See Gael in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*dwóh₁",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dwóh₁#Proto-Indo-European:_two"
],
[
"*dwi-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dwi-#Proto-Indo-European:_two"
],
[
"*dʰeh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeh₁-#Proto-Indo-European:_do"
],
[
"*h₁weydʰh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁weydʰh₁-"
],
[
"*weidus",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/weidus"
],
[
"*weidelos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/weidelos"
],
[
"*guɨðel",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Brythonic/guɨðel"
],
[
"*Guɨðel",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Brythonic/Guɨðel"
],
[
"Goídel",
"Goídel#Old_Irish"
],
[
"Gael",
"Gael#Irish"
],
[
"Gael",
"Gael#Irish"
],
[
"Gaol",
"Gaol#Irish"
],
[
"Gaoidheal",
"Gaoidheal#Scottish_Gaelic"
],
[
"Gàidheal",
"Gàidheal#Scottish_Gaelic"
],
[
"Gaídel",
"Gaídel#Middle_Irish"
],
[
"Goídel",
"Goídel#Old_Irish"
],
[
"Guoidel",
"Guoidel#Old_Welsh"
],
[
"*Guɨðel",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Brythonic/Guɨðel"
],
[
"*weidelos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/weidelos"
],
[
"*weidus",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/weidus"
],
[
"*h₁weydʰh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁weydʰh₁-"
],
[
"wāþ",
"waþ#Old_English"
],
[
"Goidel",
"Goidel#English"
],
[
"Gaul",
"Gaul#English"
],
[
"Gallia",
"Gallia#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁weydʰh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "ga:Gael",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dwóh₁\nProto-Indo-European *dwi-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁-\nProto-Celtic *weidus\nProto-Celtic *weidelos\nProto-Brythonic *guɨðel\nProto-Brythonic *Guɨðelbor.\nOld Irish Goídel\nIrish Gaelbor.\nEnglish Gael\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"two\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"two\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dwóh₁\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dwi-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"do\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁weydʰh₁-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Celtic\", \"term\" : \"*weidus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cel-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Celtic\", \"term\" : \"*weidelos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"cel-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Brythonic\", \"term\" : \"*guɨðel\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"cel-bry-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Brythonic\", \"term\" : \"*Guɨðel\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cel-bry-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Irish\", \"term\" : \"Goídel\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sga\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Irish\", \"term\" : \"Gael\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ga\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"Gael\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"Gael\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ga",
"3": "Gael"
},
"expansion": "Irish Gael",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mga",
"3": "Gaídel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish Gaídel",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sga",
"3": "Goídel",
"4": "",
"5": "Irishman"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish Goídel (“Irishman”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "owl",
"3": "Guoidel",
"4": "",
"5": "wild man, warrior"
},
"expansion": "Old Welsh Guoidel (“wild man, warrior”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*Guɨðel",
"4": "",
"5": "savage, woodsman"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *Guɨðel (“savage, woodsman”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*weidelos",
"4": "",
"5": "savage, woodsman"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *weidelos (“savage, woodsman”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁weydʰh₁-",
"4": "",
"5": "wood, wilderness"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁- (“wood, wilderness”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wāþ",
"3": "",
"4": "hunt"
},
"expansion": "Old English wāþ (“hunt”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Matasović, Ranko (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2009), <cite>Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic</cite> (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, <small>→ISBN</small>, page 408</span></span>"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Goidel"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Goidel",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "False cognate"
},
"expansion": "False cognate",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Gaul,Gallia",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "English Gaul, Gallia",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Gaul,Gallia"
},
"expansion": "False cognate of English Gaul, Gallia",
"name": "false cognate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dwóh₁\nProto-Indo-European *dwi-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁-\nProto-Celtic *weidus\nProto-Celtic *weidelos\nProto-Brythonic *guɨðel\nProto-Brythonic *Guɨðelbor.\nOld Irish Goídel\nIrish Gaelbor.\nEnglish Gael\nBorrowed from Irish Gael, alt. Gaol, from earlier Gaoidheal, cognate with Scottish Gaelic Gàidheal and Manx Gael, from Middle Irish Gaídel, from Old Irish Goídel (“Irishman”), a loanword from Old Welsh Guoidel (“wild man, warrior”) (also recorded as a personal name in the Book of Llandaff), from Proto-Brythonic *Guɨðel (“savage, woodsman”), from Proto-Celtic *weidelos (“savage, woodsman”), related to *weidus (“wild”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁- (“wood, wilderness”) (cf. Old English wāþ (“hunt”)). Doublet of Goidel. False cognate of English Gaul, Gallia.\nMedieval Irish traditions, including the Lebor Gabála Érenn, trace the origin of the Goídels to an eponymous ancestor, Goídel Glas, but this is no longer held to be the ultimate etymology of the word.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Gaels",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Gael (plural Gaels)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"Gael"
