"amygdala" meaning in English

See amygdala in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /əˈmɪɡ.də.lə/ [UK, US] Audio: en-us-amygdala.ogg [US] Forms: amygdalas [plural], amygdalae [plural]
Etymology: Etymology tree Ancient Greek ἀμυγδάλη (amugdálē)bor. ▲ Arabic لَوْز (lawz)sl. Medieval Latin amygdalalbor. English amygdala Learned borrowing from Latin amygdala (“almond, amygdala”), from Ancient Greek ἀμυγδάλη (amugdálē, “almond”), named as such due to its shape. Doublet of almond, amygdale, and mandorla. Etymology templates: {{ety|en|:lbor|la-med:amygdala<id:almond>|id=brain region|tree=1}} Etymology tree Ancient Greek ἀμυγδάλη (amugdálē)bor. ▲ Arabic لَوْز (lawz)sl. Medieval Latin amygdalalbor. English amygdala [Appendix:Glossary#learned_borrowing|Learned borrowing]] from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "almond", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "bor.", "keyword_label" : "Borrowed from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "almond", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Ancient Greek", "term" : "ἀμυγδάλη", "gloss" : "almond", "lang" : "grc" } ], "keyword" : "bor" }, { "keyword_abbrev" : "sl.", "keyword_label" : "Semantic loan from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "almond", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Arabic", "term" : "لَوْز", "gloss" : "almond, tonsil", "lang" : "ar" } ], "keyword" : "semantic loan" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Medieval Latin", "term" : "amygdala", "lang" : "la-med" } ], "keyword" : "lbor" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "amygdala", "lang" : "en" }" data-id="brain region" data-lang="en" data-title="amygdala" id="English:_brain_region">, {{lbor|en|la|amygdala|t=almond, amygdala}} Learned borrowing from Latin amygdala (“almond, amygdala”), {{der|en|grc|ἀμυγδάλη|t=almond}} Ancient Greek ἀμυγδάλη (amugdálē, “almond”), {{dbt|en|almond|amygdale|mandorla}} Doublet of almond, amygdale, and mandorla Head templates: {{en-noun|s|amygdalae}} amygdala (plural amygdalas or amygdalae)
  1. (neuroanatomy) Each one of the two regions of the brain, located as a pair in the medial temporal lobe, believed to play a key role in processing emotions, such as fear and pleasure, in both animals and humans. Holonyms (region of the brain): brain, limbic system Derived forms: amygdalar, amygdalase, amygdalic, extended amygdala, intraamygdala Related terms: amygdalian, amygdalin, amygdalo-, amygdaloid, mesoamygdala Translations (brain region): amígdala [feminine] (Catalan), 杏仁體 /杏仁体 (xìngréntǐ) (Chinese Mandarin), amygdala [feminine] (Czech), amygdala [common-gender] (Danish), mandelkerne [common-gender] (Danish), amigdalo (Esperanto), mantelitumake (Finnish), amygdale cérébrale [feminine] (French), amígdala [feminine] (Galician), ამიგდალა (amigdala) (Georgian), Amygdala [feminine] (German), amigdala (Hungarian), möndlungur [masculine] (Icelandic), 扁桃体 (hentōtai) (alt: へんとうたい) (Japanese), 扁桃核 (hentōkaku) (alt: へんとうかく) (Japanese), بادامک (bādāmak) (Persian), ciało migdałowate [neuter] (Polish), amígdala [feminine] (Portuguese), amigdală [feminine] (Romanian), мозжечко́вая минда́лина (mozžečkóvaja mindálina) [feminine] (Russian), миндалеви́дное те́ло (mindalevídnoje télo) [neuter] (Russian), amígdala [feminine] (Spanish), mandelkärna [common-gender] (Swedish), amygdala [common-gender] (Swedish), amigdala (Turkish)

Inflected forms

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          "word": "amygdalar"
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        {
          "word": "amygdalase"
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          "word": "amygdalic"
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        {
          "word": "extended amygdala"
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          "text": "There is experimental evidence showing that cortisol restrains the intensity and duration of the emergency reaction to stress, and catecholamines have been shown to enhance emotional memory in the amygdala (see subsection on \"Noradrenaline\"). Thus, individuals lacking cortisol would overstore traumatic memories .",
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          "ref": "2009 February 12, David Brooks, “The Worst-Case Scenario”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 09 Nov 2020:",
          "text": "Cognitive scientists distinguish between normal risk-assessment decisions, which activate the reward-prediction regions of the brain, and decisions made amid extreme uncertainty, which generate activity in the amygdala.",
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          "text": "In the study, led by Ryota Kanai of the University College London, people who identified themselves as liberals generally had a larger anterior cingulate cortex — a comma-shaped region near the front of the brain that is involved in decision-making. By contrast, those who identified as conservatives had larger amygdalas — almond-shaped structures that are linked with emotional learning and the processing of fear.",
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          "text": "A decreased amygdala response, in other words, may help explain the “slippery slope” of lying, said Sharot, one of the authors of “The Human Brain Adapts to Dishonesty,” just published in the journal Nature Neuroscience.",
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        "(neuroanatomy) Each one of the two regions of the brain, located as a pair in the medial temporal lobe, believed to play a key role in processing emotions, such as fear and pleasure, in both animals and humans."
