"Tom" meaning in English

See Tom in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Proper name

IPA: /tɒm/ [Received-Pronunciation], /tɑm/ [General-American] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-Tom.wav
Rhymes: -ɒm Etymology: From Middle English Thomme. Hypocorism of Thomas. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|Thomme}} Middle English Thomme Head templates: {{en-proper noun}} Tom
  1. A diminutive of the male given name Thomas, also used as a formal male given name. Categories (topical): English diminutives of male given names, English given names, English male given names, Menstruation, Personifications, Racism Translations (male diminutive): 湯姆 (Chinese Mandarin), 汤姆 (tāngmǔ) (Chinese Mandarin), Toms [masculine, transliteration] (Latvian), Tame (Maori)
    Sense id: en-Tom-en-name-Swk3JDaz Disambiguation of Menstruation: 31 24 1 23 22 Disambiguation of Personifications: 32 36 3 3 27 Disambiguation of Racism: 45 14 8 8 25 Categories (other): Terms with Latvian translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Maori translations Disambiguation of Terms with Latvian translations: 53 47 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 57 43 Disambiguation of Terms with Maori translations: 52 48 Derived forms: peeping tom, Poor Tom, tom, Tom and Jerryish, tomboy, tomcat, Tom, Dick or Harry, tomfoolery, Tom Green County, tomjohn, Tommy, tomnoddy, Tom of Bedlam, Tom of Bedlam's man, Toms River, Tom Tiddler's ground, Tom Tug, Uncle Tom Disambiguation of 'male diminutive': 95 5
  2. A nickname for a common man. Categories (topical): Personifications
    Sense id: en-Tom-en-name-j4~8Vc7I Disambiguation of Personifications: 32 36 3 3 27 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 8 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Latvian translations, Terms with Maori translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 24 41 2 5 29 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 19 81 Disambiguation of Pages with 8 entries: 23 41 2 2 32 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 19 47 1 1 32 Disambiguation of Terms with Latvian translations: 53 47 Disambiguation of Terms with Maori translations: 52 48
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Proper name

IPA: /tɒm/ [Received-Pronunciation], /tɑm/ [General-American] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-Tom.wav
Rhymes: -ɒm Etymology: Possibly onomatopoeia, conflated with the given name, given the practice of giving objects such as Big Ben human names. Alternatively, it may derive from an inscription on the old bell used as metal to make the Great Tom of Oxford in 1680: In Thomæ laude resono bim bom sine fraude. Head templates: {{en-proper noun}} Tom
  1. A large, deep-toned bell, or a particularly notable example of one. Related terms: tom-tom
    Sense id: en-Tom-en-name-M0-XX1xN
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Noun

IPA: /tɒm/ [Received-Pronunciation], /tɑm/ [General-American] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-Tom.wav Forms: Toms [plural]
Rhymes: -ɒm Etymology: Variant of TOM. Head templates: {{en-noun}} Tom (plural Toms)
  1. (euphemistic, personification) Synonym of menstruation. Tags: euphemistic Synonyms: menstruation [synonym, synonym-of]
    Sense id: en-Tom-en-noun-sk0We0WA Categories (other): English euphemisms
  2. (uncommon) Ellipsis of Uncle Tom. Tags: abbreviation, alt-of, ellipsis, uncommon Alternative form of: Uncle Tom Categories (topical): Personifications Derived forms: curse of Tom
    Sense id: en-Tom-en-noun-ZpwxYkJb Disambiguation of Personifications: 32 36 3 3 27
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tkl",
            "2": "Toma",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Tokelauan: Toma",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Tokelauan: Toma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "Thomme"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English Thomme",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English Thomme. Hypocorism of Thomas.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "Tom",
      "name": "en-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "name": "English diminutives of male given names",
          "parents": [
            "Diminutives of male given names",
            "Male given names",
            "Given names",
            "Diminutive nouns",
            "Names",
            "Nouns",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Lemmas",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "name": "English given names",
          "parents": [
            "Given names",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "name": "English male given names",
          "parents": [
            "Male given names",
            "Given names",
            "Names",
            "All topics",
            "Proper nouns",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "57 43",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "52 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Maori translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 24 1 23 22",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Menstruation",
          "orig": "en:Menstruation",
          "parents": [
            "Body",
            "Gynaecology",
            "All topics",
            "Female",
            "Medicine",
            "Fundamental",
            "Gender",
            "Biology",
            "Healthcare",
            "Psychology",
            "Sociology",
            "Sciences",
            "Health",
            "Social sciences",
            "Society"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "32 36 3 3 27",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Personifications",
          "orig": "en:Personifications",
          "parents": [
            "Narratology",
            "Drama",
            "Literature",
            "Theater",
            "Culture",
            "Entertainment",
            "Writing",
            "Art",
            "Society",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Language",
            "All topics",
