"堪" meaning in Chinese

See 堪 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Character

IPA: /kʰän⁵⁵/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /hɐm⁵⁵/ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Sinological-IPA], /kʰam²⁴/ [Hakka, Sinological-IPA], /kʰaŋ⁵⁴/ [Jian'ou, Sinological-IPA], /kʰam⁴⁴/ [Hokkien, Xiamen], /kʰam³³/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /kʰam⁴⁴/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /kʰam⁴⁴/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /kʰam⁴⁴/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /kʰam³³/ [Sinological-IPA, Teochew], /kʰän⁵⁵/, /hɐm⁵⁵/, /kʰam²⁴/, /kʰaŋ⁵⁴/, /kʰam⁴⁴/, /kʰam³³/, /kʰam⁴⁴/, /kʰam⁴⁴/, /kʰam⁴⁴/, /kʰam³³/ Chinese transliterations: kān [Mandarin, Pinyin], kan¹ [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄎㄢ [Mandarin, bopomofo], ham¹ [Cantonese, Jyutping], khâm [Hakka, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], káng, kham [Hokkien, POJ], kam¹ [Peng'im, Teochew], kān [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], kan [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], kʻan¹ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], kān [Mandarin, Yale], kan [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], кань [Mandarin, Palladius], kanʹ [Mandarin, Palladius], ham¹ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Jyutping], hām [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Yale], ham¹ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Pinyin], hem¹ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong], khâm [Hakka, Phak-fa-su], kam^ˊ [Hakka, Hakka-Romanization-System], kam¹ [Hagfa-Pinyim, Hakka], káng [Jian'ou, Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized], kham [Hokkien, Tai-lo], qafm [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], kham [POJ, Teochew], khom [Middle-Chinese], /*[kʰ]ˤ[ə]m/ [Baxter-Sagart, Old-Chinese], /*kʰluːm/ [Old-Chinese, Zhengzhang]
Etymology: Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003) Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm) and ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums, “extreme, profound”) — originally meaning “heavy mountain/earthen protrusion”, it later came to signify the act of “enduring” that earth's weight. Sino-Tibetan; compare Burmese ခံ (hkam, “to receive; to endure”), Jingpho khàm (“to endure”) (Schuessler, 2007). Etymology templates: {{Han etyl}} Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003), {{categorize|zh|Han phono-semantic compounds}}, {{liushu|psc|adj=|nocap=|pron=OC *kʰluːm}} Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm), {{categorize|zh|Han ideogrammic compounds}}, {{liushu|ic|adj=|nocap=y|pron=}} ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意), {{Han compound|土|甚|c1=s|c2=p|ls=psc|ls2=ic|t1=earth|t2=extreme, profound}} Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm) and ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums, “extreme, profound”), {{der|zh|sit|-}} Sino-Tibetan, {{cog|my|ခံ||to receive; to endure}} Burmese ခံ (hkam, “to receive; to endure”), {{cog|kac|khàm||to endure}} Jingpho khàm (“to endure”), {{zh-ref|Schuessler, 2007}} Schuessler, 2007 Head templates: {{head|zh|hanzi}} 堪
  1. may; can; to be capable of; to be able to
    Sense id: en-堪-zh-character-lD8uMPf3 Categories (other): Chinese links with redundant alt parameters, Chinese links with redundant wikilinks, Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Chinese hanzi, Middle Chinese hanzi, Northern Min hanzi, Old Chinese hanzi, Pages with 5 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 83 14 3 Disambiguation of Chinese hanzi: 73 12 15 Disambiguation of Middle Chinese hanzi: 96 2 2 Disambiguation of Northern Min hanzi: 64 13 23 Disambiguation of Old Chinese hanzi: 96 2 2 Disambiguation of Pages with 5 entries: 37 13 5 13 0 0 20 11 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 38 13 5 13 0 0 20 11
  2. to bear; to stand; to resist; to endure
    Sense id: en-堪-zh-character-5m8uHqpI
  3. (obsolete) protrusion in the earth Tags: obsolete
    Sense id: en-堪-zh-character-qi6ipUzC
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: 七不堪, 不堪 (bùkān), 不堪一擊 (bùkānyījī), 不堪一击 (bùkānyījī), 不堪七, 不堪之物, 不堪入目 (bùkānrùmù), 不堪入耳 (bùkānrù'ěr), 不堪其擾 (bùkānqírǎo), 不堪其扰 (bùkānqírǎo), 不堪回首 (bùkānhuíshǒu), 不堪言狀, 不堪言状, 不堪設想 (bùkānshèxiǎng), 不堪设想 (bùkānshèxiǎng), 不堪負荷, 不堪负荷, 不堪造就, 不復堪命, 不复堪命, 仲堪, 任堪, 何堪, 依瑪堪, 依玛堪, 克堪, 凌亂不堪, 可堪, 國不堪貳 (guóbùkān'èr), 国不堪贰 (guóbùkān'èr), 堪㐨, 堪可, 堪坏, 堪培拉 (Kānpéilā), 堪堪, 堪士, 堪巖, 堪岩, 堪布 (kānbù), 堪忍, 堪憂 (kānyōu), 堪忧 (kānyōu), 堪比, 堪火, 堪稱 (kānchēng), 堪称 (kānchēng), 堪笑, 堪能 (kānnéng), 堪薩, 堪萨, 堪薩斯 (Kānsàsī), 堪萨斯 (Kānsàsī), 堪薩斯州, 堪萨斯州, 堪虞 (kānyú), 堪輿 (kānyú), 堪舆 (kānyú), 堪輿家, 堪舆家, 堪達罕 (kāndáhǎn), 堪达罕 (kāndáhǎn), 富堪敵國, 富堪敌国, 差堪, 弗堪, 情何以堪 (qínghéyǐkān), 擁擠不堪, 拥挤不堪, 斯堪的納維亞 (Sīkāndínàwéiyà), 斯堪的纳维亚 (Sīkāndínàwéiyà), 會堪得 (ē-kham-tit), 会堪得 (ē-kham-tit), 民不堪命, 無堪, 无堪, 狼狽不堪, 狼狈不堪, 痛不堪忍, 百無一堪, 百无一堪, 石堪子, 破敗不堪, 破败不堪, 破爛不堪 (pòlànbùkān), 破烂不堪 (pòlànbùkān), 破舊不堪, 破旧不堪, 秀色堪餐, 自堪, 苦不堪言 (kǔbùkānyán), 誰堪, 谁堪, 那堪, 鄙俗不堪, 門堪羅雀, 门堪罗雀, 門庭冷落，門堪羅雀, 门庭冷落，门堪罗雀, 難堪 (nánkān), 难堪 (nánkān)

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "七不堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "bùkān",
      "word": "不堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "bùkānyījī",
      "word": "不堪一擊"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "bùkānyījī",
      "word": "不堪一击"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "不堪七"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "不堪之物"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "bùkānrùmù",
      "word": "不堪入目"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "bùkānrù'ěr",
      "word": "不堪入耳"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "bùkānqírǎo",
      "word": "不堪其擾"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "bùkānqírǎo",
      "word": "不堪其扰"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "bùkānhuíshǒu",
      "word": "不堪回首"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "不堪言狀"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "不堪言状"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "bùkānshèxiǎng",
      "word": "不堪設想"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "bùkānshèxiǎng",
      "word": "不堪设想"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "不堪負荷"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "不堪负荷"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "不堪造就"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "不復堪命"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "不复堪命"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "仲堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "任堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "何堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "依瑪堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "依玛堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "克堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "凌亂不堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "可堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "guóbùkān'èr",
      "word": "國不堪貳"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "guóbùkān'èr",
      "word": "国不堪贰"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "堪㐨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "堪可"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "堪坏"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "Kānpéilā",
      "word": "堪培拉"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "堪堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "堪士"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "堪巖"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "堪岩"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "kānbù",
      "word": "堪布"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "堪忍"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "kānyōu",
      "word": "堪憂"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "kānyōu",
      "word": "堪忧"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "堪比"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "堪火"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "kānchēng",
      "word": "堪稱"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "kānchēng",
      "word": "堪称"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "堪笑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "kānnéng",
      "word": "堪能"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "堪薩"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "堪萨"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "Kānsàsī",
      "word": "堪薩斯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "Kānsàsī",
      "word": "堪萨斯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "堪薩斯州"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "堪萨斯州"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "kānyú",
      "word": "堪虞"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "kānyú",
      "word": "堪輿"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "kānyú",
      "word": "堪舆"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "堪輿家"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "堪舆家"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "kāndáhǎn",
      "word": "堪達罕"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "kāndáhǎn",
      "word": "堪达罕"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "富堪敵國"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "富堪敌国"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "差堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "弗堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "qínghéyǐkān",
      "word": "情何以堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "擁擠不堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "拥挤不堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "Sīkāndínàwéiyà",
      "word": "斯堪的納維亞"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "Sīkāndínàwéiyà",
      "word": "斯堪的纳维亚"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "ē-kham-tit",
      "word": "會堪得"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "ē-kham-tit",
      "word": "会堪得"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "民不堪命"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "無堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "无堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "狼狽不堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "狼狈不堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "痛不堪忍"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "百無一堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "百无一堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "石堪子"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "破敗不堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "破败不堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "pòlànbùkān",
      "word": "破爛不堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "pòlànbùkān",
      "word": "破烂不堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "破舊不堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "破旧不堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "秀色堪餐"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "自堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "kǔbùkānyán",
      "word": "苦不堪言"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "誰堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "谁堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "那堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "鄙俗不堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "門堪羅雀"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "门堪罗雀"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "門庭冷落，門堪羅雀"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "门庭冷落，门堪罗雀"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "nánkān",
      "word": "難堪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "nánkān",
      "word": "难堪"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)",
      "name": "Han etyl"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "categorize"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "psc",
        "adj": "",
        "nocap": "",
        "pron": "OC *kʰluːm"
      },
      "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm)",
      "name": "liushu"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "Han ideogrammic compounds"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "categorize"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ic",
        "adj": "",
        "nocap": "y",
        "pron": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意)",
      "name": "liushu"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "土",
        "2": "甚",
        "c1": "s",
        "c2": "p",
        "ls": "psc",
        "ls2": "ic",
        "t1": "earth",
        "t2": "extreme, profound"
      },
      "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm) and ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums, “extreme, profound”)",
      "name": "Han compound"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "sit",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Sino-Tibetan",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "my",
        "2": "ခံ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to receive; to endure"
      },
      "expansion": "Burmese ခံ (hkam, “to receive; to endure”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kac",
        "2": "khàm",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to endure"
      },
      "expansion": "Jingpho khàm (“to endure”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Schuessler, 2007"
      },
      "expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)\nPhono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm) and ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums, “extreme, profound”) — originally meaning “heavy mountain/earthen protrusion”, it later came to signify the act of “enduring” that earth's weight.\nSino-Tibetan; compare Burmese ခံ (hkam, “to receive; to endure”), Jingpho khàm (“to endure”) (Schuessler, 2007).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "hanzi"
      },
      "expansion": "堪",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "83 14 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "73 12 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese hanzi",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "96 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Chinese hanzi",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "64 13 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Northern Min hanzi",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "96 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Chinese hanzi",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 13 5 13 0 0 20 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 5 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "38 13 5 13 0 0 20 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "When flowers bloom and you’re able to do so, pick them immediately: don’t wait until there are none left to only pick twigs.",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Classical Chinese",
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "ref": " Tang dynasty, author unknown, traditionally ascribed to Du Qiuniang (杜秋娘), 金縷衣 (jīnlǚyī)",
          "roman": "Huā kāi kān zhé zhíxū zhé, mò dài wú huā kōng zhé zhī.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin"
          ],
          "text": "花開堪折直須折，莫待無花空折枝。",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "english": "When flowers bloom and you’re able to do so, pick them immediately: don’t wait until there are none left to only pick twigs.",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Classical Chinese",
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "ref": " Tang dynasty, author unknown, traditionally ascribed to Du Qiuniang (杜秋娘), 金縷衣 (jīnlǚyī)",
          "roman": "Huā kāi kān zhé zhíxū zhé, mò dài wú huā kōng zhé zhī.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin"
          ],
          "text": "花开堪折直须折，莫待无花空折枝。",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "may; can; to be capable of; to be able to"
      ],
      "id": "en-堪-zh-character-lD8uMPf3",
      "links": [
        [
          "may",
          "may"
        ],
        [
          "can",
          "can"
        ],
        [
          "capable",
          "capable"
        ],
        [
          "able",
          "able"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "cannot withstand a single blow",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "bùkānyījī",
          "text": "不堪一擊",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "cannot withstand a single blow",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "bùkānyījī",
          "text": "不堪一击",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to bear; to stand; to resist; to endure"
      ],
      "id": "en-堪-zh-character-5m8uHqpI",
      "links": [
        [
          "bear",
          "bear"
        ],
        [
          "stand",
          "stand"
        ],
        [
          "resist",
          "resist"
        ],
        [
          "endure",
          "endure"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "protrusion in the earth"
      ],
      "id": "en-堪-zh-character-qi6ipUzC",
      "links": [
        [
          "protrusion",
          "protrusion"
        ],
        [
          "earth",
          "earth"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) protrusion in the earth"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kān"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kan¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄎㄢ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ham¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khâm"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "káng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kham"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kam¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kān"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kan"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kʻan¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kān"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kan"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "кань"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kanʹ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰän⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ham¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hām"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ham¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hem¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɐm⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khâm"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kam^ˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kam¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰam²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jian'ou",
        "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "káng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰaŋ⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Jian'ou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kham"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qafm"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰam⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰam³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰam⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰam⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰam⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kham"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰam³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khom"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*[kʰ]ˤ[ə]m/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*kʰluːm/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰän⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɐm⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰam²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰaŋ⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰam⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰam³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰam⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰam⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰam⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰam³³/"
    },
    {
      "other": "[kʰ]"
    },
    {
      "other": "[ə]"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*kʰluːm/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "堪"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese hanzi",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese nouns",
    "Chinese terms derived from Sino-Tibetan languages",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 堪",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Chinese verbs",
    "Middle Chinese hanzi",
    "Middle Chinese lemmas",
    "Middle Chinese nouns",
    "Middle Chinese verbs",
    "Northern Min hanzi",
    "Northern Min lemmas",