]
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 75",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 45 19 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 46 18 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 40 30 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 70",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 44 30 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 71",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Breton translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cornish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 71",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 85",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Manx translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Old Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 86",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 71",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tajik translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
19
]
],
"ref": "1911, G.K. Chesterton, The Ballad of the White Horse, Book II: The Gathering Of The Chiefs:",
"text": "For the great Gaels of Ireland\nAre the men that God made mad,\nFor all their wars are merry,\nAnd all their songs are sad.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
56,
60
]
],
"ref": "1974 January 1, “Our Lads In Crumlin Jail” (track 2, 01:38 from the start), in Kathlenn Largey (music), The Winds Are Singing Freedom, performed by Barleycorn:",
"text": "For England knows and England fears the famous Northern Gael and that's another reason why we'll free our lads in Crumlin Jail.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
56,
60
]
],
"ref": "1974, “The Man From The Daily Mail” (track 7, 17:50 from the start), in The Lid Of Me Granny's Bin, performed by Blackthorn:",
"text": "Every cock in the farmyard stock crows a triumph to the Gael and it wouldn't be surprising if there'd be another rising said the man from the Daily Mail.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A member of an ethnic group in Ireland, Scotland and the Isle of Man, whose language is one that is Gaelic."
],
"id": "en-Gael-en-noun-yoH4DtR-",
"links": [
[
"Ireland",
"Ireland"
],
[
"Scotland",
"Scotland"
],
[
"Isle of Man",
"Isle of Man"
],
[
"Gaelic",
"Gaelic"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"word": "gaele"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Gouezel"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gaèlic"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "Gài'ěrrén",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"word": "蓋爾人 /盖尔人"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Godhal"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Godhales"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Gäle"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Gälin"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"word": "gael"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Gael"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"english": "otherwise superseded",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"tags": [
"Ulster",
"masculine"
],
"translation": "otherwise superseded",
"word": "Gaedheal"
},
{
"code": "sga",
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Goídel"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "Gēru-jin",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"word": "ゲール人"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Gael"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Gàidheal"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"lang_code": "tg",
"roman": "gael",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"word": "гаэл"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Gael"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "gāl"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡeɪ̯l/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡeɪ̯l/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-gale.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/08/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gale.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/08/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gale.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡæɪ̯l/",
"tags": [
"Australia",
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡel/",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡeːl/",
"note": "pane–pain merger",
"tags": [
"India"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɛjl/",
"note": "without the pane–pain merger",
"tags": [
"India"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡeː(j)l/",
"tags": [
"India"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪl"
},
{
"homophone": "gale"
},
{
"homophone": "Gail"
},
{
"homophone": "Gayle"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Book of Llandaff",
"Goídel Glas",
"Lebor Gabála Érenn"
],
"word": "Gael"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*dwóh₁",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dwóh₁#Proto-Indo-European:_two"
],
[
"*dwi-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dwi-#Proto-Indo-European:_two"
],
[
"*dʰeh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeh₁-#Proto-Indo-European:_do"
],
[
"*h₁weydʰh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁weydʰh₁-"
],
[
"*weidus",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/weidus"
],
[
"*weidelos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/weidelos"
],
[
"*guɨðel",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Brythonic/guɨðel"
],
[
"*Guɨðel",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Brythonic/Guɨðel"
],
[
"Goídel",
"Goídel#Old_Irish"
],
[
"Gael",
"Gael#Irish"
],
[
"Gael",