            "Human",
            "Communication",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "45 14 8 8 25",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Racism",
          "orig": "en:Racism",
          "parents": [
            "Forms of discrimination",
            "Discrimination",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "word": "peeping tom"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "word": "Poor Tom"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "word": "tom"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "word": "Tom and Jerryish"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "word": "tomboy"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "word": "tomcat"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "word": "Tom, Dick or Harry"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "word": "tomfoolery"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "word": "Tom Green County"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "word": "tomjohn"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "word": "Tommy"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "word": "tomnoddy"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "word": "Tom of Bedlam"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "word": "Tom of Bedlam's man"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "word": "Toms River"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "word": "Tom Tiddler's ground"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "word": "Tom Tug"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 27",
          "word": "Uncle Tom"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iv]:",
          "text": "Poor Tom's a-cold.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1876, Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens], chapter VI, in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Hartford, Conn.: The American Publishing Company, →OCLC, page 70:",
          "text": "\"Good,—that's a whack. What's your name?\"\n\"Becky Thatcher. What's yours? Oh, I know. It's Thomas Sawyer.\"\n\"That's the name they lick me by. I'm Tom when I'm good. You call me Tom, will you?\"",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1934, P. G. Wodehouse, Right Ho, Jeeves:",
          "text": "What I'm worrying about is what Tom says when he starts talking.\"\n\"Uncle Tom?\"\n\"I wish there was something else you could call him except 'Uncle Tom',\" said Aunt Dahlia a little testily. \"Every time you do it, I expect to see him turn black and start playing the banjo.\"",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2008, David Park, The Truth Commissioner, →ISBN, page 366:",
          "text": "\"We're not sure - we were expecting a girl for some reason. But we're thinking of something simple like Tom.\"\n\"Thomas?\"\n\"No, just Tom.\"",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A diminutive of the male given name Thomas, also used as a formal male given name."
      ],
      "id": "en-Tom-en-name-Swk3JDaz",
      "links": [
        [
          "diminutive",
          "diminutive"
        ],
        [
          "given name",
          "given name"
        ],
        [
          "Thomas",
          "Thomas#English"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "95 5",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "male diminutive",
          "word": "湯姆"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 5",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "tāngmǔ",
          "sense": "male diminutive",
          "word": "汤姆"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 5",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "male diminutive",
          "tags": [
            "masculine",
            "transliteration"
          ],
          "word": "Toms"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "95 5",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "male diminutive",
          "word": "Tame"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "24 41 2 5 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 81",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 41 2 2 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 8 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 47 1 1 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "52 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Maori translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "32 36 3 3 27",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Personifications",
          "orig": "en:Personifications",
          "parents": [
            "Narratology",
            "Drama",
            "Literature",
            "Theater",
            "Culture",
            "Entertainment",
            "Writing",
            "Art",
            "Society",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Language",
            "All topics",
            "Human",
            "Communication",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A nickname for a common man."
      ],
      "id": "en-Tom-en-name-j4~8Vc7I"
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/tɒm/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-Tom.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Tom.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Tom.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Tom.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Tom.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɑm/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɒm"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Tom"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_text": "Variant of TOM.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Toms",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "Tom (plural Toms)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English euphemisms",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Sorry, maybe next week. Uncle Tom is visiting.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Maybe later. Tom is in town.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of menstruation."