    "Northern Min nouns",
    "Northern Min verbs",
    "Old Chinese hanzi",
    "Old Chinese lemmas",
    "Old Chinese nouns",
    "Old Chinese verbs",
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "七不堪"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bùkān",
      "word": "不堪"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bùkānyījī",
      "word": "不堪一擊"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bùkānyījī",
      "word": "不堪一击"
    },
    {
      "word": "不堪七"
    },
    {
      "word": "不堪之物"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bùkānrùmù",
      "word": "不堪入目"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bùkānrù'ěr",
      "word": "不堪入耳"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bùkānqírǎo",
      "word": "不堪其擾"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bùkānqírǎo",
      "word": "不堪其扰"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bùkānhuíshǒu",
      "word": "不堪回首"
    },
    {
      "word": "不堪言狀"
    },
    {
      "word": "不堪言状"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bùkānshèxiǎng",
      "word": "不堪設想"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bùkānshèxiǎng",
      "word": "不堪设想"
    },
    {
      "word": "不堪負荷"
    },
    {
      "word": "不堪负荷"
    },
    {
      "word": "不堪造就"
    },
    {
      "word": "不復堪命"
    },
    {
      "word": "不复堪命"
    },
    {
      "word": "仲堪"
    },
    {
      "word": "任堪"
    },
    {
      "word": "何堪"
    },
    {
      "word": "依瑪堪"
    },
    {
      "word": "依玛堪"
    },
    {
      "word": "克堪"
    },
    {
      "word": "凌亂不堪"
    },
    {
      "word": "可堪"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guóbùkān'èr",
      "word": "國不堪貳"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guóbùkān'èr",
      "word": "国不堪贰"
    },
    {
      "word": "堪㐨"
    },
    {
      "word": "堪可"
    },
    {
      "word": "堪坏"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Kānpéilā",
      "word": "堪培拉"
    },
    {
      "word": "堪堪"
    },
    {
      "word": "堪士"
    },
    {
      "word": "堪巖"
    },
    {
      "word": "堪岩"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kānbù",
      "word": "堪布"
    },
    {
      "word": "堪忍"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kānyōu",
      "word": "堪憂"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kānyōu",
      "word": "堪忧"
    },
    {
      "word": "堪比"
    },
    {
      "word": "堪火"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kānchēng",
      "word": "堪稱"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kānchēng",
      "word": "堪称"
    },
    {
      "word": "堪笑"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kānnéng",
      "word": "堪能"
    },
    {
      "word": "堪薩"
    },
    {
      "word": "堪萨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Kānsàsī",
      "word": "堪薩斯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Kānsàsī",
      "word": "堪萨斯"
    },
    {
      "word": "堪薩斯州"
    },
    {
      "word": "堪萨斯州"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kānyú",
      "word": "堪虞"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kānyú",
      "word": "堪輿"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kānyú",
      "word": "堪舆"
    },
    {
      "word": "堪輿家"
    },
    {
      "word": "堪舆家"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kāndáhǎn",
      "word": "堪達罕"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kāndáhǎn",
      "word": "堪达罕"
    },
    {
      "word": "富堪敵國"
    },
    {
      "word": "富堪敌国"
    },
    {
      "word": "差堪"
    },
    {
      "word": "弗堪"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qínghéyǐkān",
      "word": "情何以堪"
    },
    {
      "word": "擁擠不堪"
    },
    {
      "word": "拥挤不堪"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Sīkāndínàwéiyà",
      "word": "斯堪的納維亞"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Sīkāndínàwéiyà",
      "word": "斯堪的纳维亚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ē-kham-tit",
      "word": "會堪得"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ē-kham-tit",
      "word": "会堪得"
    },
    {
      "word": "民不堪命"
    },
    {
      "word": "無堪"
    },
    {
      "word": "无堪"
    },
    {
      "word": "狼狽不堪"
    },
    {
      "word": "狼狈不堪"
    },
    {
      "word": "痛不堪忍"
    },
    {
      "word": "百無一堪"
    },
    {
      "word": "百无一堪"
    },
    {
      "word": "石堪子"
    },
    {
      "word": "破敗不堪"
    },
    {
      "word": "破败不堪"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pòlànbùkān",
      "word": "破爛不堪"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pòlànbùkān",
      "word": "破烂不堪"
    },
    {
      "word": "破舊不堪"
    },
    {
      "word": "破旧不堪"
    },
    {
      "word": "秀色堪餐"
    },
    {
      "word": "自堪"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kǔbùkānyán",
      "word": "苦不堪言"
    },
    {
      "word": "誰堪"
    },
    {
      "word": "谁堪"
    },
    {
      "word": "那堪"
    },
    {
      "word": "鄙俗不堪"
    },
    {
      "word": "門堪羅雀"
    },
    {
      "word": "门堪罗雀"
    },
    {
      "word": "門庭冷落，門堪羅雀"
    },
    {
      "word": "门庭冷落，门堪罗雀"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nánkān",
      "word": "難堪"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nánkān",
      "word": "难堪"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)",
      "name": "Han etyl"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "categorize"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "psc",
        "adj": "",
        "nocap": "",
        "pron": "OC *kʰluːm"
      },
      "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm)",
      "name": "liushu"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "Han ideogrammic compounds"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "categorize"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ic",
        "adj": "",
        "nocap": "y",
        "pron": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意)",
      "name": "liushu"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "土",
        "2": "甚",
        "c1": "s",
        "c2": "p",
        "ls": "psc",
        "ls2": "ic",
        "t1": "earth",
        "t2": "extreme, profound"
      },
      "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm) and ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums, “extreme, profound”)",
      "name": "Han compound"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "sit",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Sino-Tibetan",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "my",
        "2": "ခံ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to receive; to endure"
      },
      "expansion": "Burmese ခံ (hkam, “to receive; to endure”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kac",
        "2": "khàm",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to endure"
      },
      "expansion": "Jingpho khàm (“to endure”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Schuessler, 2007"
      },
      "expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)\nPhono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm) and ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums, “extreme, profound”) — originally meaning “heavy mountain/earthen protrusion”, it later came to signify the act of “enduring” that earth's weight.\nSino-Tibetan; compare Burmese ခံ (hkam, “to receive; to endure”), Jingpho khàm (“to endure”) (Schuessler, 2007).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "hanzi"
      },
      "expansion": "堪",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Chinese links with redundant alt parameters",
        "Chinese links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Literary Chinese terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "When flowers bloom and you’re able to do so, pick them immediately: don’t wait until there are none left to only pick twigs.",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Classical Chinese",
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "ref": " Tang dynasty, author unknown, traditionally ascribed to Du Qiuniang (杜秋娘), 金縷衣 (jīnlǚyī)",
          "roman": "Huā kāi kān zhé zhíxū zhé, mò dài wú huā kōng zhé zhī.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin"
          ],
          "text": "花開堪折直須折，莫待無花空折枝。",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "english": "When flowers bloom and you’re able to do so, pick them immediately: don’t wait until there are none left to only pick twigs.",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Classical Chinese",
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "ref": " Tang dynasty, author unknown, traditionally ascribed to Du Qiuniang (杜秋娘), 金縷衣 (jīnlǚyī)",
          "roman": "Huā kāi kān zhé zhíxū zhé, mò dài wú huā kōng zhé zhī.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin"
          ],
          "text": "花开堪折直须折，莫待无花空折枝。",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "may; can; to be capable of; to be able to"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "may",
          "may"
        ],
        [
          "can",
          "can"
        ],
        [
          "capable",
          "capable"
        ],
        [
          "able",
          "able"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "cannot withstand a single blow",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "bùkānyījī",
          "text": "不堪一擊",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "cannot withstand a single blow",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "bùkānyījī",
          "text": "不堪一击",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to bear; to stand; to resist; to endure"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bear",
          "bear"
        ],
        [
          "stand",
          "stand"
        ],
        [
          "resist",
          "resist"
        ],
        [
          "endure",
          "endure"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Chinese terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "protrusion in the earth"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "protrusion",
          "protrusion"
        ],
        [
          "earth",
          "earth"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) protrusion in the earth"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kān"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kan¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄎㄢ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ham¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khâm"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "káng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kham"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kam¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kān"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kan"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kʻan¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kān"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kan"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "кань"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kanʹ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰän⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ham¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hām"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ham¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hem¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɐm⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khâm"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kam^ˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kam¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰam²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jian'ou",
        "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "káng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰaŋ⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Jian'ou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kham"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "qafm"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰam⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰam³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰam⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰam⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰam⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kham"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰam³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "khom"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*[kʰ]ˤ[ə]m/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*kʰluːm/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰän⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/hɐm⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰam²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰaŋ⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰam⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰam³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰam⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰam⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰam⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰam³³/"
    },
    {
      "other": "[kʰ]"
    },
    {
      "other": "[ə]"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*kʰluːm/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "堪"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 堪 meaning in Chinese (10.6kB)

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "堪"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "堪",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)'",
  "path": [
    "堪"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "堪",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Northern Min'",
  "path": [
    "堪"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "堪",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Northern Min (KCR)'",
  "path": [
    "堪"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "堪",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
  "path": [
    "堪"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "堪",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
  "msg": "堪/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Hanyu-Pinyin not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Chinese entries with incorrect language header\", \"Chinese hanzi\", \"Chinese lemmas\", \"Chinese nouns\", \"Chinese terms derived from Sino-Tibetan languages\", \"Chinese terms spelled with 堪\", \"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Chinese verbs\", \"Middle Chinese hanzi\", \"Middle Chinese lemmas\", \"Middle Chinese nouns\", \"Middle Chinese verbs\", \"Northern Min hanzi\", \"Northern Min lemmas\", \"Northern Min nouns\", \"Northern Min verbs\", \"Old Chinese hanzi\", \"Old Chinese lemmas\", \"Old Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese verbs\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"七不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkān\", \"word\": \"不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"word\": \"不堪一擊\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"word\": \"不堪一击\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪七\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪之物\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānrùmù\", \"word\": \"不堪入目\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānrù'ěr\", \"word\": \"不堪入耳\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānqírǎo\", \"word\": \"不堪其擾\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānqírǎo\", \"word\": \"不堪其扰\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānhuíshǒu\", \"word\": \"不堪回首\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪言狀\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪言状\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānshèxiǎng\", \"word\": \"不堪設想\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānshèxiǎng\", \"word\": \"不堪设想\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪負荷\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪负荷\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪造就\"}, {\"word\": \"不復堪命\"}, {\"word\": \"不复堪命\"}, {\"word\": \"仲堪\"}, {\"word\": \"任堪\"}, {\"word\": \"何堪\"}, {\"word\": \"依瑪堪\"}, {\"word\": \"依玛堪\"}, {\"word\": \"克堪\"}, {\"word\": \"凌亂不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"可堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"guóbùkān'èr\", \"word\": \"國不堪貳\"}, {\"roman\": \"guóbùkān'èr\", \"word\": \"国不堪贰\"}, {\"word\": \"堪㐨\"}, {\"word\": \"堪可\"}, {\"word\": \"堪坏\"}, {\"roman\": \"Kānpéilā\", \"word\": \"堪培拉\"}, {\"word\": \"堪堪\"}, {\"word\": \"堪士\"}, {\"word\": \"堪巖\"}, {\"word\": \"堪岩\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānbù\", \"word\": \"堪布\"}, {\"word\": \"堪忍\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyōu\", \"word\": \"堪憂\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyōu\", \"word\": \"堪忧\"}, {\"word\": \"堪比\"}, {\"word\": \"堪火\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānchēng\", \"word\": \"堪稱\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānchēng\", \"word\": \"堪称\"}, {\"word\": \"堪笑\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānnéng\", \"word\": \"堪能\"}, {\"word\": \"堪薩\"}, {\"word\": \"堪萨\"}, {\"roman\": \"Kānsàsī\", \"word\": \"堪薩斯\"}, {\"roman\": \"Kānsàsī\", \"word\": \"堪萨斯\"}, {\"word\": \"堪薩斯州\"}, {\"word\": \"堪萨斯州\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyú\", \"word\": \"堪虞\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyú\", \"word\": \"堪輿\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyú\", \"word\": \"堪舆\"}, {\"word\": \"堪輿家\"}, {\"word\": \"堪舆家\"}, {\"roman\": \"kāndáhǎn\", \"word\": \"堪達罕\"}, {\"roman\": \"kāndáhǎn\", \"word\": \"堪达罕\"}, {\"word\": \"富堪敵國\"}, {\"word\": \"富堪敌国\"}, {\"word\": \"差堪\"}, {\"word\": \"弗堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"qínghéyǐkān\", \"word\": \"情何以堪\"}, {\"word\": \"擁擠不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"拥挤不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"Sīkāndínàwéiyà\", \"word\": \"斯堪的納維亞\"}, {\"roman\": \"Sīkāndínàwéiyà\", \"word\": \"斯堪的纳维亚\"}, {\"roman\": \"ē-kham-tit\", \"word\": \"會堪得\"}, {\"roman\": \"ē-kham-tit\", \"word\": \"会堪得\"}, {\"word\": \"民不堪命\"}, {\"word\": \"無堪\"}, {\"word\": \"无堪\"}, {\"word\": \"狼狽不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"狼狈不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"痛不堪忍\"}, {\"word\": \"百無一堪\"}, {\"word\": \"百无一堪\"}, {\"word\": \"石堪子\"}, {\"word\": \"破敗不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"破败不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"pòlànbùkān\", \"word\": \"破爛不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"pòlànbùkān\", \"word\": \"破烂不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"破舊不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"破旧不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"秀色堪餐\"}, {\"word\": \"自堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"kǔbùkānyán\", \"word\": \"苦不堪言\"}, {\"word\": \"誰堪\"}, {\"word\": \"谁堪\"}, {\"word\": \"那堪\"}, {\"word\": \"鄙俗不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"門堪羅雀\"}, {\"word\": \"门堪罗雀\"}, {\"word\": \"門庭冷落，門堪羅雀\"}, {\"word\": \"门庭冷落，门堪罗雀\"}, {\"roman\": \"nánkān\", \"word\": \"難堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"nánkān\", \"word\": \"难堪\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)\", \"name\": \"Han etyl\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han phono-semantic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"psc\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"\", \"pron\": \"OC *kʰluːm\"}, \"expansion\": \"Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han ideogrammic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ic\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"y\", \"pron\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"土\", \"2\": \"甚\", \"c1\": \"s\", \"c2\": \"p\", \"ls\": \"psc\", \"ls2\": \"ic\", \"t1\": \"earth\", \"t2\": \"extreme, profound\"}, \"expansion\": \"Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm) and ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums, “extreme, profound”)\", \"name\": \"Han compound\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"sit\", \"3\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Sino-Tibetan\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"my\", \"2\": \"ခံ\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to receive; to endure\"}, \"expansion\": \"Burmese ခံ (hkam, “to receive; to endure”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"kac\", \"2\": \"khàm\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to endure\"}, \"expansion\": \"Jingpho khàm (“to endure”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Schuessler, 2007\"}, \"expansion\": \"Schuessler, 2007\", \"name\": \"zh-ref\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)\\nPhono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm) and ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums, “extreme, profound”) — originally meaning “heavy mountain/earthen protrusion”, it later came to signify the act of “enduring” that earth's weight.