"Gael#Irish"
],
[
"Gaol",
"Gaol#Irish"
],
[
"Gaoidheal",
"Gaoidheal#Scottish_Gaelic"
],
[
"Gàidheal",
"Gàidheal#Scottish_Gaelic"
],
[
"Gaídel",
"Gaídel#Middle_Irish"
],
[
"Goídel",
"Goídel#Old_Irish"
],
[
"Guoidel",
"Guoidel#Old_Welsh"
],
[
"*Guɨðel",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Brythonic/Guɨðel"
],
[
"*weidelos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/weidelos"
],
[
"*weidus",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/weidus"
],
[
"*h₁weydʰh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁weydʰh₁-"
],
[
"wāþ",
"waþ#Old_English"
],
[
"Goidel",
"Goidel#English"
],
[
"Gaul",
"Gaul#English"
],
[
"Gallia",
"Gallia#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁weydʰh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "ga:Gael",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dwóh₁\nProto-Indo-European *dwi-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁-\nProto-Celtic *weidus\nProto-Celtic *weidelos\nProto-Brythonic *guɨðel\nProto-Brythonic *Guɨðelbor.\nOld Irish Goídel\nIrish Gaelbor.\nEnglish Gael\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"two\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"two\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dwóh₁\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dwi-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"do\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁weydʰh₁-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Celtic\", \"term\" : \"*weidus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cel-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Celtic\", \"term\" : \"*weidelos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"cel-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Brythonic\", \"term\" : \"*guɨðel\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"cel-bry-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Brythonic\", \"term\" : \"*Guɨðel\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cel-bry-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Irish\", \"term\" : \"Goídel\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sga\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Irish\", \"term\" : \"Gael\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ga\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"Gael\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"Gael\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ga",
"3": "Gael"
},
"expansion": "Irish Gael",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mga",
"3": "Gaídel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish Gaídel",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sga",
"3": "Goídel",
"4": "",
"5": "Irishman"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish Goídel (“Irishman”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "owl",
"3": "Guoidel",
"4": "",
"5": "wild man, warrior"
},
"expansion": "Old Welsh Guoidel (“wild man, warrior”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*Guɨðel",
"4": "",
"5": "savage, woodsman"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *Guɨðel (“savage, woodsman”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*weidelos",
"4": "",
"5": "savage, woodsman"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *weidelos (“savage, woodsman”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁weydʰh₁-",
"4": "",
"5": "wood, wilderness"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁- (“wood, wilderness”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wāþ",
"3": "",
"4": "hunt"
},
"expansion": "Old English wāþ (“hunt”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Matasović, Ranko (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2009), <cite>Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic</cite> (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, <small>→ISBN</small>, page 408</span></span>"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Goidel"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Goidel",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "False cognate"
},
"expansion": "False cognate",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Gaul,Gallia",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "English Gaul, Gallia",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Gaul,Gallia"
},
"expansion": "False cognate of English Gaul, Gallia",
"name": "false cognate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dwóh₁\nProto-Indo-European *dwi-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁-\nProto-Celtic *weidus\nProto-Celtic *weidelos\nProto-Brythonic *guɨðel\nProto-Brythonic *Guɨðelbor.\nOld Irish Goídel\nIrish Gaelbor.\nEnglish Gael\nBorrowed from Irish Gael, alt. Gaol, from earlier Gaoidheal, cognate with Scottish Gaelic Gàidheal and Manx Gael, from Middle Irish Gaídel, from Old Irish Goídel (“Irishman”), a loanword from Old Welsh Guoidel (“wild man, warrior”) (also recorded as a personal name in the Book of Llandaff), from Proto-Brythonic *Guɨðel (“savage, woodsman”), from Proto-Celtic *weidelos (“savage, woodsman”), related to *weidus (“wild”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁- (“wood, wilderness”) (cf. Old English wāþ (“hunt”)). Doublet of Goidel. False cognate of English Gaul, Gallia.\nMedieval Irish traditions, including the Lebor Gabála Érenn, trace the origin of the Goídels to an eponymous ancestor, Goídel Glas, but this is no longer held to be the ultimate etymology of the word.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Gaels",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "+"
},
"expansion": "Gael (plural Gaels)",
"name": "en-prop"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"Gael"
]
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English given names",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English male given names",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "65 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "62 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Old Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A male given name."
