See xala on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for xala meaning in All languages combined (33.4kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "fa",
"3": "خاله",
"tr": "xâle"
},
"expansion": "Persian خاله (xâle)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "ar",
"3": "خالة"
},
"expansion": "Arabic خالة (ḵāla)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Persian خاله (xâle), ultimately from Arabic خالة (ḵāla).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "xalanı",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "az-latin-noun-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "xala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xalanı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalaları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xalaya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xalada",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xaladan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalardan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xalanın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalaların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "az-latin-noun-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "xalam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarım",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalaların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalası",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalaları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalamız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarımız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "xalanız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarınız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalası",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalaları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalaları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalamı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarımı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalanı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalasını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalamızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarımızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "xalanızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarınızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalasını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarıma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalasına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalamıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarımıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "xalanıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarınıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalasına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalamda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarımda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalanda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalasında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalamızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarımızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "xalanızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarınızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalasında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalamdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarımdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalandan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalasından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalamızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarımızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "xalanızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarınızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalasından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalamın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarımın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalanın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalasının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalamızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarımızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "xalanızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarınızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalasının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "xala (definite accusative xalanı, plural xalalar)",
"name": "az-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"xa‧la"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "v",
"2": "a"
},
"name": "az-latin-noun-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Azerbaijani entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "az",
"name": "Family members",
"orig": "az:Family members",
"parents": [
"Family",
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"maternal aunt (one's mother's sister)"
],
"id": "en-xala-az-noun-1qZXdoOt",
"links": [
[
"maternal aunt",
"maternal aunt"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "male paternal cousin",
"word": "əmioğlu"
},
{
"english": "female paternal cousin",
"word": "əmiqızı"
},
{
"english": "male maternal cousin",
"word": "dayıoğlu"
},
{
"english": "female paternal cousin",
"word": "dayıqızı"
},
{
"english": "sororal niece",
"word": "bacıqızı"
},
{
"english": "sororal nephew",
"word": "bacıoğlu"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[χɑˈɫɑ]"
}
],
"word": "xala"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "xales",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "xala f (plural xales)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a pleasure outing or excursion, especially a noisy one"
],
"id": "en-xala-ca-noun-Zlf57vpI",
"links": [
[
"outing",
"outing"
],
[
"excursion",
"excursion"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "forada"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "xala"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "xala",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 64 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "xalar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of xalar:\n## third-person singular present indicative\n## second-person singular imperative",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-xala-ca-verb-5JPoAvs4",
"links": [
[
"xalar",
"xalar#Catalan"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of xalar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "xalar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of xalar:\n## third-person singular present indicative\n## second-person singular imperative",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en-xala-ca-verb-B0XYDXAk",
"links": [
[
"xalar",
"xalar#Catalan"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of xalar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "xala"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nci",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"cat2": "headword lines missing parameters",
"f1accel-form": "p",
"f2accel-form": "p",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "xala",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "xala",
"name": "nci-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Classical Nahuatl",
"lang_code": "nci",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "xāllah"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Classical Nahuatl entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Classical Nahuatl headword lines missing parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Classical Nahuatl links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Obsolete spelling of xāllah"
],
"id": "en-xala-nci-noun-I6Dio7hb",
"links": [
[
"xāllah",
"xallah#Classical Nahuatl"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"locative",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "xala"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "xalina"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "xalica"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "xalъka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": ">? *xalǫga"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "scrub, hedge, bundle",