\\nSino-Tibetan; compare Burmese ခံ (hkam, “to receive; to endure”), Jingpho khàm (“to endure”) (Schuessler, 2007).\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"hanzi\"}, \"expansion\": \"堪\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"lang_code\": \"zh\", \"pos\": \"character\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"Chinese links with redundant alt parameters\", \"Chinese links with redundant wikilinks\", \"Literary Chinese terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"english\": \"When flowers bloom and you’re able to do so, pick them immediately: don’t wait until there are none left to only pick twigs.\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Classical Chinese\", \"Traditional Chinese\"], \"ref\": \" Tang dynasty, author unknown, traditionally ascribed to Du Qiuniang (杜秋娘), 金縷衣 (jīnlǚyī)\", \"roman\": \"Huā kāi kān zhé zhíxū zhé, mò dài wú huā kōng zhé zhī.\", \"tags\": [\"Pinyin\"], \"text\": \"花開堪折直須折，莫待無花空折枝。\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"english\": \"When flowers bloom and you’re able to do so, pick them immediately: don’t wait until there are none left to only pick twigs.\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Classical Chinese\", \"Simplified Chinese\"], \"ref\": \" Tang dynasty, author unknown, traditionally ascribed to Du Qiuniang (杜秋娘), 金縷衣 (jīnlǚyī)\", \"roman\": \"Huā kāi kān zhé zhíxū zhé, mò dài wú huā kōng zhé zhī.\", \"tags\": [\"Pinyin\"], \"text\": \"花开堪折直须折，莫待无花空折枝。\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"may; can; to be capable of; to be able to\"], \"links\": [[\"may\", \"may\"], [\"can\", \"can\"], [\"capable\", \"capable\"], [\"able\", \"able\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"Mandarin terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"english\": \"cannot withstand a single blow\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Traditional Chinese\"], \"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"text\": \"不堪一擊\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"english\": \"cannot withstand a single blow\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Simplified Chinese\"], \"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"text\": \"不堪一击\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"to bear; to stand; to resist; to endure\"], \"links\": [[\"bear\", \"bear\"], [\"stand\", \"stand\"], [\"resist\", \"resist\"], [\"endure\", \"endure\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"Chinese terms with obsolete senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"protrusion in the earth\"], \"links\": [[\"protrusion\", \"protrusion\"], [\"earth\", \"earth\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) protrusion in the earth\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kān\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kan¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄎㄢ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ham¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\", \"Sixian\"], \"zh-pron\": \"khâm\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"káng\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kham\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Peng'im\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kam¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hanyu-Pinyin\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kān\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Tongyong-Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kan\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Wade-Giles\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kʻan¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kān\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kan\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"кань\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kanʹ\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰän⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ham¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"hām\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ham¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"hem¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/hɐm⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\"], \"zh-pron\": \"khâm\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Hakka-Romanization-System\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kam^ˊ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hagfa-Pinyim\", \"Hakka\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kam¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Jian'ou\", \"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized\"], \"zh-pron\": \"káng\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰaŋ⁵⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Jian'ou\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kham\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"qafm\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Xiamen\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Taipei\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"POJ\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kham\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Teochew\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Middle-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"khom\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Baxter-Sagart\", \"Old-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*[kʰ]ˤ[ə]m/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Old-Chinese\", \"Zhengzhang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*kʰluːm/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰän⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/hɐm⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam²⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰaŋ⁵⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\"}, {\"other\": \"[kʰ]\"}, {\"other\": \"[ə]\"}, {\"other\": \"/*kʰluːm/\"}], \"word\": \"堪\"}",
  "path": [],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "character",
  "title": "堪",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
  "msg": "堪/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Hong-Kong not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Chinese entries with incorrect language header\", \"Chinese hanzi\", \"Chinese lemmas\", \"Chinese nouns\", \"Chinese terms derived from Sino-Tibetan languages\", \"Chinese terms spelled with 堪\", \"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Chinese verbs\", \"Middle Chinese hanzi\", \"Middle Chinese lemmas\", \"Middle Chinese nouns\", \"Middle Chinese verbs\", \"Northern Min hanzi\", \"Northern Min lemmas\", \"Northern Min nouns\", \"Northern Min verbs\", \"Old Chinese hanzi\", \"Old Chinese lemmas\", \"Old Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese verbs\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"七不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkān\", \"word\": \"不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"word\": \"不堪一擊\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"word\": \"不堪一击\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪七\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪之物\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānrùmù\", \"word\": \"不堪入目\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānrù'ěr\", \"word\": \"不堪入耳\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānqírǎo\", \"word\": \"不堪其擾\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānqírǎo\", \"word\": \"不堪其扰\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānhuíshǒu\", \"word\": \"不堪回首\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪言狀\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪言状\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānshèxiǎng\", \"word\": \"不堪設想\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānshèxiǎng\", \"word\": \"不堪设想\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪負荷\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪负荷\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪造就\"}, {\"word\": \"不復堪命\"}, {\"word\": \"不复堪命\"}, {\"word\": \"仲堪\"}, {\"word\": \"任堪\"}, {\"word\": \"何堪\"}, {\"word\": \"依瑪堪\"}, {\"word\": \"依玛堪\"}, {\"word\": \"克堪\"}, {\"word\": \"凌亂不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"可堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"guóbùkān'èr\", \"word\": \"國不堪貳\"}, {\"roman\": \"guóbùkān'èr\", \"word\": \"国不堪贰\"}, {\"word\": \"堪㐨\"}, {\"word\": \"堪可\"}, {\"word\": \"堪坏\"}, {\"roman\": \"Kānpéilā\", \"word\": \"堪培拉\"}, {\"word\": \"堪堪\"}, {\"word\": \"堪士\"}, {\"word\": \"堪巖\"}, {\"word\": \"堪岩\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānbù\", \"word\": \"堪布\"}, {\"word\": \"堪忍\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyōu\", \"word\": \"堪憂\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyōu\", \"word\": \"堪忧\"}, {\"word\": \"堪比\"}, {\"word\": \"堪火\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānchēng\", \"word\": \"堪稱\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānchēng\", \"word\": \"堪称\"}, {\"word\": \"堪笑\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānnéng\", \"word\": \"堪能\"}, {\"word\": \"堪薩\"}, {\"word\": \"堪萨\"}, {\"roman\": \"Kānsàsī\", \"word\": \"堪薩斯\"}, {\"roman\": \"Kānsàsī\", \"word\": \"堪萨斯\"}, {\"word\": \"堪薩斯州\"}, {\"word\": \"堪萨斯州\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyú\", \"word\": \"堪虞\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyú\", \"word\": \"堪輿\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyú\", \"word\": \"堪舆\"}, {\"word\": \"堪輿家\"}, {\"word\": \"堪舆家\"}, {\"roman\": \"kāndáhǎn\", \"word\": \"堪達罕\"}, {\"roman\": \"kāndáhǎn\", \"word\": \"堪达罕\"}, {\"word\": \"富堪敵國\"}, {\"word\": \"富堪敌国\"}, {\"word\": \"差堪\"}, {\"word\": \"弗堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"qínghéyǐkān\", \"word\": \"情何以堪\"}, {\"word\": \"擁擠不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"拥挤不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"Sīkāndínàwéiyà\", \"word\": \"斯堪的納維亞\"}, {\"roman\": \"Sīkāndínàwéiyà\", \"word\": \"斯堪的纳维亚\"}, {\"roman\": \"ē-kham-tit\", \"word\": \"會堪得\"}, {\"roman\": \"ē-kham-tit\", \"word\": \"会堪得\"}, {\"word\": \"民不堪命\"}, {\"word\": \"無堪\"}, {\"word\": \"无堪\"}, {\"word\": \"狼狽不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"狼狈不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"痛不堪忍\"}, {\"word\": \"百無一堪\"}, {\"word\": \"百无一堪\"}, {\"word\": \"石堪子\"}, {\"word\": \"破敗不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"破败不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"pòlànbùkān\", \"word\": \"破爛不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"pòlànbùkān\", \"word\": \"破烂不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"破舊不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"破旧不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"秀色堪餐\"}, {\"word\": \"自堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"kǔbùkānyán\", \"word\": \"苦不堪言\"}, {\"word\": \"誰堪\"}, {\"word\": \"谁堪\"}, {\"word\": \"那堪\"}, {\"word\": \"鄙俗不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"門堪羅雀\"}, {\"word\": \"门堪罗雀\"}, {\"word\": \"門庭冷落，門堪羅雀\"}, {\"word\": \"门庭冷落，门堪罗雀\"}, {\"roman\": \"nánkān\", \"word\": \"難堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"nánkān\", \"word\": \"难堪\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)\", \"name\": \"Han etyl\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han phono-semantic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"psc\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"\", \"pron\": \"OC *kʰluːm\"}, \"expansion\": \"Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han ideogrammic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ic\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"y\", \"pron\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"土\", \"2\": \"甚\", \"c1\": \"s\", \"c2\": \"p\", \"ls\": \"psc\", \"ls2\": \"ic\", \"t1\": \"earth\", \"t2\": \"extreme, profound\"}, \"expansion\": \"Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm) and ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums, “extreme, profound”)\", \"name\": \"Han compound\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"sit\", \"3\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Sino-Tibetan\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"my\", \"2\": \"ခံ\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to receive; to endure\"}, \"expansion\": \"Burmese ခံ (hkam, “to receive; to endure”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"kac\", \"2\": \"khàm\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to endure\"}, \"expansion\": \"Jingpho khàm (“to endure”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Schuessler, 2007\"}, \"expansion\": \"Schuessler, 2007\", \"name\": \"zh-ref\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)\\nPhono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm) and ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums, “extreme, profound”) — originally meaning “heavy mountain/earthen protrusion”, it later came to signify the act of “enduring” that earth's weight.\\nSino-Tibetan; compare Burmese ခံ (hkam, “to receive; to endure”), Jingpho khàm (“to endure”) (Schuessler, 2007).\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"hanzi\"}, \"expansion\": \"堪\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"lang_code\": \"zh\", \"pos\": \"character\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"Chinese links with redundant alt parameters\", \"Chinese links with redundant wikilinks\", \"Literary Chinese terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"english\": \"When flowers bloom and you’re able to do so, pick them immediately: don’t wait until there are none left to only pick twigs.\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Classical Chinese\", \"Traditional Chinese\"], \"ref\": \" Tang dynasty, author unknown, traditionally ascribed to Du Qiuniang (杜秋娘), 金縷衣 (jīnlǚyī)\", \"roman\": \"Huā kāi kān zhé zhíxū zhé, mò dài wú huā kōng zhé zhī.\", \"tags\": [\"Pinyin\"], \"text\": \"花開堪折直須折，莫待無花空折枝。\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"english\": \"When flowers bloom and you’re able to do so, pick them immediately: don’t wait until there are none left to only pick twigs.\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Classical Chinese\", \"Simplified Chinese\"], \"ref\": \" Tang dynasty, author unknown, traditionally ascribed to Du Qiuniang (杜秋娘), 金縷衣 (jīnlǚyī)\", \"roman\": \"Huā kāi kān zhé zhíxū zhé, mò dài wú huā kōng zhé zhī.\", \"tags\": [\"Pinyin\"], \"text\": \"花开堪折直须折，莫待无花空折枝。\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"may; can; to be capable of; to be able to\"], \"links\": [[\"may\", \"may\"], [\"can\", \"can\"], [\"capable\", \"capable\"], [\"able\", \"able\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"Mandarin terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"english\": \"cannot withstand a single blow\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Traditional Chinese\"], \"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"text\": \"不堪一擊\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"english\": \"cannot withstand a single blow\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Simplified Chinese\"], \"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"text\": \"不堪一击\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"to bear; to stand; to resist; to endure\"], \"links\": [[\"bear\", \"bear\"], [\"stand\", \"stand\"], [\"resist\", \"resist\"], [\"endure\", \"endure\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"Chinese terms with obsolete senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"protrusion in the earth\"], \"links\": [[\"protrusion\", \"protrusion\"], [\"earth\", \"earth\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) protrusion in the earth\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kān\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kan¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄎㄢ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ham¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\", \"Sixian\"], \"zh-pron\": \"khâm\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"káng\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kham\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Peng'im\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kam¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hanyu-Pinyin\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kān\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Tongyong-Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kan\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Wade-Giles\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kʻan¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kān\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kan\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"кань\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kanʹ\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰän⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ham¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"hām\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ham¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"hem¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/hɐm⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\"], \"zh-pron\": \"khâm\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Hakka-Romanization-System\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kam^ˊ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hagfa-Pinyim\", \"Hakka\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kam¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Jian'ou\", \"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized\"], \"zh-pron\": \"káng\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰaŋ⁵⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Jian'ou\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kham\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"qafm\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Xiamen\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Taipei\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"POJ\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kham\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Teochew\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Middle-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"khom\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Baxter-Sagart\", \"Old-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*[kʰ]ˤ[ə]m/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Old-Chinese\", \"Zhengzhang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*kʰluːm/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰän⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/hɐm⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam²⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰaŋ⁵⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\"}, {\"other\": \"[kʰ]\"}, {\"other\": \"[ə]\"}, {\"other\": \"/*kʰluːm/\"}], \"word\": \"堪\"}",
  "path": [],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "character",
  "title": "堪",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