],
"id": "en-Gael-en-name-yDfLNrGi",
"links": [
[
"given name",
"given name"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "gāl"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡeɪ̯l/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡeɪ̯l/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-gale.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/08/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gale.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/08/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gale.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡæɪ̯l/",
"tags": [
"Australia",
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡel/",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡeːl/",
"note": "pane–pain merger",
"tags": [
"India"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɛjl/",
"note": "without the pane–pain merger",
"tags": [
"India"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡeː(j)l/",
"tags": [
"India"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪl"
},
{
"homophone": "gale"
},
{
"homophone": "Gail"
},
{
"homophone": "Gayle"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Book of Llandaff",
"Goídel Glas",
"Lebor Gabála Érenn"
],
"word": "Gael"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Irish",
"English terms derived from Irish",
"English terms derived from Middle Irish",
"English terms derived from Old Irish",
"English terms derived from Old Welsh",
"English terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁weydʰh₁-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *dwóh₁",
"English terms with homophones",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:English/eɪl",
"Rhymes:English/eɪl/1 syllable",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Cornish translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Old Irish translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Tajik translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*dwóh₁",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dwóh₁#Proto-Indo-European:_two"
],
[
"*dwi-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dwi-#Proto-Indo-European:_two"
],
[
"*dʰeh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeh₁-#Proto-Indo-European:_do"
],
[
"*h₁weydʰh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁weydʰh₁-"
],
[
"*weidus",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/weidus"
],
[
"*weidelos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/weidelos"
],
[
"*guɨðel",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Brythonic/guɨðel"
],
[
"*Guɨðel",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Brythonic/Guɨðel"
],
[
"Goídel",
"Goídel#Old_Irish"
],
[
"Gael",
"Gael#Irish"
],
[
"Gael",
"Gael#Irish"
],
[
"Gaol",
"Gaol#Irish"
],
[
"Gaoidheal",
"Gaoidheal#Scottish_Gaelic"
],
[
"Gàidheal",
"Gàidheal#Scottish_Gaelic"
],
[
"Gaídel",
"Gaídel#Middle_Irish"
],
[
"Goídel",
"Goídel#Old_Irish"
],
[
"Guoidel",
"Guoidel#Old_Welsh"
],
[
"*Guɨðel",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Brythonic/Guɨðel"
],
[
"*weidelos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/weidelos"
],
[
"*weidus",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/weidus"
],
[
"*h₁weydʰh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁weydʰh₁-"
],
[
"wāþ",
"waþ#Old_English"
],
[
"Goidel",
"Goidel#English"
],
[
"Gaul",
"Gaul#English"
],
[
"Gallia",
"Gallia#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁weydʰh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "ga:Gael",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dwóh₁\nProto-Indo-European *dwi-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁-\nProto-Celtic *weidus\nProto-Celtic *weidelos\nProto-Brythonic *guɨðel\nProto-Brythonic *Guɨðelbor.\nOld Irish Goídel\nIrish Gaelbor.\nEnglish Gael\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"two\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"two\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dwóh₁\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dwi-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"do\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁weydʰh₁-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Celtic\", \"term\" : \"*weidus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cel-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Celtic\", \"term\" : \"*weidelos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"cel-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Brythonic\", \"term\" : \"*guɨðel\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"cel-bry-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Brythonic\", \"term\" : \"*Guɨðel\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cel-bry-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Irish\", \"term\" : \"Goídel\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sga\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Irish\", \"term\" : \"Gael\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ga\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"Gael\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"Gael\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ga",