"word": "xaliga"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "cottage",
"word": ">? *xalupa"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "халь",
"g": "f",
"t": "rag"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: халь f (xalʹ, “rag”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: халь f (xalʹ, “rag”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "хальё",
"qq": "dialectal",
"t": "old dress"
},
"expansion": "Russian: хальё (xalʹjó, “old dress”) (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: хальё (xalʹjó, “old dress”) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "хал",
"3": "ха́ловщина",
"der": "1",
"t2": "junk, worthless stuff"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Russian: хал (xal), ха́ловщина (xálovščina, “junk, worthless stuff”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Russian: хал (xal), ха́ловщина (xálovščina, “junk, worthless stuff”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "ха́лище",
"t": "rough fabric, mat",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Bulgarian: ха́лище (hálište, “rough fabric, mat”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Bulgarian: ха́лище (hálište, “rough fabric, mat”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "алишта",
"g": "p",
"t": "clothing",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Macedonian: алишта pl (ališta, “clothing”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Macedonian: алишта pl (ališta, “clothing”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ха̏ља",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: ха̏ља",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ха̀љина"
},
"expansion": "ха̀љина",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: ха̏ља, ха̀љина"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "hȁlja",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: hȁlja",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "hàljina"
},
"expansion": "hàljina",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: hȁlja, hàljina"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "hálja",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: hálja",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hálja"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: hálja (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: hálja (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "chała",
"qq": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "Polish: chała (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: chała (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "chalka",
"3": "halka",
"der": "1",
"t2": "overgarment"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Polish: chalka, halka (“overgarment”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Polish: chalka, halka (“overgarment”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Pomeranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "chałë",
"g": "p",
"t": "rags"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: chałë pl (“rags”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: chałë pl (“rags”)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ksōleh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ksōleh₂",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*ksōlyeh₂"
},
"expansion": "*ksōlyeh₂",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*xalati",
"3": "*-a",
"t1": "to wear out, to rag"
},
"expansion": "*xalati (“to wear out, to rag”) + *-a",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*xajati",
"3": "*xati",
"t": "to stagger, to reel; to be concerned"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *xati (“to stagger, to reel; to be concerned”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kes-",
"4": "",
"5": "to mow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kes- (“to mow”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Per Snoj and Trubačev, from Proto-Indo-European *ksōleh₂, *ksōlyeh₂, perhaps an action/resultant noun of *xalati (“to wear out, to rag”) + *-a or substantivized from the l-participle of Proto-Slavic *xati (“to stagger, to reel; to be concerned”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kes- (“to mow”). Trubačev further identifies this term with Etymology 2.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "xàla",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "nominative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "xala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xàlě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "xàly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "genitive",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "xàly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xàlu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "xàlъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "xàlě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xàlama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "xàlamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "accusative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "xàlǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "instrumental",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "xàlojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xàlǭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xàlamī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "locative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "xàlasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xàlaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vocative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "xàlo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ap": "a"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xala",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "vanity, futility",
"word": ">? *xalostь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "xalavъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "avid, insatiable",
"tags": [
"possibly"
],
"word": "xalovitъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "to tend, to care for",
"tags": [
"possibly"
],
"word": "xoliti"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "56 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "77 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"something torn, shattered, worn-out"
],
"id": "en-xala-sla-pro-noun-53BvZgLC",
"links": [
[
"torn",
"torn"
],
[
"shattered",
"shattered"
],
[
"worn-out",
"worn-out"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"cheap cloth, rag"
],
"id": "en-xala-sla-pro-noun-JOzI~muA",
"links": [
[
"cheap",
"cheap"
],
[
"cloth",
"cloth"
],
[
"rag",
"rag"
]
],
"qualifier": "via specialization",
"raw_glosses": [
"(via specialization) cheap cloth, rag"
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "36 64",
"sense": "*xalъkъ, *xalovъ (“crummy, intrusive; insolent, quarrelsome (for person)”)",
"word": "naxalъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 64",
"english": "insolent person",
"sense": "*xalъkъ, *xalovъ (“crummy, intrusive; insolent, quarrelsome (for person)”)",
"word": "xalujь"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 64",
"english": "bounder, slob",
"sense": "*xalъkъ, *xalovъ (“crummy, intrusive; insolent, quarrelsome (for person)”)",
"word": ">? *xalъda"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "i-stem",
"word": "xalь"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jā-stem, in South Slavic",
"word": "xaľa"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj"
],
"word": "xala"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "халаве́й",
"der": "1",
"qq": "dialectal",
"t": "gale, high wind; fig. empty-headed person"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Russian: халаве́й (xalavéj, “gale, high wind; fig. empty-headed person”) (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*xala",