  "msg": "堪/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Hong-Kong not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Chinese entries with incorrect language header\", \"Chinese hanzi\", \"Chinese lemmas\", \"Chinese nouns\", \"Chinese terms derived from Sino-Tibetan languages\", \"Chinese terms spelled with 堪\", \"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Chinese verbs\", \"Middle Chinese hanzi\", \"Middle Chinese lemmas\", \"Middle Chinese nouns\", \"Middle Chinese verbs\", \"Northern Min hanzi\", \"Northern Min lemmas\", \"Northern Min nouns\", \"Northern Min verbs\", \"Old Chinese hanzi\", \"Old Chinese lemmas\", \"Old Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese verbs\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"七不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkān\", \"word\": \"不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"word\": \"不堪一擊\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"word\": \"不堪一击\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪七\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪之物\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānrùmù\", \"word\": \"不堪入目\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānrù'ěr\", \"word\": \"不堪入耳\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānqírǎo\", \"word\": \"不堪其擾\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānqírǎo\", \"word\": \"不堪其扰\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānhuíshǒu\", \"word\": \"不堪回首\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪言狀\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪言状\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānshèxiǎng\", \"word\": \"不堪設想\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānshèxiǎng\", \"word\": \"不堪设想\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪負荷\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪负荷\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪造就\"}, {\"word\": \"不復堪命\"}, {\"word\": \"不复堪命\"}, {\"word\": \"仲堪\"}, {\"word\": \"任堪\"}, {\"word\": \"何堪\"}, {\"word\": \"依瑪堪\"}, {\"word\": \"依玛堪\"}, {\"word\": \"克堪\"}, {\"word\": \"凌亂不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"可堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"guóbùkān'èr\", \"word\": \"國不堪貳\"}, {\"roman\": \"guóbùkān'èr\", \"word\": \"国不堪贰\"}, {\"word\": \"堪㐨\"}, {\"word\": \"堪可\"}, {\"word\": \"堪坏\"}, {\"roman\": \"Kānpéilā\", \"word\": \"堪培拉\"}, {\"word\": \"堪堪\"}, {\"word\": \"堪士\"}, {\"word\": \"堪巖\"}, {\"word\": \"堪岩\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānbù\", \"word\": \"堪布\"}, {\"word\": \"堪忍\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyōu\", \"word\": \"堪憂\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyōu\", \"word\": \"堪忧\"}, {\"word\": \"堪比\"}, {\"word\": \"堪火\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānchēng\", \"word\": \"堪稱\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānchēng\", \"word\": \"堪称\"}, {\"word\": \"堪笑\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānnéng\", \"word\": \"堪能\"}, {\"word\": \"堪薩\"}, {\"word\": \"堪萨\"}, {\"roman\": \"Kānsàsī\", \"word\": \"堪薩斯\"}, {\"roman\": \"Kānsàsī\", \"word\": \"堪萨斯\"}, {\"word\": \"堪薩斯州\"}, {\"word\": \"堪萨斯州\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyú\", \"word\": \"堪虞\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyú\", \"word\": \"堪輿\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyú\", \"word\": \"堪舆\"}, {\"word\": \"堪輿家\"}, {\"word\": \"堪舆家\"}, {\"roman\": \"kāndáhǎn\", \"word\": \"堪達罕\"}, {\"roman\": \"kāndáhǎn\", \"word\": \"堪达罕\"}, {\"word\": \"富堪敵國\"}, {\"word\": \"富堪敌国\"}, {\"word\": \"差堪\"}, {\"word\": \"弗堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"qínghéyǐkān\", \"word\": \"情何以堪\"}, {\"word\": \"擁擠不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"拥挤不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"Sīkāndínàwéiyà\", \"word\": \"斯堪的納維亞\"}, {\"roman\": \"Sīkāndínàwéiyà\", \"word\": \"斯堪的纳维亚\"}, {\"roman\": \"ē-kham-tit\", \"word\": \"會堪得\"}, {\"roman\": \"ē-kham-tit\", \"word\": \"会堪得\"}, {\"word\": \"民不堪命\"}, {\"word\": \"無堪\"}, {\"word\": \"无堪\"}, {\"word\": \"狼狽不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"狼狈不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"痛不堪忍\"}, {\"word\": \"百無一堪\"}, {\"word\": \"百无一堪\"}, {\"word\": \"石堪子\"}, {\"word\": \"破敗不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"破败不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"pòlànbùkān\", \"word\": \"破爛不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"pòlànbùkān\", \"word\": \"破烂不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"破舊不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"破旧不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"秀色堪餐\"}, {\"word\": \"自堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"kǔbùkānyán\", \"word\": \"苦不堪言\"}, {\"word\": \"誰堪\"}, {\"word\": \"谁堪\"}, {\"word\": \"那堪\"}, {\"word\": \"鄙俗不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"門堪羅雀\"}, {\"word\": \"门堪罗雀\"}, {\"word\": \"門庭冷落，門堪羅雀\"}, {\"word\": \"门庭冷落，门堪罗雀\"}, {\"roman\": \"nánkān\", \"word\": \"難堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"nánkān\", \"word\": \"难堪\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)\", \"name\": \"Han etyl\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han phono-semantic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"psc\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"\", \"pron\": \"OC *kʰluːm\"}, \"expansion\": \"Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han ideogrammic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ic\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"y\", \"pron\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"土\", \"2\": \"甚\", \"c1\": \"s\", \"c2\": \"p\", \"ls\": \"psc\", \"ls2\": \"ic\", \"t1\": \"earth\", \"t2\": \"extreme, profound\"}, \"expansion\": \"Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm) and ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums, “extreme, profound”)\", \"name\": \"Han compound\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"sit\", \"3\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Sino-Tibetan\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"my\", \"2\": \"ခံ\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to receive; to endure\"}, \"expansion\": \"Burmese ခံ (hkam, “to receive; to endure”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"kac\", \"2\": \"khàm\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to endure\"}, \"expansion\": \"Jingpho khàm (“to endure”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Schuessler, 2007\"}, \"expansion\": \"Schuessler, 2007\", \"name\": \"zh-ref\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)\\nPhono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm) and ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums, “extreme, profound”) — originally meaning “heavy mountain/earthen protrusion”, it later came to signify the act of “enduring” that earth's weight.\\nSino-Tibetan; compare Burmese ခံ (hkam, “to receive; to endure”), Jingpho khàm (“to endure”) (Schuessler, 2007).\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"hanzi\"}, \"expansion\": \"堪\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"lang_code\": \"zh\", \"pos\": \"character\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"Chinese links with redundant alt parameters\", \"Chinese links with redundant wikilinks\", \"Literary Chinese terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"english\": \"When flowers bloom and you’re able to do so, pick them immediately: don’t wait until there are none left to only pick twigs.\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Classical Chinese\", \"Traditional Chinese\"], \"ref\": \" Tang dynasty, author unknown, traditionally ascribed to Du Qiuniang (杜秋娘), 金縷衣 (jīnlǚyī)\", \"roman\": \"Huā kāi kān zhé zhíxū zhé, mò dài wú huā kōng zhé zhī.\", \"tags\": [\"Pinyin\"], \"text\": \"花開堪折直須折，莫待無花空折枝。\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"english\": \"When flowers bloom and you’re able to do so, pick them immediately: don’t wait until there are none left to only pick twigs.\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Classical Chinese\", \"Simplified Chinese\"], \"ref\": \" Tang dynasty, author unknown, traditionally ascribed to Du Qiuniang (杜秋娘), 金縷衣 (jīnlǚyī)\", \"roman\": \"Huā kāi kān zhé zhíxū zhé, mò dài wú huā kōng zhé zhī.\", \"tags\": [\"Pinyin\"], \"text\": \"花开堪折直须折，莫待无花空折枝。\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"may; can; to be capable of; to be able to\"], \"links\": [[\"may\", \"may\"], [\"can\", \"can\"], [\"capable\", \"capable\"], [\"able\", \"able\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"Mandarin terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"english\": \"cannot withstand a single blow\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Traditional Chinese\"], \"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"text\": \"不堪一擊\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"english\": \"cannot withstand a single blow\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Simplified Chinese\"], \"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"text\": \"不堪一击\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"to bear; to stand; to resist; to endure\"], \"links\": [[\"bear\", \"bear\"], [\"stand\", \"stand\"], [\"resist\", \"resist\"], [\"endure\", \"endure\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"Chinese terms with obsolete senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"protrusion in the earth\"], \"links\": [[\"protrusion\", \"protrusion\"], [\"earth\", \"earth\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) protrusion in the earth\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kān\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kan¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄎㄢ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ham¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\", \"Sixian\"], \"zh-pron\": \"khâm\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"káng\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kham\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Peng'im\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kam¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hanyu-Pinyin\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kān\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Tongyong-Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kan\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Wade-Giles\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kʻan¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kān\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kan\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"кань\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kanʹ\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰän⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ham¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"hām\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ham¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"hem¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/hɐm⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\"], \"zh-pron\": \"khâm\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Hakka-Romanization-System\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kam^ˊ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hagfa-Pinyim\", \"Hakka\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kam¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Jian'ou\", \"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized\"], \"zh-pron\": \"káng\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰaŋ⁵⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Jian'ou\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kham\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"qafm\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Xiamen\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Taipei\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"POJ\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kham\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Teochew\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Middle-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"khom\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Baxter-Sagart\", \"Old-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*[kʰ]ˤ[ə]m/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Old-Chinese\", \"Zhengzhang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*kʰluːm/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰän⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/hɐm⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam²⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰaŋ⁵⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\"}, {\"other\": \"[kʰ]\"}, {\"other\": \"[ə]\"}, {\"other\": \"/*kʰluːm/\"}], \"word\": \"堪\"}",
  "path": [],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "character",
  "title": "堪",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
  "msg": "堪/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Hong-Kong not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Chinese entries with incorrect language header\", \"Chinese hanzi\", \"Chinese lemmas\", \"Chinese nouns\", \"Chinese terms derived from Sino-Tibetan languages\", \"Chinese terms spelled with 堪\", \"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Chinese verbs\", \"Middle Chinese hanzi\", \"Middle Chinese lemmas\", \"Middle Chinese nouns\", \"Middle Chinese verbs\", \"Northern Min hanzi\", \"Northern Min lemmas\", \"Northern Min nouns\", \"Northern Min verbs\", \"Old Chinese hanzi\", \"Old Chinese lemmas\", \"Old Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese verbs\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"七不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkān\", \"word\": \"不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"word\": \"不堪一擊\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"word\": \"不堪一击\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪七\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪之物\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānrùmù\", \"word\": \"不堪入目\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānrù'ěr\", \"word\": \"不堪入耳\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānqírǎo\", \"word\": \"不堪其擾\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānqírǎo\", \"word\": \"不堪其扰\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānhuíshǒu\", \"word\": \"不堪回首\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪言狀\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪言状\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānshèxiǎng\", \"word\": \"不堪設想\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānshèxiǎng\", \"word\": \"不堪设想\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪負荷\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪负荷\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪造就\"}, {\"word\": \"不復堪命\"}, {\"word\": \"不复堪命\"}, {\"word\": \"仲堪\"}, {\"word\": \"任堪\"}, {\"word\": \"何堪\"}, {\"word\": \"依瑪堪\"}, {\"word\": \"依玛堪\"}, {\"word\": \"克堪\"}, {\"word\": \"凌亂不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"可堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"guóbùkān'èr\", \"word\": \"國不堪貳\"}, {\"roman\": \"guóbùkān'èr\", \"word\": \"国不堪贰\"}, {\"word\": \"堪㐨\"}, {\"word\": \"堪可\"}, {\"word\": \"堪坏\"}, {\"roman\": \"Kānpéilā\", \"word\": \"堪培拉\"}, {\"word\": \"堪堪\"}, {\"word\": \"堪士\"}, {\"word\": \"堪巖\"}, {\"word\": \"堪岩\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānbù\", \"word\": \"堪布\"}, {\"word\": \"堪忍\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyōu\", \"word\": \"堪憂\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyōu\", \"word\": \"堪忧\"}, {\"word\": \"堪比\"}, {\"word\": \"堪火\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānchēng\", \"word\": \"堪稱\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānchēng\", \"word\": \"堪称\"}, {\"word\": \"堪笑\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānnéng\", \"word\": \"堪能\"}, {\"word\": \"堪薩\"}, {\"word\": \"堪萨\"}, {\"roman\": \"Kānsàsī\", \"word\": \"堪薩斯\"}, {\"roman\": \"Kānsàsī\", \"word\": \"堪萨斯\"}, {\"word\": \"堪薩斯州\"}, {\"word\": \"堪萨斯州\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyú\", \"word\": \"堪虞\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyú\", \"word\": \"堪輿\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyú\", \"word\": \"堪舆\"}, {\"word\": \"堪輿家\"}, {\"word\": \"堪舆家\"}, {\"roman\": \"kāndáhǎn\", \"word\": \"堪達罕\"}, {\"roman\": \"kāndáhǎn\", \"word\": \"堪达罕\"}, {\"word\": \"富堪敵國\"}, {\"word\": \"富堪敌国\"}, {\"word\": \"差堪\"}, {\"word\": \"弗堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"qínghéyǐkān\", \"word\": \"情何以堪\"}, {\"word\": \"擁擠不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"拥挤不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"Sīkāndínàwéiyà\", \"word\": \"斯堪的納維亞\"}, {\"roman\": \"Sīkāndínàwéiyà\", \"word\": \"斯堪的纳维亚\"}, {\"roman\": \"ē-kham-tit\", \"word\": \"會堪得\"}, {\"roman\": \"ē-kham-tit\", \"word\": \"会堪得\"}, {\"word\": \"民不堪命\"}, {\"word\": \"無堪\"}, {\"word\": \"无堪\"}, {\"word\": \"狼狽不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"狼狈不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"痛不堪忍\"}, {\"word\": \"百無一堪\"}, {\"word\": \"百无一堪\"}, {\"word\": \"石堪子\"}, {\"word\": \"破敗不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"破败不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"pòlànbùkān\", \"word\": \"破爛不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"pòlànbùkān\", \"word\": \"破烂不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"破舊不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"破旧不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"秀色堪餐\"}, {\"word\": \"自堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"kǔbùkānyán\", \"word\": \"苦不堪言\"}, {\"word\": \"誰堪\"}, {\"word\": \"谁堪\"}, {\"word\": \"那堪\"}, {\"word\": \"鄙俗不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"門堪羅雀\"}, {\"word\": \"门堪罗雀\"}, {\"word\": \"門庭冷落，門堪羅雀\"}, {\"word\": \"门庭冷落，门堪罗雀\"}, {\"roman\": \"nánkān\", \"word\": \"難堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"nánkān\", \"word\": \"难堪\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)\", \"name\": \"Han etyl\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han phono-semantic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"psc\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"\", \"pron\": \"OC *kʰluːm\"}, \"expansion\": \"Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han ideogrammic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ic\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"y\", \"pron\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"土\", \"2\": \"甚\", \"c1\": \"s\", \"c2\": \"p\", \"ls\": \"psc\", \"ls2\": \"ic\", \"t1\": \"earth\", \"t2\": \"extreme, profound\"}, \"expansion\": \"Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm) and ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums, “extreme, profound”)\", \"name\": \"Han compound\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"sit\", \"3\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Sino-Tibetan\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"my\", \"2\": \"ခံ\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to receive; to endure\"}, \"expansion\": \"Burmese ခံ (hkam, “to receive; to endure”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"kac\", \"2\": \"khàm\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to endure\"}, \"expansion\": \"Jingpho khàm (“to endure”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Schuessler, 2007\"}, \"expansion\": \"Schuessler, 2007\", \"name\": \"zh-ref\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)\\nPhono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm) and ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums, “extreme, profound”) — originally meaning “heavy mountain/earthen protrusion”, it later came to signify the act of “enduring” that earth's weight.\\nSino-Tibetan; compare Burmese ခံ (hkam, “to receive; to endure”), Jingpho khàm (“to endure”) (Schuessler, 2007).\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"hanzi\"}, \"expansion\": \"堪\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"lang_code\": \"zh\", \"pos\": \"character\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"Chinese links with redundant alt parameters\", \"Chinese links with redundant wikilinks\", \"Literary Chinese terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"english\": \"When flowers bloom and you’re able to do so, pick them immediately: don’t wait until there are none left to only pick twigs.\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Classical Chinese\", \"Traditional Chinese\"], \"ref\": \" Tang dynasty, author unknown, traditionally ascribed to Du Qiuniang (杜秋娘), 金縷衣 (jīnlǚyī)\", \"roman\": \"Huā kāi kān zhé zhíxū zhé, mò dài wú huā kōng zhé zhī.\", \"tags\": [\"Pinyin\"], \"text\": \"花開堪折直須折，莫待無花空折枝。\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"english\": \"When flowers bloom and you’re able to do so, pick them immediately: don’t wait until there are none left to only pick twigs.\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Classical Chinese\", \"Simplified Chinese\"], \"ref\": \" Tang dynasty, author unknown, traditionally ascribed to Du Qiuniang (杜秋娘), 金縷衣 (jīnlǚyī)\", \"roman\": \"Huā kāi kān zhé zhíxū zhé, mò dài wú huā kōng zhé zhī.\", \"tags\": [\"Pinyin\"], \"text\": \"花开堪折直须折，莫待无花空折枝。