"3": "Gael"
},
"expansion": "Irish Gael",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mga",
"3": "Gaídel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish Gaídel",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sga",
"3": "Goídel",
"4": "",
"5": "Irishman"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish Goídel (“Irishman”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "owl",
"3": "Guoidel",
"4": "",
"5": "wild man, warrior"
},
"expansion": "Old Welsh Guoidel (“wild man, warrior”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*Guɨðel",
"4": "",
"5": "savage, woodsman"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *Guɨðel (“savage, woodsman”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*weidelos",
"4": "",
"5": "savage, woodsman"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *weidelos (“savage, woodsman”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁weydʰh₁-",
"4": "",
"5": "wood, wilderness"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁- (“wood, wilderness”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wāþ",
"3": "",
"4": "hunt"
},
"expansion": "Old English wāþ (“hunt”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Matasović, Ranko (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2009), <cite>Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic</cite> (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, <small>→ISBN</small>, page 408</span></span>"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Goidel"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Goidel",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "False cognate"
},
"expansion": "False cognate",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Gaul,Gallia",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "English Gaul, Gallia",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Gaul,Gallia"
},
"expansion": "False cognate of English Gaul, Gallia",
"name": "false cognate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dwóh₁\nProto-Indo-European *dwi-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁-\nProto-Celtic *weidus\nProto-Celtic *weidelos\nProto-Brythonic *guɨðel\nProto-Brythonic *Guɨðelbor.\nOld Irish Goídel\nIrish Gaelbor.\nEnglish Gael\nBorrowed from Irish Gael, alt. Gaol, from earlier Gaoidheal, cognate with Scottish Gaelic Gàidheal and Manx Gael, from Middle Irish Gaídel, from Old Irish Goídel (“Irishman”), a loanword from Old Welsh Guoidel (“wild man, warrior”) (also recorded as a personal name in the Book of Llandaff), from Proto-Brythonic *Guɨðel (“savage, woodsman”), from Proto-Celtic *weidelos (“savage, woodsman”), related to *weidus (“wild”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁- (“wood, wilderness”) (cf. Old English wāþ (“hunt”)). Doublet of Goidel. False cognate of English Gaul, Gallia.\nMedieval Irish traditions, including the Lebor Gabála Érenn, trace the origin of the Goídels to an eponymous ancestor, Goídel Glas, but this is no longer held to be the ultimate etymology of the word.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Gaels",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Gael (plural Gaels)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"Gael"
]
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
19
]
],
"ref": "1911, G.K. Chesterton, The Ballad of the White Horse, Book II: The Gathering Of The Chiefs:",
"text": "For the great Gaels of Ireland\nAre the men that God made mad,\nFor all their wars are merry,\nAnd all their songs are sad.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
56,
60
]
],
"ref": "1974 January 1, “Our Lads In Crumlin Jail” (track 2, 01:38 from the start), in Kathlenn Largey (music), The Winds Are Singing Freedom, performed by Barleycorn:",
"text": "For England knows and England fears the famous Northern Gael and that's another reason why we'll free our lads in Crumlin Jail.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
56,
60
]
],
"ref": "1974, “The Man From The Daily Mail” (track 7, 17:50 from the start), in The Lid Of Me Granny's Bin, performed by Blackthorn:",
"text": "Every cock in the farmyard stock crows a triumph to the Gael and it wouldn't be surprising if there'd be another rising said the man from the Daily Mail.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A member of an ethnic group in Ireland, Scotland and the Isle of Man, whose language is one that is Gaelic."