"3": "*vějь",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "*xala + *vějь",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Russian: халаве́й (xalavéj, “gale, high wind; fig. empty-headed person”) (dialectal) (< *xala + *vějь)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "ха́ла"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: ха́ла (hála)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: ха́ла (hála)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "ала",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Macedonian: ала (ala)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Macedonian: ала (ala)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "а́ла",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: а́ла",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ха́ла"
},
"expansion": "ха́ла",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: а́ла, ха́ла"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ála",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: ála",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "hála"
},
"expansion": "hála",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: ála, hála"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "chala",
"3": "ochala",
"t2": "tall man, giant",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Czech: chala, ochala (“tall man, giant”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": ">? Czech: chala, ochala (“tall man, giant”) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "χała",
"t": "large creature",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Slovincian: χała (“large creature”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Slovincian: χała (“large creature”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Non-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "hală",
"bor": "1",
"t": "mythical being, monster"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: hală (“mythical being, monster”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "regional"
},
"expansion": "(regional)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: hală (“mythical being, monster”) (regional)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Ala (demon)"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "grc",
"3": "χάλαζα",
"4": "",
"5": "hail"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek χάλαζα (khálaza, “hail”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*želdъ",
"3": "",
"4": "sleet"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *želdъ (“sleet”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*xalěpa",
"3": "",
"4": "bad weather"
},
"expansion": "*xalěpa (“bad weather”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*xoľavъ",
"3": "",
"4": "murky, muddy"
},
"expansion": "*xoľavъ (“murky, muddy”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*xoliti",
"3": "",
"4": "to indulge, to behave"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *xoliti (“to indulge, to behave”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "skaláuti",
"3": "",
"4": "to rinse"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian skaláuti (“to rinse”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*xaliti"
},
"expansion": "*xaliti",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*xalěti",
"3": "*-a",
"t1": "to bash, to strike"
},
"expansion": "*xalěti (“to bash, to strike”) + *-a",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "grc",
"3": "χαλάω",
"4": "",
"5": "to wreck havoc, to slacken"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek χαλάω (khaláō, “to wreck havoc, to slacken”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "хало́сам",
"3": "",
"4": "to smack"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian хало́сам (halósam, “to smack”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*šalъ",
"3": "",
"4": "intemperate, naughty"
},
"expansion": "*šalъ (“intemperate, naughty”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*šaliti",
"3": "",
"4": "to play pranks, to infuriate"
},
"expansion": "*šaliti (“to play pranks, to infuriate”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*xalavъ",
"3": "",
"4": "insatiable, gluttonous"
},
"expansion": "*xalavъ (“insatiable, gluttonous”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*xalъkъ",
"3": "",
"4": "insolent"
},
"expansion": "*xalъkъ (“insolent”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "آلا",
"t": "spotted, variegated",
"tr": "ala"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish آلا (ala, “spotted, variegated”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "ییلان",
"t": "snake",
"tr": "yılan"
},
"expansion": "ییلان (yılan, “snake”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unclear. Several proposed etymologies exist:\n* Based on sense “hail, blizzard, tempest”:\n** Borrowed origin: According to Iv. Georgieva, from some dialectal form of Ancient Greek χάλαζα (khálaza, “hail”), likely cognate with Proto-Slavic *želdъ (“sleet”).\n** Native grammatical origin: Per Brückner, related to *xalěpa (“bad weather”) (of disputed origin), *xoľavъ (“murky, muddy”). Possibly akin to Etymology 1 + Proto-Slavic *xoliti (“to indulge, to behave”) and further to Lithuanian skaláuti (“to rinse”).\n* Based on sense “typhon, calamity”:\n** Native or borrowed expressive origin: Per M. Bjeletić, from *xaliti, *xalěti (“to bash, to strike”) + *-a or from Ancient Greek χαλάω (khaláō, “to wreck havoc, to slacken”) (whence Bulgarian хало́сам (halósam, “to smack”)).\n** Onomatopoeic origin: Per Iljinsky, possibly akin to semi-onomatopoeic *šalъ (“intemperate, naughty”), *šaliti (“to play pranks, to infuriate”). Favoured by Trubačev and Meljničuk (ESSJa).\n** Substantivized origin: Perhaps from a substantivization of *xalavъ (“insatiable, gluttonous”), *xalъkъ (“insolent”), related to the above hypothesis.\n* Based on sense “dragon” in Serbian and Macedonian:\n** Recent borrowing from Ottoman Turkish: According to early Serbo-Croatian philologists, South Slavic term has developed from Ottoman Turkish آلا (ala, “spotted, variegated”), euphemistic for ییلان (yılan, “snake”). Correspondances in other branches are presumably coincidental. Disputed on phonetical basis by Trubačev, Brückner, and some Serbo-Croatian linguists.\nSkok does not exclude contamination of various sources.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "nominative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "xala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "xaly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "genitive",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "xaly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "xalъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "xalě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "xalamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "accusative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "xalǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "instrumental",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "xalojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "locative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "xalasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xalaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vocative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "xalo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xala",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 23 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "xalętina"
},
{
"word": "xališče"
},
{
"tags": [
"augmentative"
],
"word": "xalina"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tempest, blizzard, hail-bringer depicted as a serpentine or ichthyoid monster, as a stormy nebula, or personified as a witch"
],
"id": "en-xala-sla-pro-noun-anLfWdT4",
"links": [
[
"Slavic",
"Slavic"
],
[
"mythology",
"mythology"
],
[
"tempest",
"tempest"
],
[
"blizzard",
"blizzard"
],
[
"hail",
"hail"
],
[
"bringer",
"bringer"
],
[
"serpentine",
"serpentine"
],
[
"ichthyoid",
"ichthyoid"
],
[
"stormy",
"stormy"
],
[
"nebula",
"nebula"
],
[
"witch",
"witch"
]
],
"qualifier": "Slavic mythology",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Slavic mythology) tempest, blizzard, hail-bringer depicted as a serpentine or ichthyoid monster, as a stormy nebula, or personified as a witch"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*xmara"
},
{
"word": "*vila"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "xala"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "fa",
"3": "خاله",
"tr": "xâle"
},