\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"may; can; to be capable of; to be able to\"], \"links\": [[\"may\", \"may\"], [\"can\", \"can\"], [\"capable\", \"capable\"], [\"able\", \"able\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"Mandarin terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"english\": \"cannot withstand a single blow\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Traditional Chinese\"], \"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"text\": \"不堪一擊\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"english\": \"cannot withstand a single blow\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Simplified Chinese\"], \"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"text\": \"不堪一击\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"to bear; to stand; to resist; to endure\"], \"links\": [[\"bear\", \"bear\"], [\"stand\", \"stand\"], [\"resist\", \"resist\"], [\"endure\", \"endure\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"Chinese terms with obsolete senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"protrusion in the earth\"], \"links\": [[\"protrusion\", \"protrusion\"], [\"earth\", \"earth\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) protrusion in the earth\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kān\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kan¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄎㄢ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ham¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\", \"Sixian\"], \"zh-pron\": \"khâm\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"káng\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kham\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Peng'im\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kam¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hanyu-Pinyin\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kān\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Tongyong-Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kan\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Wade-Giles\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kʻan¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kān\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kan\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"кань\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kanʹ\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰän⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ham¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"hām\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ham¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"hem¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/hɐm⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\"], \"zh-pron\": \"khâm\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Hakka-Romanization-System\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kam^ˊ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hagfa-Pinyim\", \"Hakka\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kam¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Jian'ou\", \"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized\"], \"zh-pron\": \"káng\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰaŋ⁵⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Jian'ou\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kham\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"qafm\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Xiamen\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Taipei\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"POJ\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kham\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Teochew\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Middle-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"khom\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Baxter-Sagart\", \"Old-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*[kʰ]ˤ[ə]m/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Old-Chinese\", \"Zhengzhang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*kʰluːm/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰän⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/hɐm⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam²⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰaŋ⁵⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\"}, {\"other\": \"[kʰ]\"}, {\"other\": \"[ə]\"}, {\"other\": \"/*kʰluːm/\"}], \"word\": \"堪\"}",
  "path": [],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "character",
  "title": "堪",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
  "msg": "堪/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Hong-Kong not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Chinese entries with incorrect language header\", \"Chinese hanzi\", \"Chinese lemmas\", \"Chinese nouns\", \"Chinese terms derived from Sino-Tibetan languages\", \"Chinese terms spelled with 堪\", \"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Chinese verbs\", \"Middle Chinese hanzi\", \"Middle Chinese lemmas\", \"Middle Chinese nouns\", \"Middle Chinese verbs\", \"Northern Min hanzi\", \"Northern Min lemmas\", \"Northern Min nouns\", \"Northern Min verbs\", \"Old Chinese hanzi\", \"Old Chinese lemmas\", \"Old Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese verbs\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"七不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkān\", \"word\": \"不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"word\": \"不堪一擊\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"word\": \"不堪一击\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪七\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪之物\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānrùmù\", \"word\": \"不堪入目\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānrù'ěr\", \"word\": \"不堪入耳\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānqírǎo\", \"word\": \"不堪其擾\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānqírǎo\", \"word\": \"不堪其扰\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānhuíshǒu\", \"word\": \"不堪回首\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪言狀\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪言状\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānshèxiǎng\", \"word\": \"不堪設想\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānshèxiǎng\", \"word\": \"不堪设想\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪負荷\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪负荷\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪造就\"}, {\"word\": \"不復堪命\"}, {\"word\": \"不复堪命\"}, {\"word\": \"仲堪\"}, {\"word\": \"任堪\"}, {\"word\": \"何堪\"}, {\"word\": \"依瑪堪\"}, {\"word\": \"依玛堪\"}, {\"word\": \"克堪\"}, {\"word\": \"凌亂不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"可堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"guóbùkān'èr\", \"word\": \"國不堪貳\"}, {\"roman\": \"guóbùkān'èr\", \"word\": \"国不堪贰\"}, {\"word\": \"堪㐨\"}, {\"word\": \"堪可\"}, {\"word\": \"堪坏\"}, {\"roman\": \"Kānpéilā\", \"word\": \"堪培拉\"}, {\"word\": \"堪堪\"}, {\"word\": \"堪士\"}, {\"word\": \"堪巖\"}, {\"word\": \"堪岩\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānbù\", \"word\": \"堪布\"}, {\"word\": \"堪忍\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyōu\", \"word\": \"堪憂\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyōu\", \"word\": \"堪忧\"}, {\"word\": \"堪比\"}, {\"word\": \"堪火\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānchēng\", \"word\": \"堪稱\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānchēng\", \"word\": \"堪称\"}, {\"word\": \"堪笑\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānnéng\", \"word\": \"堪能\"}, {\"word\": \"堪薩\"}, {\"word\": \"堪萨\"}, {\"roman\": \"Kānsàsī\", \"word\": \"堪薩斯\"}, {\"roman\": \"Kānsàsī\", \"word\": \"堪萨斯\"}, {\"word\": \"堪薩斯州\"}, {\"word\": \"堪萨斯州\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyú\", \"word\": \"堪虞\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyú\", \"word\": \"堪輿\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyú\", \"word\": \"堪舆\"}, {\"word\": \"堪輿家\"}, {\"word\": \"堪舆家\"}, {\"roman\": \"kāndáhǎn\", \"word\": \"堪達罕\"}, {\"roman\": \"kāndáhǎn\", \"word\": \"堪达罕\"}, {\"word\": \"富堪敵國\"}, {\"word\": \"富堪敌国\"}, {\"word\": \"差堪\"}, {\"word\": \"弗堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"qínghéyǐkān\", \"word\": \"情何以堪\"}, {\"word\": \"擁擠不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"拥挤不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"Sīkāndínàwéiyà\", \"word\": \"斯堪的納維亞\"}, {\"roman\": \"Sīkāndínàwéiyà\", \"word\": \"斯堪的纳维亚\"}, {\"roman\": \"ē-kham-tit\", \"word\": \"會堪得\"}, {\"roman\": \"ē-kham-tit\", \"word\": \"会堪得\"}, {\"word\": \"民不堪命\"}, {\"word\": \"無堪\"}, {\"word\": \"无堪\"}, {\"word\": \"狼狽不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"狼狈不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"痛不堪忍\"}, {\"word\": \"百無一堪\"}, {\"word\": \"百无一堪\"}, {\"word\": \"石堪子\"}, {\"word\": \"破敗不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"破败不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"pòlànbùkān\", \"word\": \"破爛不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"pòlànbùkān\", \"word\": \"破烂不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"破舊不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"破旧不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"秀色堪餐\"}, {\"word\": \"自堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"kǔbùkānyán\", \"word\": \"苦不堪言\"}, {\"word\": \"誰堪\"}, {\"word\": \"谁堪\"}, {\"word\": \"那堪\"}, {\"word\": \"鄙俗不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"門堪羅雀\"}, {\"word\": \"门堪罗雀\"}, {\"word\": \"門庭冷落，門堪羅雀\"}, {\"word\": \"门庭冷落，门堪罗雀\"}, {\"roman\": \"nánkān\", \"word\": \"難堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"nánkān\", \"word\": \"难堪\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)\", \"name\": \"Han etyl\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han phono-semantic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"psc\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"\", \"pron\": \"OC *kʰluːm\"}, \"expansion\": \"Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han ideogrammic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ic\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"y\", \"pron\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"土\", \"2\": \"甚\", \"c1\": \"s\", \"c2\": \"p\", \"ls\": \"psc\", \"ls2\": \"ic\", \"t1\": \"earth\", \"t2\": \"extreme, profound\"}, \"expansion\": \"Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm) and ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums, “extreme, profound”)\", \"name\": \"Han compound\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"sit\", \"3\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Sino-Tibetan\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"my\", \"2\": \"ခံ\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to receive; to endure\"}, \"expansion\": \"Burmese ခံ (hkam, “to receive; to endure”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"kac\", \"2\": \"khàm\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to endure\"}, \"expansion\": \"Jingpho khàm (“to endure”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Schuessler, 2007\"}, \"expansion\": \"Schuessler, 2007\", \"name\": \"zh-ref\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)\\nPhono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm) and ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums, “extreme, profound”) — originally meaning “heavy mountain/earthen protrusion”, it later came to signify the act of “enduring” that earth's weight.\\nSino-Tibetan; compare Burmese ခံ (hkam, “to receive; to endure”), Jingpho khàm (“to endure”) (Schuessler, 2007).\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"hanzi\"}, \"expansion\": \"堪\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"lang_code\": \"zh\", \"pos\": \"character\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"Chinese links with redundant alt parameters\", \"Chinese links with redundant wikilinks\", \"Literary Chinese terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"english\": \"When flowers bloom and you’re able to do so, pick them immediately: don’t wait until there are none left to only pick twigs.\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Classical Chinese\", \"Traditional Chinese\"], \"ref\": \" Tang dynasty, author unknown, traditionally ascribed to Du Qiuniang (杜秋娘), 金縷衣 (jīnlǚyī)\", \"roman\": \"Huā kāi kān zhé zhíxū zhé, mò dài wú huā kōng zhé zhī.\", \"tags\": [\"Pinyin\"], \"text\": \"花開堪折直須折，莫待無花空折枝。\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"english\": \"When flowers bloom and you’re able to do so, pick them immediately: don’t wait until there are none left to only pick twigs.\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Classical Chinese\", \"Simplified Chinese\"], \"ref\": \" Tang dynasty, author unknown, traditionally ascribed to Du Qiuniang (杜秋娘), 金縷衣 (jīnlǚyī)\", \"roman\": \"Huā kāi kān zhé zhíxū zhé, mò dài wú huā kōng zhé zhī.\", \"tags\": [\"Pinyin\"], \"text\": \"花开堪折直须折，莫待无花空折枝。\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"may; can; to be capable of; to be able to\"], \"links\": [[\"may\", \"may\"], [\"can\", \"can\"], [\"capable\", \"capable\"], [\"able\", \"able\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"Mandarin terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"english\": \"cannot withstand a single blow\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Traditional Chinese\"], \"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"text\": \"不堪一擊\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"english\": \"cannot withstand a single blow\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Simplified Chinese\"], \"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"text\": \"不堪一击\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"to bear; to stand; to resist; to endure\"], \"links\": [[\"bear\", \"bear\"], [\"stand\", \"stand\"], [\"resist\", \"resist\"], [\"endure\", \"endure\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"Chinese terms with obsolete senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"protrusion in the earth\"], \"links\": [[\"protrusion\", \"protrusion\"], [\"earth\", \"earth\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) protrusion in the earth\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kān\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kan¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄎㄢ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ham¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\", \"Sixian\"], \"zh-pron\": \"khâm\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"káng\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kham\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Peng'im\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kam¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hanyu-Pinyin\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kān\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Tongyong-Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kan\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Wade-Giles\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kʻan¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kān\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kan\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"кань\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kanʹ\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰän⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ham¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"hām\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ham¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"hem¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/hɐm⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\"], \"zh-pron\": \"khâm\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Hakka-Romanization-System\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kam^ˊ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hagfa-Pinyim\", \"Hakka\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kam¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Jian'ou\", \"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized\"], \"zh-pron\": \"káng\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰaŋ⁵⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Jian'ou\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kham\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"qafm\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Xiamen\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Taipei\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"POJ\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kham\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Teochew\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Middle-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"khom\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Baxter-Sagart\", \"Old-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*[kʰ]ˤ[ə]m/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Old-Chinese\", \"Zhengzhang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*kʰluːm/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰän⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/hɐm⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam²⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰaŋ⁵⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\"}, {\"other\": \"[kʰ]\"}, {\"other\": \"[ə]\"}, {\"other\": \"/*kʰluːm/\"}], \"word\": \"堪\"}",
  "path": [],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "character",
  "title": "堪",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
  "msg": "堪/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Hong-Kong not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Chinese entries with incorrect language header\", \"Chinese hanzi\", \"Chinese lemmas\", \"Chinese nouns\", \"Chinese terms derived from Sino-Tibetan languages\", \"Chinese terms spelled with 堪\", \"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Chinese verbs\", \"Middle Chinese hanzi\", \"Middle Chinese lemmas\", \"Middle Chinese nouns\", \"Middle Chinese verbs\", \"Northern Min hanzi\", \"Northern Min lemmas\", \"Northern Min nouns\", \"Northern Min verbs\", \"Old Chinese hanzi\", \"Old Chinese lemmas\", \"Old Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese verbs\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"七不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkān\", \"word\": \"不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"word\": \"不堪一擊\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"word\": \"不堪一击\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪七\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪之物\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānrùmù\", \"word\": \"不堪入目\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānrù'ěr\", \"word\": \"不堪入耳\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānqírǎo\", \"word\": \"不堪其擾\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānqírǎo\", \"word\": \"不堪其扰\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānhuíshǒu\", \"word\": \"不堪回首\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪言狀\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪言状\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānshèxiǎng\", \"word\": \"不堪設想\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānshèxiǎng\", \"word\": \"不堪设想\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪負荷\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪负荷\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪造就\"}, {\"word\": \"不復堪命\"}, {\"word\": \"不复堪命\"}, {\"word\": \"仲堪\"}, {\"word\": \"任堪\"}, {\"word\": \"何堪\"}, {\"word\": \"依瑪堪\"}, {\"word\": \"依玛堪\"}, {\"word\": \"克堪\"}, {\"word\": \"凌亂不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"可堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"guóbùkān'èr\", \"word\": \"國不堪貳\"}, {\"roman\": \"guóbùkān'èr\", \"word\": \"国不堪贰\"}, {\"word\": \"堪㐨\"}, {\"word\": \"堪可\"}, {\"word\": \"堪坏\"}, {\"roman\": \"Kānpéilā\", \"word\": \"堪培拉\"}, {\"word\": \"堪堪\"}, {\"word\": \"堪士\"}, {\"word\": \"堪巖\"}, {\"word\": \"堪岩\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānbù\", \"word\": \"堪布\"}, {\"word\": \"堪忍\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyōu\", \"word\": \"堪憂\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyōu\", \"word\": \"堪忧\"}, {\"word\": \"堪比\"}, {\"word\": \"堪火\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānchēng\", \"word\": \"堪稱\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānchēng\", \"word\": \"堪称\"}, {\"word\": \"堪笑\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānnéng\", \"word\": \"堪能\"}, {\"word\": \"堪薩\"}, {\"word\": \"堪萨\"}, {\"roman\": \"Kānsàsī\", \"word\": \"堪薩斯\"}, {\"roman\": \"Kānsàsī\", \"word\": \"堪萨斯\"}, {\"word\": \"堪薩斯州\"}, {\"word\": \"堪萨斯州\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyú\", \"word\": \"堪虞\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyú\", \"word\": \"堪輿\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyú\", \"word\": \"堪舆\"}, {\"word\": \"堪輿家\"}, {\"word\": \"堪舆家\"}, {\"roman\": \"kāndáhǎn\", \"word\": \"堪達罕\"}, {\"roman\": \"kāndáhǎn\", \"word\": \"堪达罕\"}, {\"word\": \"富堪敵國\"}, {\"word\": \"富堪敌国\"}, {\"word\": \"差堪\"}, {\"word\": \"弗堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"qínghéyǐkān\", \"word\": \"情何以堪\"}, {\"word\": \"擁擠不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"拥挤不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"Sīkāndínàwéiyà\", \"word\": \"斯堪的納維亞\"}, {\"roman\": \"Sīkāndínàwéiyà\", \"word\": \"斯堪的纳维亚\"}, {\"roman\": \"ē-kham-tit\", \"word\": \"會堪得\"}, {\"roman\": \"ē-kham-tit\", \"word\": \"会堪得\"}, {\"word\": \"民不堪命\"}, {\"word\": \"無堪\"}, {\"word\": \"无堪\"}, {\"word\": \"狼狽不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"狼狈不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"痛不堪忍\"}, {\"word\": \"百無一堪\"}, {\"word\": \"百无一堪\"}, {\"word\": \"石堪子\"}, {\"word\": \"破敗不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"破败不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"pòlànbùkān\", \"word\": \"破爛不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"pòlànbùkān\", \"word\": \"破烂不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"破舊不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"破旧不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"秀色堪餐\"}, {\"word\": \"自堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"kǔbùkānyán\", \"word\": \"苦不堪言\"}, {\"word\": \"誰堪\"}, {\"word\": \"谁堪\"}, {\"word\": \"那堪\"}, {\"word\": \"鄙俗不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"門堪羅雀\"}, {\"word\": \"门堪罗雀\"}, {\"word\": \"門庭冷落，門堪羅雀\"}, {\"word\": \"门庭冷落，门堪罗雀\"}, {\"roman\": \"nánkān\", \"word\": \"難堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"nánkān\", \"word\": \"难堪\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)\", \"name\": \"Han etyl\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han phono-semantic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"psc\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"\", \"pron\": \"OC *kʰluːm\"}, \"expansion\": \"Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han ideogrammic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ic\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"y\", \"pron\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"土\", \"2\": \"甚\", \"c1\": \"s\", \"c2\": \"p\", \"ls\": \"psc\", \"ls2\": \"ic\", \"t1\": \"earth\", \"t2\": \"extreme, profound\"}, \"expansion\": \"Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm) and ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums, “extreme, profound”)\", \"name\": \"Han compound\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"sit\", \"3\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Sino-Tibetan\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"my\", \"2\": \"ခံ\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to receive; to endure\"}, \"expansion\": \"Burmese ခံ (hkam, “to receive; to endure”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"kac\", \"2\": \"khàm\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to endure\"}, \"expansion\": \"Jingpho khàm (“to endure”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Schuessler, 2007\"}, \"expansion\": \"Schuessler, 2007\", \"name\": \"zh-ref\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)\\nPhono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm) and ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums, “extreme, profound”) — originally meaning “heavy mountain/earthen protrusion”, it later came to signify the act of “enduring” that earth's weight.