],
"links": [
[
"Ireland",
"Ireland"
],
[
"Scotland",
"Scotland"
],
[
"Isle of Man",
"Isle of Man"
],
[
"Gaelic",
"Gaelic"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "gāl"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡeɪ̯l/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡeɪ̯l/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-gale.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/08/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gale.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/08/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gale.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡæɪ̯l/",
"tags": [
"Australia",
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡel/",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡeːl/",
"note": "pane–pain merger",
"tags": [
"India"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɛjl/",
"note": "without the pane–pain merger",
"tags": [
"India"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡeː(j)l/",
"tags": [
"India"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪl"
},
{
"homophone": "gale"
},
{
"homophone": "Gail"
},
{
"homophone": "Gayle"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"word": "gaele"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Gouezel"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gaèlic"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "Gài'ěrrén",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"word": "蓋爾人 /盖尔人"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Godhal"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Godhales"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Gäle"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Gälin"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"word": "gael"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Gael"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"english": "otherwise superseded",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"tags": [
"Ulster",
"masculine"
],
"translation": "otherwise superseded",
"word": "Gaedheal"
},
{
"code": "sga",
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Goídel"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "Gēru-jin",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"word": "ゲール人"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Gael"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Gàidheal"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"lang_code": "tg",
"roman": "gael",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"word": "гаэл"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "ethnic group",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Gael"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Book of Llandaff",
"Goídel Glas",
"Lebor Gabála Érenn"
],
"word": "Gael"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Irish",
"English terms derived from Irish",
"English terms derived from Middle Irish",
"English terms derived from Old Irish",
"English terms derived from Old Welsh",
"English terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁weydʰh₁-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *dwóh₁",
"English terms with homophones",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:English/eɪl",
"Rhymes:English/eɪl/1 syllable",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Cornish translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Old Irish translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Tajik translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*dwóh₁",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dwóh₁#Proto-Indo-European:_two"
],
[
"*dwi-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dwi-#Proto-Indo-European:_two"
],
[
"*dʰeh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰeh₁-#Proto-Indo-European:_do"
],
[
"*h₁weydʰh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁weydʰh₁-"
],
[
"*weidus",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/weidus"
],
[
"*weidelos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/weidelos"
],
[
"*guɨðel",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Brythonic/guɨðel"
],
[
"*Guɨðel",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Brythonic/Guɨðel"
],
[
"Goídel",
"Goídel#Old_Irish"
],
[
"Gael",
"Gael#Irish"
],
[
"Gael",
"Gael#Irish"
],
[
"Gaol",
"Gaol#Irish"
],
[
"Gaoidheal",
"Gaoidheal#Scottish_Gaelic"
],
[
"Gàidheal",
"Gàidheal#Scottish_Gaelic"
],
[
"Gaídel",
"Gaídel#Middle_Irish"
],
[
"Goídel",
"Goídel#Old_Irish"
],
[
"Guoidel",
"Guoidel#Old_Welsh"
],
[
"*Guɨðel",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Brythonic/Guɨðel"
],
[
"*weidelos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/weidelos"
],
[
"*weidus",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/weidus"
],
[
"*h₁weydʰh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁weydʰh₁-"
],
[
"wāþ",
"waþ#Old_English"
],
[
"Goidel",
"Goidel#English"
],
[
"Gaul",
"Gaul#English"
],
[
"Gallia",
