See dwingen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "dwang"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "dwingeland"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "dwingend"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "dwingerig"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "afdwingen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bedwingen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ongedwongen"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "dwing"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: dwing",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: dwing"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dcr",
"2": "twing",
"3": "dwing"
},
"expansion": "Negerhollands: twing, dwing",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Negerhollands: twing, dwing"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "djk",
"2": "dwengi",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Aukan: dwengi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Aukan: dwengi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pap",
"2": "dwinge",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Papiamentu: dwinge",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dated"
},
"expansion": "(dated)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Papiamentu: dwinge (dated)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srn",
"2": "dwengi",
"3": "dwingi",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Sranan Tongo: dwengi, dwingi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Sranan Tongo: dwengi, dwingi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jvn",
"2": "dwéngi",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Caribbean Javanese: dwéngi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Caribbean Javanese: dwéngi"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "dwingen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch dwingen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*thwingan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *thwingan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þwingan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þwingan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þwinhaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þwinhaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch dwingen, from Old Dutch *thwingan, from Proto-West Germanic *þwingan, from Proto-Germanic *þwinhaną, *þwinganą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3a",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "dwing",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwing",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwongt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwongt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dwong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dwongen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dwinge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dwonge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dwongen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dwing",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingend",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gedwongen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dwingen",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"dwin‧gen"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dwing",
"2": "dwong",
"3": "dwongen",
"class": "3a"
},
"name": "nl-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The robbers tried to force the store clerk to open the safe.",
"text": "De overvallers probeerden de winkelbediende te dwingen de kluis te openen.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I won't force you to come, but I would appreciate it.",
"text": "Ik zal je niet dwingen om te komen, maar ik zou het op prijs stellen.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to force, coerce (someone)"
],
"id": "en-dwingen-nl-verb-pWpQwhrg",
"links": [
[
"force",
"force"
],
[
"coerce",
"coerce"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to force, coerce (someone)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "forceren"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The law can constrain companies to take environmentally friendly measures.",
"text": "De wet kan bedrijven dwingen milieuvriendelijke maatregelen te nemen.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The circumstances enforced us to make a decision.",
"text": "De omstandigheden dwongen ons om een beslissing te nemen.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The market changes cause inevitably the company to adapt.",
"text": "De veranderingen in de markt dwingen het bedrijf om zich aan te passen.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to constrain, enforce, cause inevitably"
],
"id": "en-dwingen-nl-verb-W1iM6a5w",
"links": [
[
"constrain",
"constrain"
],
[
"enforce",
"enforce"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to constrain, enforce, cause inevitably"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 10 74",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 40 2 2 3 2 2 42 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to insist forcefully"
],
"id": "en-dwingen-nl-verb-cMlNjM-u",
"links": [
[
"insist",
"insist"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to insist forcefully"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdʋɪŋə(n)/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-dwingen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a6/Nl-dwingen.ogg/Nl-dwingen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Nl-dwingen.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪŋən"
}
],
"word": "dwingen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch basic verbs",
"Dutch class 3a strong verbs",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch verbs",
"Middle Dutch class 3 strong verbs",
"Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Dutch lemmas",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle Dutch verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɪŋən",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɪŋən/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dwang"
},
{
"word": "dwingeland"
},
{
"word": "dwingend"
},
{
"word": "dwingerig"
},
{
"word": "afdwingen"
},
{
"word": "bedwingen"
},
{
"word": "ongedwongen"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "dwing"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: dwing",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: dwing"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dcr",
"2": "twing",
"3": "dwing"
},
"expansion": "Negerhollands: twing, dwing",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Negerhollands: twing, dwing"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "djk",
"2": "dwengi",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Aukan: dwengi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Aukan: dwengi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pap",
"2": "dwinge",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Papiamentu: dwinge",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dated"
},
"expansion": "(dated)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Papiamentu: dwinge (dated)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srn",
"2": "dwengi",
"3": "dwingi",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Sranan Tongo: dwengi, dwingi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Sranan Tongo: dwengi, dwingi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jvn",
"2": "dwéngi",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Caribbean Javanese: dwéngi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Caribbean Javanese: dwéngi"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "dwingen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch dwingen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*thwingan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *thwingan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þwingan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þwingan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þwinhaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þwinhaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch dwingen, from Old Dutch *thwingan, from Proto-West Germanic *þwingan, from Proto-Germanic *þwinhaną, *þwinganą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "3a",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "dwing",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwing",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwongt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwongt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dwong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dwongen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dwinge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dwonge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dwongen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "dwing",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dwingend",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gedwongen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dwingen",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"dwin‧gen"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dwing",
"2": "dwong",
"3": "dwongen",
"class": "3a"
},
"name": "nl-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch terms with usage examples",
"Dutch transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The robbers tried to force the store clerk to open the safe.",
"text": "De overvallers probeerden de winkelbediende te dwingen de kluis te openen.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I won't force you to come, but I would appreciate it.",
"text": "Ik zal je niet dwingen om te komen, maar ik zou het op prijs stellen.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to force, coerce (someone)"
],
"links": [
[
"force",
"force"
],
[
"coerce",
"coerce"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to force, coerce (someone)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "forceren"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Dutch terms with usage examples",
"Dutch transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The law can constrain companies to take environmentally friendly measures.",
"text": "De wet kan bedrijven dwingen milieuvriendelijke maatregelen te nemen.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The circumstances enforced us to make a decision.",
"text": "De omstandigheden dwongen ons om een beslissing te nemen.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The market changes cause inevitably the company to adapt.",
"text": "De veranderingen in de markt dwingen het bedrijf om zich aan te passen.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to constrain, enforce, cause inevitably"
],
"links": [
[
"constrain",
"constrain"
],
[
"enforce",
"enforce"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to constrain, enforce, cause inevitably"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Dutch transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to insist forcefully"
],
"links": [
[
"insist",
"insist"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to insist forcefully"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdʋɪŋə(n)/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-dwingen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a6/Nl-dwingen.ogg/Nl-dwingen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Nl-dwingen.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪŋən"
}
],
"word": "dwingen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dwingen meaning in Dutch (7.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.