\\nSino-Tibetan; compare Burmese ခံ (hkam, “to receive; to endure”), Jingpho khàm (“to endure”) (Schuessler, 2007).\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"hanzi\"}, \"expansion\": \"堪\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"lang_code\": \"zh\", \"pos\": \"character\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"Chinese links with redundant alt parameters\", \"Chinese links with redundant wikilinks\", \"Literary Chinese terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"english\": \"When flowers bloom and you’re able to do so, pick them immediately: don’t wait until there are none left to only pick twigs.\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Classical Chinese\", \"Traditional Chinese\"], \"ref\": \" Tang dynasty, author unknown, traditionally ascribed to Du Qiuniang (杜秋娘), 金縷衣 (jīnlǚyī)\", \"roman\": \"Huā kāi kān zhé zhíxū zhé, mò dài wú huā kōng zhé zhī.\", \"tags\": [\"Pinyin\"], \"text\": \"花開堪折直須折，莫待無花空折枝。\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"english\": \"When flowers bloom and you’re able to do so, pick them immediately: don’t wait until there are none left to only pick twigs.\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Classical Chinese\", \"Simplified Chinese\"], \"ref\": \" Tang dynasty, author unknown, traditionally ascribed to Du Qiuniang (杜秋娘), 金縷衣 (jīnlǚyī)\", \"roman\": \"Huā kāi kān zhé zhíxū zhé, mò dài wú huā kōng zhé zhī.\", \"tags\": [\"Pinyin\"], \"text\": \"花开堪折直须折，莫待无花空折枝。\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"may; can; to be capable of; to be able to\"], \"links\": [[\"may\", \"may\"], [\"can\", \"can\"], [\"capable\", \"capable\"], [\"able\", \"able\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"Mandarin terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"english\": \"cannot withstand a single blow\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Traditional Chinese\"], \"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"text\": \"不堪一擊\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"english\": \"cannot withstand a single blow\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Simplified Chinese\"], \"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"text\": \"不堪一击\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"to bear; to stand; to resist; to endure\"], \"links\": [[\"bear\", \"bear\"], [\"stand\", \"stand\"], [\"resist\", \"resist\"], [\"endure\", \"endure\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"Chinese terms with obsolete senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"protrusion in the earth\"], \"links\": [[\"protrusion\", \"protrusion\"], [\"earth\", \"earth\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) protrusion in the earth\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kān\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kan¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄎㄢ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ham¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\", \"Sixian\"], \"zh-pron\": \"khâm\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"káng\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kham\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Peng'im\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kam¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hanyu-Pinyin\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kān\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Tongyong-Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kan\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Wade-Giles\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kʻan¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kān\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kan\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"кань\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kanʹ\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰän⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ham¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"hām\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ham¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"hem¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/hɐm⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\"], \"zh-pron\": \"khâm\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Hakka-Romanization-System\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kam^ˊ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hagfa-Pinyim\", \"Hakka\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kam¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Jian'ou\", \"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized\"], \"zh-pron\": \"káng\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰaŋ⁵⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Jian'ou\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kham\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"qafm\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Xiamen\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Taipei\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"POJ\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kham\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Teochew\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Middle-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"khom\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Baxter-Sagart\", \"Old-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*[kʰ]ˤ[ə]m/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Old-Chinese\", \"Zhengzhang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*kʰluːm/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰän⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/hɐm⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam²⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰaŋ⁵⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\"}, {\"other\": \"[kʰ]\"}, {\"other\": \"[ə]\"}, {\"other\": \"/*kʰluːm/\"}], \"word\": \"堪\"}",
  "path": [],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "character",
  "title": "堪",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
  "msg": "堪/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Middle-Chinese not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Chinese entries with incorrect language header\", \"Chinese hanzi\", \"Chinese lemmas\", \"Chinese nouns\", \"Chinese terms derived from Sino-Tibetan languages\", \"Chinese terms spelled with 堪\", \"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Chinese verbs\", \"Middle Chinese hanzi\", \"Middle Chinese lemmas\", \"Middle Chinese nouns\", \"Middle Chinese verbs\", \"Northern Min hanzi\", \"Northern Min lemmas\", \"Northern Min nouns\", \"Northern Min verbs\", \"Old Chinese hanzi\", \"Old Chinese lemmas\", \"Old Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese verbs\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"七不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkān\", \"word\": \"不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"word\": \"不堪一擊\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"word\": \"不堪一击\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪七\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪之物\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānrùmù\", \"word\": \"不堪入目\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānrù'ěr\", \"word\": \"不堪入耳\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānqírǎo\", \"word\": \"不堪其擾\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānqírǎo\", \"word\": \"不堪其扰\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānhuíshǒu\", \"word\": \"不堪回首\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪言狀\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪言状\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānshèxiǎng\", \"word\": \"不堪設想\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānshèxiǎng\", \"word\": \"不堪设想\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪負荷\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪负荷\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪造就\"}, {\"word\": \"不復堪命\"}, {\"word\": \"不复堪命\"}, {\"word\": \"仲堪\"}, {\"word\": \"任堪\"}, {\"word\": \"何堪\"}, {\"word\": \"依瑪堪\"}, {\"word\": \"依玛堪\"}, {\"word\": \"克堪\"}, {\"word\": \"凌亂不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"可堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"guóbùkān'èr\", \"word\": \"國不堪貳\"}, {\"roman\": \"guóbùkān'èr\", \"word\": \"国不堪贰\"}, {\"word\": \"堪㐨\"}, {\"word\": \"堪可\"}, {\"word\": \"堪坏\"}, {\"roman\": \"Kānpéilā\", \"word\": \"堪培拉\"}, {\"word\": \"堪堪\"}, {\"word\": \"堪士\"}, {\"word\": \"堪巖\"}, {\"word\": \"堪岩\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānbù\", \"word\": \"堪布\"}, {\"word\": \"堪忍\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyōu\", \"word\": \"堪憂\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyōu\", \"word\": \"堪忧\"}, {\"word\": \"堪比\"}, {\"word\": \"堪火\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānchēng\", \"word\": \"堪稱\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānchēng\", \"word\": \"堪称\"}, {\"word\": \"堪笑\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānnéng\", \"word\": \"堪能\"}, {\"word\": \"堪薩\"}, {\"word\": \"堪萨\"}, {\"roman\": \"Kānsàsī\", \"word\": \"堪薩斯\"}, {\"roman\": \"Kānsàsī\", \"word\": \"堪萨斯\"}, {\"word\": \"堪薩斯州\"}, {\"word\": \"堪萨斯州\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyú\", \"word\": \"堪虞\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyú\", \"word\": \"堪輿\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyú\", \"word\": \"堪舆\"}, {\"word\": \"堪輿家\"}, {\"word\": \"堪舆家\"}, {\"roman\": \"kāndáhǎn\", \"word\": \"堪達罕\"}, {\"roman\": \"kāndáhǎn\", \"word\": \"堪达罕\"}, {\"word\": \"富堪敵國\"}, {\"word\": \"富堪敌国\"}, {\"word\": \"差堪\"}, {\"word\": \"弗堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"qínghéyǐkān\", \"word\": \"情何以堪\"}, {\"word\": \"擁擠不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"拥挤不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"Sīkāndínàwéiyà\", \"word\": \"斯堪的納維亞\"}, {\"roman\": \"Sīkāndínàwéiyà\", \"word\": \"斯堪的纳维亚\"}, {\"roman\": \"ē-kham-tit\", \"word\": \"會堪得\"}, {\"roman\": \"ē-kham-tit\", \"word\": \"会堪得\"}, {\"word\": \"民不堪命\"}, {\"word\": \"無堪\"}, {\"word\": \"无堪\"}, {\"word\": \"狼狽不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"狼狈不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"痛不堪忍\"}, {\"word\": \"百無一堪\"}, {\"word\": \"百无一堪\"}, {\"word\": \"石堪子\"}, {\"word\": \"破敗不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"破败不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"pòlànbùkān\", \"word\": \"破爛不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"pòlànbùkān\", \"word\": \"破烂不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"破舊不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"破旧不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"秀色堪餐\"}, {\"word\": \"自堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"kǔbùkānyán\", \"word\": \"苦不堪言\"}, {\"word\": \"誰堪\"}, {\"word\": \"谁堪\"}, {\"word\": \"那堪\"}, {\"word\": \"鄙俗不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"門堪羅雀\"}, {\"word\": \"门堪罗雀\"}, {\"word\": \"門庭冷落，門堪羅雀\"}, {\"word\": \"门庭冷落，门堪罗雀\"}, {\"roman\": \"nánkān\", \"word\": \"難堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"nánkān\", \"word\": \"难堪\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)\", \"name\": \"Han etyl\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han phono-semantic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"psc\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"\", \"pron\": \"OC *kʰluːm\"}, \"expansion\": \"Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han ideogrammic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ic\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"y\", \"pron\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"土\", \"2\": \"甚\", \"c1\": \"s\", \"c2\": \"p\", \"ls\": \"psc\", \"ls2\": \"ic\", \"t1\": \"earth\", \"t2\": \"extreme, profound\"}, \"expansion\": \"Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm) and ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums, “extreme, profound”)\", \"name\": \"Han compound\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"sit\", \"3\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Sino-Tibetan\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"my\", \"2\": \"ခံ\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to receive; to endure\"}, \"expansion\": \"Burmese ခံ (hkam, “to receive; to endure”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"kac\", \"2\": \"khàm\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to endure\"}, \"expansion\": \"Jingpho khàm (“to endure”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Schuessler, 2007\"}, \"expansion\": \"Schuessler, 2007\", \"name\": \"zh-ref\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)\\nPhono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm) and ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums, “extreme, profound”) — originally meaning “heavy mountain/earthen protrusion”, it later came to signify the act of “enduring” that earth's weight.\\nSino-Tibetan; compare Burmese ခံ (hkam, “to receive; to endure”), Jingpho khàm (“to endure”) (Schuessler, 2007).\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"hanzi\"}, \"expansion\": \"堪\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"lang_code\": \"zh\", \"pos\": \"character\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"Chinese links with redundant alt parameters\", \"Chinese links with redundant wikilinks\", \"Literary Chinese terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"english\": \"When flowers bloom and you’re able to do so, pick them immediately: don’t wait until there are none left to only pick twigs.\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Classical Chinese\", \"Traditional Chinese\"], \"ref\": \" Tang dynasty, author unknown, traditionally ascribed to Du Qiuniang (杜秋娘), 金縷衣 (jīnlǚyī)\", \"roman\": \"Huā kāi kān zhé zhíxū zhé, mò dài wú huā kōng zhé zhī.\", \"tags\": [\"Pinyin\"], \"text\": \"花開堪折直須折，莫待無花空折枝。\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"english\": \"When flowers bloom and you’re able to do so, pick them immediately: don’t wait until there are none left to only pick twigs.\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Classical Chinese\", \"Simplified Chinese\"], \"ref\": \" Tang dynasty, author unknown, traditionally ascribed to Du Qiuniang (杜秋娘), 金縷衣 (jīnlǚyī)\", \"roman\": \"Huā kāi kān zhé zhíxū zhé, mò dài wú huā kōng zhé zhī.\", \"tags\": [\"Pinyin\"], \"text\": \"花开堪折直须折，莫待无花空折枝。\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"may; can; to be capable of; to be able to\"], \"links\": [[\"may\", \"may\"], [\"can\", \"can\"], [\"capable\", \"capable\"], [\"able\", \"able\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"Mandarin terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"english\": \"cannot withstand a single blow\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Traditional Chinese\"], \"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"text\": \"不堪一擊\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"english\": \"cannot withstand a single blow\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Simplified Chinese\"], \"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"text\": \"不堪一击\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"to bear; to stand; to resist; to endure\"], \"links\": [[\"bear\", \"bear\"], [\"stand\", \"stand\"], [\"resist\", \"resist\"], [\"endure\", \"endure\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"Chinese terms with obsolete senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"protrusion in the earth\"], \"links\": [[\"protrusion\", \"protrusion\"], [\"earth\", \"earth\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) protrusion in the earth\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kān\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kan¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄎㄢ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ham¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\", \"Sixian\"], \"zh-pron\": \"khâm\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"káng\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kham\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Peng'im\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kam¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hanyu-Pinyin\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kān\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Tongyong-Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kan\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Wade-Giles\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kʻan¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kān\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kan\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"кань\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kanʹ\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰän⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ham¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"hām\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ham¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"hem¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/hɐm⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\"], \"zh-pron\": \"khâm\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Hakka-Romanization-System\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kam^ˊ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hagfa-Pinyim\", \"Hakka\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kam¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Jian'ou\", \"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized\"], \"zh-pron\": \"káng\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰaŋ⁵⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Jian'ou\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kham\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"qafm\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Xiamen\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Taipei\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"POJ\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kham\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Teochew\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Middle-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"khom\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Baxter-Sagart\", \"Old-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*[kʰ]ˤ[ə]m/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Old-Chinese\", \"Zhengzhang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*kʰluːm/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰän⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/hɐm⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam²⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰaŋ⁵⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\"}, {\"other\": \"[kʰ]\"}, {\"other\": \"[ə]\"}, {\"other\": \"/*kʰluːm/\"}], \"word\": \"堪\"}",