"Gallia#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁weydʰh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "ga:Gael",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dwóh₁\nProto-Indo-European *dwi-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁-\nProto-Celtic *weidus\nProto-Celtic *weidelos\nProto-Brythonic *guɨðel\nProto-Brythonic *Guɨðelbor.\nOld Irish Goídel\nIrish Gaelbor.\nEnglish Gael\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"two\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"two\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dwóh₁\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dwi-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"do\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeh₁-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁weydʰh₁-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Celtic\", \"term\" : \"*weidus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cel-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Celtic\", \"term\" : \"*weidelos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"cel-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Brythonic\", \"term\" : \"*guɨðel\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"cel-bry-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Brythonic\", \"term\" : \"*Guɨðel\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cel-bry-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Irish\", \"term\" : \"Goídel\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sga\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Irish\", \"term\" : \"Gael\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ga\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"Gael\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"Gael\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ga",
"3": "Gael"
},
"expansion": "Irish Gael",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mga",
"3": "Gaídel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish Gaídel",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sga",
"3": "Goídel",
"4": "",
"5": "Irishman"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish Goídel (“Irishman”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "owl",
"3": "Guoidel",
"4": "",
"5": "wild man, warrior"
},
"expansion": "Old Welsh Guoidel (“wild man, warrior”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*Guɨðel",
"4": "",
"5": "savage, woodsman"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *Guɨðel (“savage, woodsman”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*weidelos",
"4": "",
"5": "savage, woodsman"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *weidelos (“savage, woodsman”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁weydʰh₁-",
"4": "",
"5": "wood, wilderness"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁- (“wood, wilderness”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "wāþ",
"3": "",
"4": "hunt"
},
"expansion": "Old English wāþ (“hunt”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "<span class=\"cited-source\">Matasović, Ranko (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2009), <cite>Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic</cite> (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, <small>→ISBN</small>, page 408</span></span>"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Goidel"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Goidel",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "False cognate"
},
"expansion": "False cognate",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Gaul,Gallia",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "English Gaul, Gallia",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Gaul,Gallia"
},
"expansion": "False cognate of English Gaul, Gallia",
"name": "false cognate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dwóh₁\nProto-Indo-European *dwi-\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁-\nProto-Celtic *weidus\nProto-Celtic *weidelos\nProto-Brythonic *guɨðel\nProto-Brythonic *Guɨðelbor.\nOld Irish Goídel\nIrish Gaelbor.\nEnglish Gael\nBorrowed from Irish Gael, alt. Gaol, from earlier Gaoidheal, cognate with Scottish Gaelic Gàidheal and Manx Gael, from Middle Irish Gaídel, from Old Irish Goídel (“Irishman”), a loanword from Old Welsh Guoidel (“wild man, warrior”) (also recorded as a personal name in the Book of Llandaff), from Proto-Brythonic *Guɨðel (“savage, woodsman”), from Proto-Celtic *weidelos (“savage, woodsman”), related to *weidus (“wild”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁- (“wood, wilderness”) (cf. Old English wāþ (“hunt”)). Doublet of Goidel. False cognate of English Gaul, Gallia.\nMedieval Irish traditions, including the Lebor Gabála Érenn, trace the origin of the Goídels to an eponymous ancestor, Goídel Glas, but this is no longer held to be the ultimate etymology of the word.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Gaels",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "+"
},
"expansion": "Gael (plural Gaels)",
"name": "en-prop"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"Gael"
]
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English given names",
"English male given names"
],
"glosses": [
"A male given name."
],
"links": [
[
"given name",
"given name"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "gāl"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡeɪ̯l/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡeɪ̯l/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-gale.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/08/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gale.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/08/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gale.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gale.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡæɪ̯l/",
"tags": [
"Australia",
"New-Zealand"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡel/",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡeːl/",
"note": "pane–pain merger",
"tags": [
"India"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɛjl/",
"note": "without the pane–pain merger",
"tags": [
"India"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡeː(j)l/",
"tags": [
"India"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪl"
},
{
"homophone": "gale"
},
{
"homophone": "Gail"
},
{
"homophone": "Gayle"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Book of Llandaff",
"Goídel Glas",
"Lebor Gabála Érenn"
],
"word": "Gael"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Gael meaning in English (22.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.