      ],
      "id": "en-Tom-en-noun-sk0We0WA",
      "links": [
        [
          "menstruation",
          "menstruation#English"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "personification",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(euphemistic, personification) Synonym of menstruation."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "menstruation"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "Uncle Tom"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "32 36 3 3 27",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Personifications",
          "orig": "en:Personifications",
          "parents": [
            "Narratology",
            "Drama",
            "Literature",
            "Theater",
            "Culture",
            "Entertainment",
            "Writing",
            "Art",
            "Society",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Language",
            "All topics",
            "Human",
            "Communication",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "_dis1": "1 99",
          "word": "curse of Tom"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Ellipsis of Uncle Tom."
      ],
      "id": "en-Tom-en-noun-ZpwxYkJb",
      "links": [
        [
          "Uncle Tom",
          "Uncle Tom#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncommon) Ellipsis of Uncle Tom."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of",
        "ellipsis",
        "uncommon"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/tɒm/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-Tom.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Tom.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Tom.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Tom.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Tom.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɑm/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɒm"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Tom"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_text": "Possibly onomatopoeia, conflated with the given name, given the practice of giving objects such as Big Ben human names. Alternatively, it may derive from an inscription on the old bell used as metal to make the Great Tom of Oxford in 1680: In Thomæ laude resono bim bom sine fraude.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "Tom",
      "name": "en-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1857, William Chambers, Robert Chambers, “Something about bells”, in Chambers's Journal, volume 28, number 207, page 398:",
          "text": "They had a thick rim, and when struck with pieces of wood, gave out a tone deeper than that of some of the Great Toms renowned in belldom.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1857, “An earthquake in Honduras”, in Harper's Magazine:",
          "text": "After these came innumerable little boys bearing little bells, which made little noises in comparison to the \"Big Tom\" that preceded them.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1825, Moncrieff, \"A Parish-Clerk was Johnny Bell\", The Universal Songster (in a song about a man who hangs himself in the bell tower)",
          "text": "And there little Johnny Bell hung dangling along with the great Tom bell, and all the rest of the bells."
        },
        {
          "ref": "1848, “The book auction of New York”, in The Literary World:",
          "text": "The city [New York] does not know a better auctioneer; the celebrated Tom Bell not ringing clearer.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A large, deep-toned bell, or a particularly notable example of one."
      ],
      "id": "en-Tom-en-name-M0-XX1xN",
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "tom-tom"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/tɒm/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-Tom.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Tom.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Tom.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Tom.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Tom.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɑm/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɒm"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Tom"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English proper nouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 8 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/ɒm",
    "Rhymes:English/ɒm/1 syllable",
    "Terms with Latvian translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Maori translations",
    "en:Menstruation",
    "en:Personifications",
    "en:Racism"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "peeping tom"
    },
    {
      "word": "Poor Tom"
    },
    {
      "word": "tom"
    },
    {
      "word": "Tom and Jerryish"
    },
    {
      "word": "tomboy"
    },
    {
      "word": "tomcat"
    },
    {
      "word": "Tom, Dick or Harry"
    },
    {
      "word": "tomfoolery"
    },
    {
      "word": "Tom Green County"
    },
    {
      "word": "tomjohn"
    },
    {
      "word": "Tommy"
    },
    {
      "word": "tomnoddy"
    },
    {
      "word": "Tom of Bedlam"
    },
    {
      "word": "Tom of Bedlam's man"
    },
    {
      "word": "Toms River"
    },
    {
      "word": "Tom Tiddler's ground"
    },
    {
      "word": "Tom Tug"
    },
    {
      "word": "Uncle Tom"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tkl",
            "2": "Toma",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Tokelauan: Toma",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Tokelauan: Toma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "Thomme"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English Thomme",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English Thomme. Hypocorism of Thomas.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "Tom",
      "name": "en-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English diminutives of male given names",
        "English given names",
        "English male given names",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iv]:",
          "text": "Poor Tom's a-cold.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1876, Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens], chapter VI, in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Hartford, Conn.: The American Publishing Company, →OCLC, page 70:",
          "text": "\"Good,—that's a whack. What's your name?\"\n\"Becky Thatcher. What's yours? Oh, I know. It's Thomas Sawyer.\"\n\"That's the name they lick me by. I'm Tom when I'm good. You call me Tom, will you?\"",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1934, P. G. Wodehouse, Right Ho, Jeeves:",
