "text": "The co-occurrence of conspicuous coloration and noxious characteristics in many coastal marine species suggests that aposematism is a common predator deterrent in the marine environment.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2008, J. M. Jeshke, C. Laforsch, R. Tollrian, “Animal Prey Defenses”, in Encyclopedia of Ecology, volumes 1 (A–C), Amsterdam: Elsevier, →ISBN, page 191, column 2:", "text": "Detected prey can avoid an attack by way of warning signals (aposematism), for example, bright coloration as a sign of toxicity. […] Aposematisms offer opportunities for 'cheating' species which are not poisonous but show the same color pattern, so-called Batesian mimicry.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2015 June, Lina María Arenas, Dominic Walter, Martin Stevens, “Signal Honesty and Predation Risk among a Closely Related Group of Aposematic Species”, in Nature, volume 5, London: Nature Research, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-09-18, article number 11021:", "text": "For example, both toxicity and coloration may be energetically costly to produce and maintain, and some theoretical models have predicted that once a predator has learned that a prey is toxic, prey should reduce the amount of energy invested in producing an honest signal. This could in turn make aposematism evolutionarily stable, as opposed to a constant arms race between toxicity, coloration and predator perception or toxic resistance", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2018, Graeme D. Ruxton, William L. Allen, Thomas N. Sherratt, Michael P. Speed, “Aposematism”, in Avoiding Attack: The Evolutionary Ecology of Crypsis, Aposematism, and Mimicry, 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →DOI, →ISBN, section 6.2.6 (Aposematism is Primarily a Phenomenon in Animals, but It may be Present in Other Groups), pages 89–90:", "text": "We focus in this text on animal defences, but aposematism may apply in other groups. Aposematism has thus been variously proposed in plants […] where, for example, conspicuous coloration on the tips of defensitve spines might serve to draw the attention of predators and deter them from attacking. It has been suggested also that aposematism exists in some fungi […]", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "An adaptation, especially a form of coloration, that warns off potential predators." ], "hyponyms": [ { "word": "warning coloration" } ], "id": "en-aposematism-en-noun-WiFfosjD", "links": [ [ "biology", "biology" ], [ "zoology", "zoology" ], [ "adaptation", "adaptation" ], [ "form", "form#Noun" ], [ "coloration", "coloration" ], [ "warn", "warn" ], [ "potential", "potential" ], [ "predator", "predator" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(biology, chiefly zoology) An adaptation, especially a form of coloration, that warns off potential predators." ], "related": [ { "word": "aposematic" }, { "word": "aposematically" } ], "topics": [ "biology", "natural-sciences", "zoology" ], "translations": [ { "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "aposematisme" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "jǐngjièzuòyòng", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "警戒作用" }, { "code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "aposematismus" }, { "code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "aposematisme" }, { "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "aposematische kleuring" }, { "code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "aposematismo" }, { "code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "aposemaatiline värvus" }, { "code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "hoiatusvärvus" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "aposematismi" }, { "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "aposématisme" }, { "code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "aposematismo" }, { "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "gamaprtxilebeli šeperiloba", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "გამაფრთხილებელი შეფერილობა" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "Aposematismus" }, { "code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "צבעי אזהרה" }, { "code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "aposematisme" }, { "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "aposematismo" }, { "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "警告色" }, { "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "gyeonggyesaek", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "경계색" }, { "code": "ky", "lang": "Kyrgyz", "roman": "aposematikalık tüs", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "апосематикалык түс" }, { "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "aposematismus" }, { "code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "aposemijata", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "апосемијата" }, { "code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "aposematisme" }, { "code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "varselfarger" }, { "code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "رنگ هشدار" }, { "code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "aposematyczne" }, { "code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "ubarwienie ostrzegawcze" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "aposematismo" }, { "code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "aposematizam" }, { "code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "aposematizem" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "aposematismo" }, { "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "aposematism" }, { "code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "aposematizm" }, { "code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "tín hiệu xua đuổi" } ], "wikipedia": [ "Edward Bagnall Poulton", "Kegan Paul" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˌæpə(ʊ)sɪˈmætɪz(ə)m/", "tags": [ "Received-Pronunciation" ] }, { "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-aposematism.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/40/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-aposematism.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-aposematism.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/40/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-aposematism.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-aposematism.wav.ogg" }, { "ipa": "/ˌæpoʊsɪˈmætɪz(ə)m/", "tags": [ "General-American" ] }, { "ipa": "/-pə-/", "tags": [ "General-American" ] }, { "ipa": "[-ɾɪ-]", "tags": [ "General-American" ] } ], "word": "aposematism" }
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The word aposematic was coined by British evolutionary biologist Edward Bagnall Poulton (1856–1943) in The Colours of Animals (1890).", "forms": [ { "form": "aposematisms", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "aposematism (plural aposematisms)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "hyphenation": [ "apo‧se‧mat‧i‧sm" ], "hyponyms": [ { "word": "warning coloration" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "related": [ { "word": "aposematic" }, { "word": "aposematically" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Ancient Greek", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰyeh₂-", "English terms prefixed with apo-", "English terms suffixed with -ism", "English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys", "English terms with quotations", "Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa", "Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "en:Biology", "en:Zoology" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1954, Zoologica: Scientific Contributions of the New York Zoological Society, New York, N.Y.: New York Zoological Society, →OCLC, page 193, column 1:", "text": "First, the selection of \"red\" as a releaser in courtship and social chasing indicates a secondarily evolved use of aposematic coloring. 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kleuring" }, { "code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "aposematismo" }, { "code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "aposemaatiline värvus" }, { "code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "hoiatusvärvus" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "aposematismi" }, { "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "aposématisme" }, { "code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "aposematismo" }, { "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "gamaprtxilebeli šeperiloba", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "გამაფრთხილებელი შეფერილობა" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "Aposematismus" }, { "code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "צבעי אזהרה" }, { "code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "aposematisme" }, { "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "aposematismo" }, { "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "警告色" }, { "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "gyeonggyesaek", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "경계색" }, { "code": "ky", "lang": "Kyrgyz", "roman": "aposematikalık tüs", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "апосематикалык түс" }, { "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "aposematismus" }, { "code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "aposemijata", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "апосемијата" }, { "code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "aposematisme" }, { "code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "varselfarger" }, { "code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "رنگ هشدار" }, { "code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "aposematyczne" }, { "code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "ubarwienie ostrzegawcze" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "aposematismo" }, { "code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "aposematizam" }, { "code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "aposematizem" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "aposematismo" }, { "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "aposematism" }, { "code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "aposematizm" }, { "code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "adaptation that warns off potential predators", "word": "tín hiệu xua đuổi" } ], "word": "aposematism" }
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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