zmierzch in All languages combined

IPA: /zmjɛʂx/ [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Rhymes: -ɛʂx Etymology: Inherited from Old Polish zmierzk, from Proto-Slavic *mьrkъ. The final -ch is due to hypercorrect avoidance of the dialectal -ch > -k change. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|pl|zlw-opl|zmierzk|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old Polish zmierzk, {{inh+|pl|zlw-opl|zmierzk}} Inherited from Old Polish zmierzk, {{inh|pl|sla-pro|*mьrkъ}} Proto-Slavic *mьrkъ Head templates: {{pl-noun|m-in}} zmierzch m inan Inflection templates: {{pl-decl-noun-m-in}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], zmierzch [nominative, singular], zmierzchy [nominative, plural], zmierzchu [genitive, singular], zmierzchów [genitive, plural], zmierzchowi [dative, singular], zmierzchom [dative, plural], zmierzch [accusative, singular], zmierzchy [accusative, plural], zmierzchem [instrumental, singular], zmierzchami [instrumental, plural], zmierzchu [locative, singular], zmierzchach [locative, plural], zmierzchu [singular, vocative], zmierzchy [plural, vocative]

[Show JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "zmierzchni"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "zmierzchny"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "zmierzchowy"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "zmierzchnica"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "zmierzchnikowiec"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "zmierzchać"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "zmierzchnąć"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "zmierzk",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Polish zmierzk",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "zmierzk"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish zmierzk",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*mьrkъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *mьrkъ",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish zmierzk, from Proto-Slavic *mьrkъ. The final -ch is due to hypercorrect avoidance of the dialectal -ch > -k change.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zmierzch",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zmierzchy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zmierzchu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zmierzchów",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zmierzchowi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zmierzchom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zmierzch",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zmierzchy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zmierzchem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zmierzchami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zmierzchu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zmierzchach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zmierzchu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zmierzchy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m-in"
      },
      "expansion": "zmierzch m inan",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "zmierzch"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "62 38",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Times of day",
          "orig": "pl:Times of day",
          "parents": [
            "Periodic occurrences",
            "Timekeeping",
            "Time",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dusk, nightfall, twilight"
      ],
      "id": "en-zmierzch-pl-noun-5zLJCXLU",
      "links": [
        [
          "dusk",
          "dusk"
        ],
        [
          "nightfall",
          "nightfall"
        ],
        [
          "twilight",
          "twilight"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "zmrok"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "34 66",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 81",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 84",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 84",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "end, finish (terminal point of something in space or time)"
      ],
      "id": "en-zmierzch-pl-noun--2ereiSF",
      "links": [
        [
          "end",
          "end"
        ],
        [
          "finish",
          "finish"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) end, finish (terminal point of something in space or time)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "koniec"
        },
        {
          "word": "kres"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/zmjɛʂx/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛʂx"
    }
  ],
  "word": "zmierzch"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "Polish 1-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish inanimate nouns",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish links with manual fragments",
    "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Polish masculine nouns",
    "Polish nouns",
    "Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio links",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɛʂx",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɛʂx/1 syllable",
    "pl:Times of day"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "zmierzchni"
    },
    {
      "word": "zmierzchny"
    },
    {
      "word": "zmierzchowy"
    },
    {
      "word": "zmierzchnica"
    },
    {
      "word": "zmierzchnikowiec"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "zmierzchać"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "zmierzchnąć"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "zmierzk",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Polish zmierzk",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "zmierzk"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish zmierzk",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*mьrkъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *mьrkъ",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish zmierzk, from Proto-Slavic *mьrkъ. The final -ch is due to hypercorrect avoidance of the dialectal -ch > -k change.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zmierzch",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zmierzchy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zmierzchu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zmierzchów",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zmierzchowi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zmierzchom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zmierzch",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zmierzchy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zmierzchem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zmierzchami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zmierzchu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zmierzchach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zmierzchu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zmierzchy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m-in"
      },
      "expansion": "zmierzch m inan",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "zmierzch"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "dusk, nightfall, twilight"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "dusk",
          "dusk"
        ],
        [
          "nightfall",
          "nightfall"
        ],
        [
          "twilight",
          "twilight"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "zmrok"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "end, finish (terminal point of something in space or time)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "end",
          "end"
        ],
        [
          "finish",
          "finish"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) end, finish (terminal point of something in space or time)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "koniec"
        },
        {
          "word": "kres"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/zmjɛʂx/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛʂx"
    }
  ],
  "word": "zmierzch"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"zmierzch" meaning in All languages combined

Noun [Polish]