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          "word": "amygdalo-"
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          "code": "ca",
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          "lang_code": "ca",
          "sense": "brain region",
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          "word": "amígdala"
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          "code": "cmn",
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          "sense": "brain region",
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          "sense": "brain region",
          "word": "mantelitumake"
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          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
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          "sense": "brain region",
          "tags": [
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          "word": "amygdale cérébrale"
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          "code": "gl",
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          "lang_code": "gl",
          "sense": "brain region",
          "tags": [
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          "word": "amígdala"
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          "code": "ka",
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          "lang_code": "ka",
          "roman": "amigdala",
          "sense": "brain region",
          "word": "ამიგდალა"
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        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "lang_code": "de",
          "sense": "brain region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
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          "word": "Amygdala"
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          "lang_code": "hu",
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          "word": "amigdala"
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          "code": "is",
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        {
          "alt": "へんとうたい",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
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          "roman": "hentōtai",
          "sense": "brain region",
          "word": "扁桃体"
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        {
          "alt": "へんとうかく",
          "code": "ja",
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          "lang_code": "ja",
          "roman": "hentōkaku",
          "sense": "brain region",
          "word": "扁桃核"
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          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "lang_code": "fa",
          "roman": "bādāmak",
          "sense": "brain region",
          "word": "بادامک"
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          "code": "pl",
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          "sense": "brain region",
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          "code": "pt",
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          "code": "ro",
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          "code": "ru",
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          "lang_code": "ru",
          "roman": "mozžečkóvaja mindálina",
          "sense": "brain region",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "мозжечко́вая минда́лина"
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        {
          "code": "ru",
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          "lang_code": "ru",
          "roman": "mindalevídnoje télo",
          "sense": "brain region",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "миндалеви́дное те́ло"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
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          "sense": "brain region",
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          "word": "amígdala"
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          "code": "sv",
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          "lang_code": "sv",
          "sense": "brain region",
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          "word": "mandelkärna"
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          "code": "sv",
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          "sense": "brain region",
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          "word": "amygdala"
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          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "lang_code": "tr",
          "sense": "brain region",
          "word": "amigdala"
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      "args": {
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        "2": "grc",
        "3": "ἀμυγδάλη",
        "t": "almond"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀμυγδάλη (amugdálē, “almond”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "almond",
        "3": "amygdale",
        "4": "mandorla"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of almond, amygdale, and mandorla",
      "name": "dbt"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nAncient Greek ἀμυγδάλη (amugdálē)bor.\n▲\nArabic لَوْز (lawz)sl.\nMedieval Latin amygdalalbor.\nEnglish amygdala\nLearned borrowing from Latin amygdala (“almond, amygdala”), from Ancient Greek ἀμυγδάλη (amugdálē, “almond”), named as such due to its shape. Doublet of almond, amygdale, and mandorla.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "amygdalas",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "amygdalae",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "s",
        "2": "amygdalae"
      },
      "expansion": "amygdala (plural amygdalas or amygdalae)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "holonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "region of the brain",
      "word": "brain"
    },
    {
      "sense": "region of the brain",
      "word": "limbic system"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "amygdalian"
    },
    {
      "word": "amygdalin"
    },
    {
      "word": "amygdalo-"
    },
    {
      "word": "amygdaloid"
    },
    {
      "word": "mesoamygdala"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English countable nouns",
        "English doublets",
        "English entries with etymology trees",
        "English entries with etymon",
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English learned borrowings from Latin",
        "English learned borrowings from Medieval Latin",
        "English lemmas",
        "English nouns",
        "English nouns with irregular plurals",
        "English terms borrowed from Latin",
        "English terms borrowed from Medieval Latin",
        "English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
        "English terms derived from Arabic",
        "English terms derived from Latin",
        "English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Entries with translation boxes",
        "Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
        "Pages with 4 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Pages with etymology trees",
        "Pages with etymon",
        "Terms with Catalan translations",
        "Terms with Czech translations",
        "Terms with Danish translations",
        "Terms with Esperanto translations",
        "Terms with Finnish translations",
        "Terms with French translations",
        "Terms with Galician translations",
        "Terms with Georgian translations",
        "Terms with German translations",
        "Terms with Hungarian translations",
        "Terms with Icelandic translations",
        "Terms with Japanese translations",
        "Terms with Mandarin translations",