  "path": [],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "character",
  "title": "堪",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
  "msg": "堪/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Baxter-Sagart not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Chinese entries with incorrect language header\", \"Chinese hanzi\", \"Chinese lemmas\", \"Chinese nouns\", \"Chinese terms derived from Sino-Tibetan languages\", \"Chinese terms spelled with 堪\", \"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Chinese verbs\", \"Middle Chinese hanzi\", \"Middle Chinese lemmas\", \"Middle Chinese nouns\", \"Middle Chinese verbs\", \"Northern Min hanzi\", \"Northern Min lemmas\", \"Northern Min nouns\", \"Northern Min verbs\", \"Old Chinese hanzi\", \"Old Chinese lemmas\", \"Old Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese verbs\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"七不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkān\", \"word\": \"不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"word\": \"不堪一擊\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"word\": \"不堪一击\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪七\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪之物\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānrùmù\", \"word\": \"不堪入目\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānrù'ěr\", \"word\": \"不堪入耳\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānqírǎo\", \"word\": \"不堪其擾\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānqírǎo\", \"word\": \"不堪其扰\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānhuíshǒu\", \"word\": \"不堪回首\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪言狀\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪言状\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānshèxiǎng\", \"word\": \"不堪設想\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānshèxiǎng\", \"word\": \"不堪设想\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪負荷\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪负荷\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪造就\"}, {\"word\": \"不復堪命\"}, {\"word\": \"不复堪命\"}, {\"word\": \"仲堪\"}, {\"word\": \"任堪\"}, {\"word\": \"何堪\"}, {\"word\": \"依瑪堪\"}, {\"word\": \"依玛堪\"}, {\"word\": \"克堪\"}, {\"word\": \"凌亂不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"可堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"guóbùkān'èr\", \"word\": \"國不堪貳\"}, {\"roman\": \"guóbùkān'èr\", \"word\": \"国不堪贰\"}, {\"word\": \"堪㐨\"}, {\"word\": \"堪可\"}, {\"word\": \"堪坏\"}, {\"roman\": \"Kānpéilā\", \"word\": \"堪培拉\"}, {\"word\": \"堪堪\"}, {\"word\": \"堪士\"}, {\"word\": \"堪巖\"}, {\"word\": \"堪岩\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānbù\", \"word\": \"堪布\"}, {\"word\": \"堪忍\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyōu\", \"word\": \"堪憂\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyōu\", \"word\": \"堪忧\"}, {\"word\": \"堪比\"}, {\"word\": \"堪火\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānchēng\", \"word\": \"堪稱\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānchēng\", \"word\": \"堪称\"}, {\"word\": \"堪笑\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānnéng\", \"word\": \"堪能\"}, {\"word\": \"堪薩\"}, {\"word\": \"堪萨\"}, {\"roman\": \"Kānsàsī\", \"word\": \"堪薩斯\"}, {\"roman\": \"Kānsàsī\", \"word\": \"堪萨斯\"}, {\"word\": \"堪薩斯州\"}, {\"word\": \"堪萨斯州\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyú\", \"word\": \"堪虞\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyú\", \"word\": \"堪輿\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyú\", \"word\": \"堪舆\"}, {\"word\": \"堪輿家\"}, {\"word\": \"堪舆家\"}, {\"roman\": \"kāndáhǎn\", \"word\": \"堪達罕\"}, {\"roman\": \"kāndáhǎn\", \"word\": \"堪达罕\"}, {\"word\": \"富堪敵國\"}, {\"word\": \"富堪敌国\"}, {\"word\": \"差堪\"}, {\"word\": \"弗堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"qínghéyǐkān\", \"word\": \"情何以堪\"}, {\"word\": \"擁擠不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"拥挤不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"Sīkāndínàwéiyà\", \"word\": \"斯堪的納維亞\"}, {\"roman\": \"Sīkāndínàwéiyà\", \"word\": \"斯堪的纳维亚\"}, {\"roman\": \"ē-kham-tit\", \"word\": \"會堪得\"}, {\"roman\": \"ē-kham-tit\", \"word\": \"会堪得\"}, {\"word\": \"民不堪命\"}, {\"word\": \"無堪\"}, {\"word\": \"无堪\"}, {\"word\": \"狼狽不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"狼狈不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"痛不堪忍\"}, {\"word\": \"百無一堪\"}, {\"word\": \"百无一堪\"}, {\"word\": \"石堪子\"}, {\"word\": \"破敗不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"破败不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"pòlànbùkān\", \"word\": \"破爛不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"pòlànbùkān\", \"word\": \"破烂不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"破舊不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"破旧不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"秀色堪餐\"}, {\"word\": \"自堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"kǔbùkānyán\", \"word\": \"苦不堪言\"}, {\"word\": \"誰堪\"}, {\"word\": \"谁堪\"}, {\"word\": \"那堪\"}, {\"word\": \"鄙俗不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"門堪羅雀\"}, {\"word\": \"门堪罗雀\"}, {\"word\": \"門庭冷落，門堪羅雀\"}, {\"word\": \"门庭冷落，门堪罗雀\"}, {\"roman\": \"nánkān\", \"word\": \"難堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"nánkān\", \"word\": \"难堪\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)\", \"name\": \"Han etyl\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han phono-semantic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"psc\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"\", \"pron\": \"OC *kʰluːm\"}, \"expansion\": \"Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han ideogrammic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ic\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"y\", \"pron\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"土\", \"2\": \"甚\", \"c1\": \"s\", \"c2\": \"p\", \"ls\": \"psc\", \"ls2\": \"ic\", \"t1\": \"earth\", \"t2\": \"extreme, profound\"}, \"expansion\": \"Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm) and ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums, “extreme, profound”)\", \"name\": \"Han compound\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"sit\", \"3\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Sino-Tibetan\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"my\", \"2\": \"ခံ\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to receive; to endure\"}, \"expansion\": \"Burmese ခံ (hkam, “to receive; to endure”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"kac\", \"2\": \"khàm\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to endure\"}, \"expansion\": \"Jingpho khàm (“to endure”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Schuessler, 2007\"}, \"expansion\": \"Schuessler, 2007\", \"name\": \"zh-ref\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)\\nPhono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm) and ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums, “extreme, profound”) — originally meaning “heavy mountain/earthen protrusion”, it later came to signify the act of “enduring” that earth's weight.\\nSino-Tibetan; compare Burmese ခံ (hkam, “to receive; to endure”), Jingpho khàm (“to endure”) (Schuessler, 2007).\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"hanzi\"}, \"expansion\": \"堪\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"lang_code\": \"zh\", \"pos\": \"character\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"Chinese links with redundant alt parameters\", \"Chinese links with redundant wikilinks\", \"Literary Chinese terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"english\": \"When flowers bloom and you’re able to do so, pick them immediately: don’t wait until there are none left to only pick twigs.\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Classical Chinese\", \"Traditional Chinese\"], \"ref\": \" Tang dynasty, author unknown, traditionally ascribed to Du Qiuniang (杜秋娘), 金縷衣 (jīnlǚyī)\", \"roman\": \"Huā kāi kān zhé zhíxū zhé, mò dài wú huā kōng zhé zhī.\", \"tags\": [\"Pinyin\"], \"text\": \"花開堪折直須折，莫待無花空折枝。\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"english\": \"When flowers bloom and you’re able to do so, pick them immediately: don’t wait until there are none left to only pick twigs.\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Classical Chinese\", \"Simplified Chinese\"], \"ref\": \" Tang dynasty, author unknown, traditionally ascribed to Du Qiuniang (杜秋娘), 金縷衣 (jīnlǚyī)\", \"roman\": \"Huā kāi kān zhé zhíxū zhé, mò dài wú huā kōng zhé zhī.\", \"tags\": [\"Pinyin\"], \"text\": \"花开堪折直须折，莫待无花空折枝。\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"may; can; to be capable of; to be able to\"], \"links\": [[\"may\", \"may\"], [\"can\", \"can\"], [\"capable\", \"capable\"], [\"able\", \"able\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"Mandarin terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"english\": \"cannot withstand a single blow\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Traditional Chinese\"], \"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"text\": \"不堪一擊\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"english\": \"cannot withstand a single blow\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Simplified Chinese\"], \"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"text\": \"不堪一击\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"to bear; to stand; to resist; to endure\"], \"links\": [[\"bear\", \"bear\"], [\"stand\", \"stand\"], [\"resist\", \"resist\"], [\"endure\", \"endure\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"Chinese terms with obsolete senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"protrusion in the earth\"], \"links\": [[\"protrusion\", \"protrusion\"], [\"earth\", \"earth\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) protrusion in the earth\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kān\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kan¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄎㄢ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ham¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\", \"Sixian\"], \"zh-pron\": \"khâm\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"káng\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kham\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Peng'im\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kam¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hanyu-Pinyin\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kān\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Tongyong-Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kan\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Wade-Giles\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kʻan¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kān\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kan\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"кань\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kanʹ\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰän⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ham¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"hām\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ham¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"hem¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/hɐm⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\"], \"zh-pron\": \"khâm\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Hakka-Romanization-System\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kam^ˊ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hagfa-Pinyim\", \"Hakka\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kam¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Jian'ou\", \"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized\"], \"zh-pron\": \"káng\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰaŋ⁵⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Jian'ou\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kham\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"qafm\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Xiamen\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Taipei\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"POJ\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kham\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Teochew\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Middle-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"khom\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Baxter-Sagart\", \"Old-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*[kʰ]ˤ[ə]m/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Old-Chinese\", \"Zhengzhang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*kʰluːm/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰän⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/hɐm⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam²⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰaŋ⁵⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\"}, {\"other\": \"[kʰ]\"}, {\"other\": \"[ə]\"}, {\"other\": \"/*kʰluːm/\"}], \"word\": \"堪\"}",
  "path": [],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "character",
  "title": "堪",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
  "msg": "堪/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Old-Chinese not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Chinese entries with incorrect language header\", \"Chinese hanzi\", \"Chinese lemmas\", \"Chinese nouns\", \"Chinese terms derived from Sino-Tibetan languages\", \"Chinese terms spelled with 堪\", \"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Chinese verbs\", \"Middle Chinese hanzi\", \"Middle Chinese lemmas\", \"Middle Chinese nouns\", \"Middle Chinese verbs\", \"Northern Min hanzi\", \"Northern Min lemmas\", \"Northern Min nouns\", \"Northern Min verbs\", \"Old Chinese hanzi\", \"Old Chinese lemmas\", \"Old Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese verbs\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"七不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkān\", \"word\": \"不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"word\": \"不堪一擊\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"word\": \"不堪一击\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪七\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪之物\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānrùmù\", \"word\": \"不堪入目\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānrù'ěr\", \"word\": \"不堪入耳\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānqírǎo\", \"word\": \"不堪其擾\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānqírǎo\", \"word\": \"不堪其扰\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānhuíshǒu\", \"word\": \"不堪回首\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪言狀\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪言状\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānshèxiǎng\", \"word\": \"不堪設想\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānshèxiǎng\", \"word\": \"不堪设想\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪負荷\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪负荷\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪造就\"}, {\"word\": \"不復堪命\"}, {\"word\": \"不复堪命\"}, {\"word\": \"仲堪\"}, {\"word\": \"任堪\"}, {\"word\": \"何堪\"}, {\"word\": \"依瑪堪\"}, {\"word\": \"依玛堪\"}, {\"word\": \"克堪\"}, {\"word\": \"凌亂不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"可堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"guóbùkān'èr\", \"word\": \"國不堪貳\"}, {\"roman\": \"guóbùkān'èr\", \"word\": \"国不堪贰\"}, {\"word\": \"堪㐨\"}, {\"word\": \"堪可\"}, {\"word\": \"堪坏\"}, {\"roman\": \"Kānpéilā\", \"word\": \"堪培拉\"}, {\"word\": \"堪堪\"}, {\"word\": \"堪士\"}, {\"word\": \"堪巖\"}, {\"word\": \"堪岩\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānbù\", \"word\": \"堪布\"}, {\"word\": \"堪忍\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyōu\", \"word\": \"堪憂\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyōu\", \"word\": \"堪忧\"}, {\"word\": \"堪比\"}, {\"word\": \"堪火\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānchēng\", \"word\": \"堪稱\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānchēng\", \"word\": \"堪称\"}, {\"word\": \"堪笑\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānnéng\", \"word\": \"堪能\"}, {\"word\": \"堪薩\"}, {\"word\": \"堪萨\"}, {\"roman\": \"Kānsàsī\", \"word\": \"堪薩斯\"}, {\"roman\": \"Kānsàsī\", \"word\": \"堪萨斯\"}, {\"word\": \"堪薩斯州\"}, {\"word\": \"堪萨斯州\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyú\", \"word\": \"堪虞\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyú\", \"word\": \"堪輿\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyú\", \"word\": \"堪舆\"}, {\"word\": \"堪輿家\"}, {\"word\": \"堪舆家\"}, {\"roman\": \"kāndáhǎn\", \"word\": \"堪達罕\"}, {\"roman\": \"kāndáhǎn\", \"word\": \"堪达罕\"}, {\"word\": \"富堪敵國\"}, {\"word\": \"富堪敌国\"}, {\"word\": \"差堪\"}, {\"word\": \"弗堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"qínghéyǐkān\", \"word\": \"情何以堪\"}, {\"word\": \"擁擠不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"拥挤不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"Sīkāndínàwéiyà\", \"word\": \"斯堪的納維亞\"}, {\"roman\": \"Sīkāndínàwéiyà\", \"word\": \"斯堪的纳维亚\"}, {\"roman\": \"ē-kham-tit\", \"word\": \"會堪得\"}, {\"roman\": \"ē-kham-tit\", \"word\": \"会堪得\"}, {\"word\": \"民不堪命\"}, {\"word\": \"無堪\"}, {\"word\": \"无堪\"}, {\"word\": \"狼狽不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"狼狈不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"痛不堪忍\"}, {\"word\": \"百無一堪\"}, {\"word\": \"百无一堪\"}, {\"word\": \"石堪子\"}, {\"word\": \"破敗不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"破败不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"pòlànbùkān\", \"word\": \"破爛不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"pòlànbùkān\", \"word\": \"破烂不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"破舊不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"破旧不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"秀色堪餐\"}, {\"word\": \"自堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"kǔbùkānyán\", \"word\": \"苦不堪言\"}, {\"word\": \"誰堪\"}, {\"word\": \"谁堪\"}, {\"word\": \"那堪\"}, {\"word\": \"鄙俗不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"門堪羅雀\"}, {\"word\": \"门堪罗雀\"}, {\"word\": \"門庭冷落，門堪羅雀\"}, {\"word\": \"门庭冷落，门堪罗雀\"}, {\"roman\": \"nánkān\", \"word\": \"難堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"nánkān\", \"word\": \"难堪\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)\", \"name\": \"Han etyl\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han phono-semantic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"psc\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"\", \"pron\": \"OC *kʰluːm\"}, \"expansion\": \"Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han ideogrammic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ic\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"y\", \"pron\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"土\", \"2\": \"甚\", \"c1\": \"s\", \"c2\": \"p\", \"ls\": \"psc\", \"ls2\": \"ic\", \"t1\": \"earth\", \"t2\": \"extreme, profound\"}, \"expansion\": \"Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm) and ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums, “extreme, profound”)\", \"name\": \"Han compound\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"sit\", \"3\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Sino-Tibetan\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"my\", \"2\": \"ခံ\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to receive; to endure\"}, \"expansion\": \"Burmese ခံ (hkam, “to receive; to endure”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"kac\", \"2\": \"khàm\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to endure\"}, \"expansion\": \"Jingpho khàm (“to endure”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Schuessler, 2007\"}, \"expansion\": \"Schuessler, 2007\", \"name\": \"zh-ref\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)\\nPhono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm) and ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums, “extreme, profound”) — originally meaning “heavy mountain/earthen protrusion”, it later came to signify the act of “enduring” that earth's weight.