"expansion": "Persian خاله (xâle)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "ar",
"3": "خالة"
},
"expansion": "Arabic خالة (ḵāla)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Persian خاله (xâle), ultimately from Arabic خالة (ḵāla).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "xalanı",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "az-latin-noun-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "xala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xalanı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalaları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xalaya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xalada",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xaladan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalardan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xalanın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalaların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "az-latin-noun-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "xalam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarım",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalaların",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalası",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalaları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalamız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarımız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "xalanız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarınız",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalası",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalaları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalaları",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalamı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarımı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalanı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalasını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalamızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarımızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "xalanızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarınızı",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalasını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarını",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarıma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalasına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalamıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarımıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "xalanıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarınıza",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalasına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarına",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalamda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarımda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalanda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalasında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalamızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarımızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "xalanızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarınızda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalasında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarında",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalamdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarımdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalandan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalasından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalamızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarımızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "xalanızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarınızdan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalasından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarından",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalamın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarımın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalanın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalasının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalamızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarımızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "xalanızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarınızın",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalasının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "xalalarının",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "xala (definite accusative xalanı, plural xalalar)",
"name": "az-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"xa‧la"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "v",
"2": "a"
},
"name": "az-latin-noun-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "male paternal cousin",
"word": "əmioğlu"
},
{
"english": "female paternal cousin",
"word": "əmiqızı"
},
{
"english": "male maternal cousin",
"word": "dayıoğlu"
},
{
"english": "female paternal cousin",
"word": "dayıqızı"
},
{
"english": "sororal niece",
"word": "bacıqızı"
},
{
"english": "sororal nephew",
"word": "bacıoğlu"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Azerbaijani entries with incorrect language header",
"Azerbaijani lemmas",
"Azerbaijani nouns",
"Azerbaijani terms borrowed from Persian",
"Azerbaijani terms derived from Arabic",
"Azerbaijani terms derived from Persian",
"Azerbaijani terms with IPA pronunciation",
"az:Family members"
],
"glosses": [
"maternal aunt (one's mother's sister)"
],
"links": [
[
"maternal aunt",
"maternal aunt"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[χɑˈɫɑ]"
}
],
"word": "xala"
}
{
"categories": [
"Catalan countable nouns",
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan feminine nouns",
"Catalan lemmas",
"Catalan non-lemma forms",
"Catalan nouns",
"Catalan verb forms"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "xales",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "xala f (plural xales)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a pleasure outing or excursion, especially a noisy one"
],
"links": [
[
"outing",
"outing"
],
[
"excursion",
"excursion"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "forada"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "xala"
}
{
"categories": [
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan non-lemma forms",
"Catalan verb forms"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "xala",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "xalar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of xalar:\n## third-person singular present indicative\n## second-person singular imperative",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"xalar",
"xalar#Catalan"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of xalar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "xalar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of xalar:\n## third-person singular present indicative\n## second-person singular imperative",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"xalar",
"xalar#Catalan"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of xalar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "xala"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nci",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"cat2": "headword lines missing parameters",
"f1accel-form": "p",
"f2accel-form": "p",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "xala",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "xala",
"name": "nci-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Classical Nahuatl",
"lang_code": "nci",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "xāllah"
}
],
"categories": [
"Classical Nahuatl entries with incorrect language header",
"Classical Nahuatl headword lines missing parameters",
"Classical Nahuatl lemmas",
"Classical Nahuatl links with redundant target parameters",
"Classical Nahuatl nouns",
"Classical Nahuatl obsolete forms"
],
"glosses": [
"Obsolete spelling of xāllah"
],
"links": [
[
"xāllah",