        "Terms with Persian translations",
        "Terms with Polish translations",
        "Terms with Portuguese translations",
        "Terms with Romanian translations",
        "Terms with Russian translations",
        "Terms with Spanish translations",
        "Terms with Swedish translations",
        "Terms with Turkish translations",
        "en:Neuroanatomy"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              197,
              205
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2006, Marcus Lira Brandão, Frederico Guilherme Graeff, Neurobiology of Mental Disorders, page 36:",
          "text": "There is experimental evidence showing that cortisol restrains the intensity and duration of the emergency reaction to stress, and catecholamines have been shown to enhance emotional memory in the amygdala (see subsection on \"Noradrenaline\"). Thus, individuals lacking cortisol would overstore traumatic memories .",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              210,
              218
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2009 February 12, David Brooks, “The Worst-Case Scenario”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 09 Nov 2020:",
          "text": "Cognitive scientists distinguish between normal risk-assessment decisions, which activate the reward-prediction regions of the brain, and decisions made amid extreme uncertainty, which generate activity in the amygdala.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              312,
              321
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2011 April 8, Amie Ninh, “Liberal vs. Conservative: Does the Difference Lie in the Brain?”, in TIME, archived from the original on 18 Jul 2025:",
          "text": "In the study, led by Ryota Kanai of the University College London, people who identified themselves as liberals generally had a larger anterior cingulate cortex — a comma-shaped region near the front of the brain that is involved in decision-making. By contrast, those who identified as conservatives had larger amygdalas — almond-shaped structures that are linked with emotional learning and the processing of fear.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              12,
              20
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2017 March 21, Jessica Ravitz, “Lying may be your brain’s fault, honestly”, in CNN:",
          "text": "A decreased amygdala response, in other words, may help explain the “slippery slope” of lying, said Sharot, one of the authors of “The Human Brain Adapts to Dishonesty,” just published in the journal Nature Neuroscience.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Each one of the two regions of the brain, located as a pair in the medial temporal lobe, believed to play a key role in processing emotions, such as fear and pleasure, in both animals and humans."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "neuroanatomy",
          "neuroanatomy"
        ],
        [
          "brain",
          "brain"
        ],
        [
          "medial temporal lobe",
          "medial temporal lobe"
        ],
        [
          "emotion",
          "emotion"
        ],
        [
          "fear",
          "fear"
        ],
        [
          "pleasure",
          "pleasure"
        ],
        [
          "animal",
          "animal"
        ],
        [
          "human",
          "human"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(neuroanatomy) Each one of the two regions of the brain, located as a pair in the medial temporal lobe, believed to play a key role in processing emotions, such as fear and pleasure, in both animals and humans."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "anatomy",
        "medicine",
        "neuroanatomy",
        "neurology",
        "neuroscience",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/əˈmɪɡ.də.lə/",
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-amygdala.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/71/En-us-amygdala.ogg/En-us-amygdala.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/En-us-amygdala.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "sense": "brain region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "amígdala"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "xìngréntǐ",
      "sense": "brain region",
      "word": "杏仁體 /杏仁体"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "lang_code": "cs",
      "sense": "brain region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "amygdala"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "sense": "brain region",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "amygdala"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "sense": "brain region",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "mandelkerne"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense": "brain region",
      "word": "amigdalo"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "brain region",
      "word": "mantelitumake"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "sense": "brain region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "amygdale cérébrale"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "lang_code": "gl",
      "sense": "brain region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "amígdala"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "lang_code": "ka",
      "roman": "amigdala",
      "sense": "brain region",
      "word": "ამიგდალა"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "brain region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Amygdala"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "lang_code": "hu",
      "sense": "brain region",
      "word": "amigdala"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "lang_code": "is",
      "sense": "brain region",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "möndlungur"
    },
    {
      "alt": "へんとうたい",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "roman": "hentōtai",
      "sense": "brain region",
      "word": "扁桃体"
    },
    {
      "alt": "へんとうかく",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "roman": "hentōkaku",
      "sense": "brain region",
      "word": "扁桃核"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "lang_code": "fa",
      "roman": "bādāmak",
      "sense": "brain region",
      "word": "بادامک"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "brain region",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "ciało migdałowate"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "brain region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "amígdala"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "sense": "brain region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "amigdală"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "roman": "mozžečkóvaja mindálina",
      "sense": "brain region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "мозжечко́вая минда́лина"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "roman": "mindalevídnoje télo",
      "sense": "brain region",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "миндалеви́дное те́ло"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense": "brain region",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "amígdala"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "lang_code": "sv",
      "sense": "brain region",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "mandelkärna"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "lang_code": "sv",
      "sense": "brain region",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "amygdala"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "lang_code": "tr",
      "sense": "brain region",
      "word": "amigdala"
    }
  ],
  "word": "amygdala"
}

Download raw JSONL data for amygdala meaning in English (10.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.