\\nSino-Tibetan; compare Burmese ခံ (hkam, “to receive; to endure”), Jingpho khàm (“to endure”) (Schuessler, 2007).\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"hanzi\"}, \"expansion\": \"堪\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"lang_code\": \"zh\", \"pos\": \"character\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"Chinese links with redundant alt parameters\", \"Chinese links with redundant wikilinks\", \"Literary Chinese terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"english\": \"When flowers bloom and you’re able to do so, pick them immediately: don’t wait until there are none left to only pick twigs.\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Classical Chinese\", \"Traditional Chinese\"], \"ref\": \" Tang dynasty, author unknown, traditionally ascribed to Du Qiuniang (杜秋娘), 金縷衣 (jīnlǚyī)\", \"roman\": \"Huā kāi kān zhé zhíxū zhé, mò dài wú huā kōng zhé zhī.\", \"tags\": [\"Pinyin\"], \"text\": \"花開堪折直須折，莫待無花空折枝。\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"english\": \"When flowers bloom and you’re able to do so, pick them immediately: don’t wait until there are none left to only pick twigs.\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Classical Chinese\", \"Simplified Chinese\"], \"ref\": \" Tang dynasty, author unknown, traditionally ascribed to Du Qiuniang (杜秋娘), 金縷衣 (jīnlǚyī)\", \"roman\": \"Huā kāi kān zhé zhíxū zhé, mò dài wú huā kōng zhé zhī.\", \"tags\": [\"Pinyin\"], \"text\": \"花开堪折直须折，莫待无花空折枝。\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"may; can; to be capable of; to be able to\"], \"links\": [[\"may\", \"may\"], [\"can\", \"can\"], [\"capable\", \"capable\"], [\"able\", \"able\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"Mandarin terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"english\": \"cannot withstand a single blow\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Traditional Chinese\"], \"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"text\": \"不堪一擊\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"english\": \"cannot withstand a single blow\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Simplified Chinese\"], \"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"text\": \"不堪一击\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"to bear; to stand; to resist; to endure\"], \"links\": [[\"bear\", \"bear\"], [\"stand\", \"stand\"], [\"resist\", \"resist\"], [\"endure\", \"endure\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"Chinese terms with obsolete senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"protrusion in the earth\"], \"links\": [[\"protrusion\", \"protrusion\"], [\"earth\", \"earth\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) protrusion in the earth\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kān\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kan¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄎㄢ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ham¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\", \"Sixian\"], \"zh-pron\": \"khâm\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"káng\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kham\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Peng'im\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kam¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hanyu-Pinyin\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kān\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Tongyong-Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kan\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Wade-Giles\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kʻan¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kān\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kan\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"кань\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kanʹ\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰän⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ham¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"hām\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ham¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"hem¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/hɐm⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\"], \"zh-pron\": \"khâm\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Hakka-Romanization-System\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kam^ˊ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hagfa-Pinyim\", \"Hakka\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kam¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Jian'ou\", \"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized\"], \"zh-pron\": \"káng\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰaŋ⁵⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Jian'ou\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kham\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"qafm\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Xiamen\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Taipei\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"POJ\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kham\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Teochew\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Middle-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"khom\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Baxter-Sagart\", \"Old-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*[kʰ]ˤ[ə]m/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Old-Chinese\", \"Zhengzhang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*kʰluːm/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰän⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/hɐm⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam²⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰaŋ⁵⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\"}, {\"other\": \"[kʰ]\"}, {\"other\": \"[ə]\"}, {\"other\": \"/*kʰluːm/\"}], \"word\": \"堪\"}",
  "path": [],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "character",
  "title": "堪",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
  "msg": "堪/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Old-Chinese not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"Chinese entries with incorrect language header\", \"Chinese hanzi\", \"Chinese lemmas\", \"Chinese nouns\", \"Chinese terms derived from Sino-Tibetan languages\", \"Chinese terms spelled with 堪\", \"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation\", \"Chinese verbs\", \"Middle Chinese hanzi\", \"Middle Chinese lemmas\", \"Middle Chinese nouns\", \"Middle Chinese verbs\", \"Northern Min hanzi\", \"Northern Min lemmas\", \"Northern Min nouns\", \"Northern Min verbs\", \"Old Chinese hanzi\", \"Old Chinese lemmas\", \"Old Chinese nouns\", \"Old Chinese verbs\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"七不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkān\", \"word\": \"不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"word\": \"不堪一擊\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"word\": \"不堪一击\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪七\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪之物\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānrùmù\", \"word\": \"不堪入目\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānrù'ěr\", \"word\": \"不堪入耳\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānqírǎo\", \"word\": \"不堪其擾\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānqírǎo\", \"word\": \"不堪其扰\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānhuíshǒu\", \"word\": \"不堪回首\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪言狀\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪言状\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānshèxiǎng\", \"word\": \"不堪設想\"}, {\"roman\": \"bùkānshèxiǎng\", \"word\": \"不堪设想\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪負荷\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪负荷\"}, {\"word\": \"不堪造就\"}, {\"word\": \"不復堪命\"}, {\"word\": \"不复堪命\"}, {\"word\": \"仲堪\"}, {\"word\": \"任堪\"}, {\"word\": \"何堪\"}, {\"word\": \"依瑪堪\"}, {\"word\": \"依玛堪\"}, {\"word\": \"克堪\"}, {\"word\": \"凌亂不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"可堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"guóbùkān'èr\", \"word\": \"國不堪貳\"}, {\"roman\": \"guóbùkān'èr\", \"word\": \"国不堪贰\"}, {\"word\": \"堪㐨\"}, {\"word\": \"堪可\"}, {\"word\": \"堪坏\"}, {\"roman\": \"Kānpéilā\", \"word\": \"堪培拉\"}, {\"word\": \"堪堪\"}, {\"word\": \"堪士\"}, {\"word\": \"堪巖\"}, {\"word\": \"堪岩\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānbù\", \"word\": \"堪布\"}, {\"word\": \"堪忍\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyōu\", \"word\": \"堪憂\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyōu\", \"word\": \"堪忧\"}, {\"word\": \"堪比\"}, {\"word\": \"堪火\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānchēng\", \"word\": \"堪稱\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānchēng\", \"word\": \"堪称\"}, {\"word\": \"堪笑\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānnéng\", \"word\": \"堪能\"}, {\"word\": \"堪薩\"}, {\"word\": \"堪萨\"}, {\"roman\": \"Kānsàsī\", \"word\": \"堪薩斯\"}, {\"roman\": \"Kānsàsī\", \"word\": \"堪萨斯\"}, {\"word\": \"堪薩斯州\"}, {\"word\": \"堪萨斯州\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyú\", \"word\": \"堪虞\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyú\", \"word\": \"堪輿\"}, {\"roman\": \"kānyú\", \"word\": \"堪舆\"}, {\"word\": \"堪輿家\"}, {\"word\": \"堪舆家\"}, {\"roman\": \"kāndáhǎn\", \"word\": \"堪達罕\"}, {\"roman\": \"kāndáhǎn\", \"word\": \"堪达罕\"}, {\"word\": \"富堪敵國\"}, {\"word\": \"富堪敌国\"}, {\"word\": \"差堪\"}, {\"word\": \"弗堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"qínghéyǐkān\", \"word\": \"情何以堪\"}, {\"word\": \"擁擠不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"拥挤不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"Sīkāndínàwéiyà\", \"word\": \"斯堪的納維亞\"}, {\"roman\": \"Sīkāndínàwéiyà\", \"word\": \"斯堪的纳维亚\"}, {\"roman\": \"ē-kham-tit\", \"word\": \"會堪得\"}, {\"roman\": \"ē-kham-tit\", \"word\": \"会堪得\"}, {\"word\": \"民不堪命\"}, {\"word\": \"無堪\"}, {\"word\": \"无堪\"}, {\"word\": \"狼狽不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"狼狈不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"痛不堪忍\"}, {\"word\": \"百無一堪\"}, {\"word\": \"百无一堪\"}, {\"word\": \"石堪子\"}, {\"word\": \"破敗不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"破败不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"pòlànbùkān\", \"word\": \"破爛不堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"pòlànbùkān\", \"word\": \"破烂不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"破舊不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"破旧不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"秀色堪餐\"}, {\"word\": \"自堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"kǔbùkānyán\", \"word\": \"苦不堪言\"}, {\"word\": \"誰堪\"}, {\"word\": \"谁堪\"}, {\"word\": \"那堪\"}, {\"word\": \"鄙俗不堪\"}, {\"word\": \"門堪羅雀\"}, {\"word\": \"门堪罗雀\"}, {\"word\": \"門庭冷落，門堪羅雀\"}, {\"word\": \"门庭冷落，门堪罗雀\"}, {\"roman\": \"nánkān\", \"word\": \"難堪\"}, {\"roman\": \"nánkān\", \"word\": \"难堪\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)\", \"name\": \"Han etyl\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han phono-semantic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"psc\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"\", \"pron\": \"OC *kʰluːm\"}, \"expansion\": \"Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"Han ideogrammic compounds\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"categorize\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ic\", \"adj\": \"\", \"nocap\": \"y\", \"pron\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意)\", \"name\": \"liushu\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"土\", \"2\": \"甚\", \"c1\": \"s\", \"c2\": \"p\", \"ls\": \"psc\", \"ls2\": \"ic\", \"t1\": \"earth\", \"t2\": \"extreme, profound\"}, \"expansion\": \"Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm) and ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums, “extreme, profound”)\", \"name\": \"Han compound\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"sit\", \"3\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Sino-Tibetan\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"my\", \"2\": \"ခံ\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to receive; to endure\"}, \"expansion\": \"Burmese ခံ (hkam, “to receive; to endure”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"kac\", \"2\": \"khàm\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to endure\"}, \"expansion\": \"Jingpho khàm (“to endure”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"Schuessler, 2007\"}, \"expansion\": \"Schuessler, 2007\", \"name\": \"zh-ref\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Characters in the same phonetic series (甚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)\\nPhono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *kʰluːm) and ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意): semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 甚 (OC *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums, “extreme, profound”) — originally meaning “heavy mountain/earthen protrusion”, it later came to signify the act of “enduring” that earth's weight.\\nSino-Tibetan; compare Burmese ခံ (hkam, “to receive; to endure”), Jingpho khàm (“to endure”) (Schuessler, 2007).\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"hanzi\"}, \"expansion\": \"堪\", \"name\": \"head\"}], \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"lang_code\": \"zh\", \"pos\": \"character\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"Chinese links with redundant alt parameters\", \"Chinese links with redundant wikilinks\", \"Literary Chinese terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"english\": \"When flowers bloom and you’re able to do so, pick them immediately: don’t wait until there are none left to only pick twigs.\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Classical Chinese\", \"Traditional Chinese\"], \"ref\": \" Tang dynasty, author unknown, traditionally ascribed to Du Qiuniang (杜秋娘), 金縷衣 (jīnlǚyī)\", \"roman\": \"Huā kāi kān zhé zhíxū zhé, mò dài wú huā kōng zhé zhī.\", \"tags\": [\"Pinyin\"], \"text\": \"花開堪折直須折，莫待無花空折枝。\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"english\": \"When flowers bloom and you’re able to do so, pick them immediately: don’t wait until there are none left to only pick twigs.\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Classical Chinese\", \"Simplified Chinese\"], \"ref\": \" Tang dynasty, author unknown, traditionally ascribed to Du Qiuniang (杜秋娘), 金縷衣 (jīnlǚyī)\", \"roman\": \"Huā kāi kān zhé zhíxū zhé, mò dài wú huā kōng zhé zhī.\", \"tags\": [\"Pinyin\"], \"text\": \"花开堪折直须折，莫待无花空折枝。\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"may; can; to be capable of; to be able to\"], \"links\": [[\"may\", \"may\"], [\"can\", \"can\"], [\"capable\", \"capable\"], [\"able\", \"able\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"Mandarin terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"english\": \"cannot withstand a single blow\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Traditional Chinese\"], \"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"text\": \"不堪一擊\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"english\": \"cannot withstand a single blow\", \"raw_tags\": [\"Simplified Chinese\"], \"roman\": \"bùkānyījī\", \"text\": \"不堪一击\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"to bear; to stand; to resist; to endure\"], \"links\": [[\"bear\", \"bear\"], [\"stand\", \"stand\"], [\"resist\", \"resist\"], [\"endure\", \"endure\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"Chinese terms with obsolete senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"protrusion in the earth\"], \"links\": [[\"protrusion\", \"protrusion\"], [\"earth\", \"earth\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) protrusion in the earth\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kān\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kan¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"bopomofo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ㄎㄢ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ham¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\", \"Sixian\"], \"zh-pron\": \"khâm\"}, {\"zh-pron\": \"káng\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"POJ\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kham\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Peng'im\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kam¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hanyu-Pinyin\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kān\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Tongyong-Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kan\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Wade-Giles\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kʻan¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kān\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh\", \"Mandarin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kan\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"кань\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Palladius\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kanʹ\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰän⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Mandarin\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Jyutping\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ham¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Yale\"], \"zh-pron\": \"hām\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Pinyin\"], \"zh-pron\": \"ham¹\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangdong-Romanization\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\"], \"zh-pron\": \"hem¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/hɐm⁵⁵/\", \"tags\": [\"Cantonese\", \"Guangzhou\", \"Hong-Kong\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Phak-fa-su\"], \"zh-pron\": \"khâm\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Hakka-Romanization-System\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kam^ˊ\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hagfa-Pinyim\", \"Hakka\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kam¹\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam²⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hakka\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Jian'ou\", \"Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized\"], \"zh-pron\": \"káng\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰaŋ⁵⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Jian'ou\", \"Sinological-IPA\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Tai-lo\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kham\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Phofsit-Daibuun\"], \"zh-pron\": \"qafm\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Xiamen\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Quanzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Zhangzhou\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Taipei\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\", \"Kaohsiung\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"POJ\", \"Teochew\"], \"zh-pron\": \"kham\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\", \"tags\": [\"Sinological-IPA\", \"Teochew\"]}, {\"tags\": [\"Middle-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"khom\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Baxter-Sagart\", \"Old-Chinese\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*[kʰ]ˤ[ə]m/\"}, {\"tags\": [\"Old-Chinese\", \"Zhengzhang\"], \"zh-pron\": \"/*kʰluːm/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰän⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/hɐm⁵⁵/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam²⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰaŋ⁵⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam⁴⁴/\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/kʰam³³/\"}, {\"other\": \"[kʰ]\"}, {\"other\": \"[ə]\"}, {\"other\": \"/*kʰluːm/\"}], \"word\": \"堪\"}",
  "path": [],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "character",
  "title": "堪",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (db0bec0 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.