          "text": "What I'm worrying about is what Tom says when he starts talking.\"\n\"Uncle Tom?\"\n\"I wish there was something else you could call him except 'Uncle Tom',\" said Aunt Dahlia a little testily. \"Every time you do it, I expect to see him turn black and start playing the banjo.\"",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2008, David Park, The Truth Commissioner, →ISBN, page 366:",
          "text": "\"We're not sure - we were expecting a girl for some reason. But we're thinking of something simple like Tom.\"\n\"Thomas?\"\n\"No, just Tom.\"",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A diminutive of the male given name Thomas, also used as a formal male given name."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "diminutive",
          "diminutive"
        ],
        [
          "given name",
          "given name"
        ],
        [
          "Thomas",
          "Thomas#English"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A nickname for a common man."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/tɒm/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-Tom.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Tom.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Tom.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Tom.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Tom.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɑm/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɒm"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "male diminutive",
      "word": "湯姆"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "tāngmǔ",
      "sense": "male diminutive",
      "word": "汤姆"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "male diminutive",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "transliteration"
      ],
      "word": "Toms"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "male diminutive",
      "word": "Tame"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Tom"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English proper nouns",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Pages with 8 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/ɒm",
    "Rhymes:English/ɒm/1 syllable",
    "en:Menstruation",
    "en:Personifications",
    "en:Racism"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "curse of Tom"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_text": "Variant of TOM.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Toms",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "Tom (plural Toms)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English euphemisms",
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Sorry, maybe next week. Uncle Tom is visiting.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Maybe later. Tom is in town.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of menstruation."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "menstruation",
          "menstruation#English"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "personification",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(euphemistic, personification) Synonym of menstruation."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "menstruation"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "euphemistic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "Uncle Tom"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "English ellipses",
        "English terms with uncommon senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Ellipsis of Uncle Tom."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Uncle Tom",
          "Uncle Tom#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncommon) Ellipsis of Uncle Tom."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of",
        "ellipsis",
        "uncommon"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/tɒm/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-Tom.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Tom.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Tom.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Tom.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Tom.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɑm/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɒm"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Tom"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English proper nouns",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Pages with 8 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/ɒm",
    "Rhymes:English/ɒm/1 syllable",
    "en:Menstruation",
    "en:Personifications",
    "en:Racism"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_text": "Possibly onomatopoeia, conflated with the given name, given the practice of giving objects such as Big Ben human names. Alternatively, it may derive from an inscription on the old bell used as metal to make the Great Tom of Oxford in 1680: In Thomæ laude resono bim bom sine fraude.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "Tom",
      "name": "en-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "name",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "tom-tom"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1857, William Chambers, Robert Chambers, “Something about bells”, in Chambers's Journal, volume 28, number 207, page 398:",
          "text": "They had a thick rim, and when struck with pieces of wood, gave out a tone deeper than that of some of the Great Toms renowned in belldom.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1857, “An earthquake in Honduras”, in Harper's Magazine:",
          "text": "After these came innumerable little boys bearing little bells, which made little noises in comparison to the \"Big Tom\" that preceded them.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1825, Moncrieff, \"A Parish-Clerk was Johnny Bell\", The Universal Songster (in a song about a man who hangs himself in the bell tower)",
          "text": "And there little Johnny Bell hung dangling along with the great Tom bell, and all the rest of the bells."
        },
        {
          "ref": "1848, “The book auction of New York”, in The Literary World:",
          "text": "The city [New York] does not know a better auctioneer; the celebrated Tom Bell not ringing clearer.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A large, deep-toned bell, or a particularly notable example of one."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/tɒm/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-Tom.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Tom.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Tom.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/04/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Tom.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Tom.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tɑm/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɒm"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Tom"
}

Download raw JSONL data for Tom meaning in English (8.5kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.