"xallah#Classical Nahuatl"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"locative",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "xala"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-a"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "xalina"
},
{
"word": "xalica"
},
{
"word": "xalъka"
},
{
"word": ">? *xalǫga"
},
{
"english": "scrub, hedge, bundle",
"word": "xaliga"
},
{
"english": "cottage",
"word": ">? *xalupa"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "халь",
"g": "f",
"t": "rag"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: халь f (xalʹ, “rag”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: халь f (xalʹ, “rag”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "хальё",
"qq": "dialectal",
"t": "old dress"
},
"expansion": "Russian: хальё (xalʹjó, “old dress”) (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: хальё (xalʹjó, “old dress”) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "хал",
"3": "ха́ловщина",
"der": "1",
"t2": "junk, worthless stuff"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Russian: хал (xal), ха́ловщина (xálovščina, “junk, worthless stuff”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Russian: хал (xal), ха́ловщина (xálovščina, “junk, worthless stuff”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "ха́лище",
"t": "rough fabric, mat",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Bulgarian: ха́лище (hálište, “rough fabric, mat”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Bulgarian: ха́лище (hálište, “rough fabric, mat”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "алишта",
"g": "p",
"t": "clothing",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Macedonian: алишта pl (ališta, “clothing”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Macedonian: алишта pl (ališta, “clothing”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ха̏ља",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: ха̏ља",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ха̀љина"
},
"expansion": "ха̀љина",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: ха̏ља, ха̀љина"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "hȁlja",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: hȁlja",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "hàljina"
},
"expansion": "hàljina",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: hȁlja, hàljina"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "hálja",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: hálja",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hálja"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: hálja (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: hálja (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "chała",
"qq": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "Polish: chała (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: chała (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "chalka",
"3": "halka",
"der": "1",
"t2": "overgarment"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Polish: chalka, halka (“overgarment”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Polish: chalka, halka (“overgarment”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Pomeranian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "chałë",
"g": "p",
"t": "rags"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: chałë pl (“rags”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: chałë pl (“rags”)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ksōleh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ksōleh₂",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*ksōlyeh₂"
},
"expansion": "*ksōlyeh₂",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*xalati",
"3": "*-a",
"t1": "to wear out, to rag"
},
"expansion": "*xalati (“to wear out, to rag”) + *-a",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*xajati",
"3": "*xati",
"t": "to stagger, to reel; to be concerned"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *xati (“to stagger, to reel; to be concerned”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kes-",
"4": "",
"5": "to mow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kes- (“to mow”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Per Snoj and Trubačev, from Proto-Indo-European *ksōleh₂, *ksōlyeh₂, perhaps an action/resultant noun of *xalati (“to wear out, to rag”) + *-a or substantivized from the l-participle of Proto-Slavic *xati (“to stagger, to reel; to be concerned”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kes- (“to mow”). Trubačev further identifies this term with Etymology 2.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "xàla",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "nominative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "xala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xàlě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "xàly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "genitive",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "xàly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xàlu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "xàlъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "xàlě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xàlama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "xàlamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "accusative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "xàlǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "instrumental",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "xàlojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xàlǭ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xàlamī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "locative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "xàlasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xàlaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vocative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "xàlo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ap": "a"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xala",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"sense": "*xalъkъ, *xalovъ (“crummy, intrusive; insolent, quarrelsome (for person)”)",
"word": "naxalъ"
},
{
"english": "insolent person",
"sense": "*xalъkъ, *xalovъ (“crummy, intrusive; insolent, quarrelsome (for person)”)",
"word": "xalujь"
},
{
"english": "bounder, slob",
"sense": "*xalъkъ, *xalovъ (“crummy, intrusive; insolent, quarrelsome (for person)”)",
"word": ">? *xalъda"
},
{
"english": "vanity, futility",
"word": ">? *xalostь"
},
{
"word": "xalavъ"
},
{
"english": "avid, insatiable",
"tags": [
"possibly"
],
"word": "xalovitъ"
},
{
"english": "to tend, to care for",
"tags": [
"possibly"
],
"word": "xoliti"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"something torn, shattered, worn-out"
],
"links": [
[
"torn",
"torn"
],
[
"shattered",
"shattered"
],
[
"worn-out",
"worn-out"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"cheap cloth, rag"
],
"links": [
[
"cheap",
"cheap"
],
[
"cloth",
"cloth"
],
[
"rag",
"rag"
]
],
"qualifier": "via specialization",
"raw_glosses": [
"(via specialization) cheap cloth, rag"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "i-stem",
"word": "xalь"
},
{
"roman": "jā-stem, in South Slavic",
"word": "xaľa"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Marko Snoj"
],
"word": "xala"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nouns"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "xalętina"
},
{
"word": "xališče"
},
{
"tags": [
"augmentative"
],
"word": "xalina"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "халаве́й",
"der": "1",
"qq": "dialectal",
"t": "gale, high wind; fig. empty-headed person"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Russian: халаве́й (xalavéj, “gale, high wind; fig. empty-headed person”) (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*xala",
"3": "*vějь",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "*xala + *vějь",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Russian: халаве́й (xalavéj, “gale, high wind; fig. empty-headed person”) (dialectal) (< *xala + *vějь)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "ха́ла"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: ха́ла (hála)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: ха́ла (hála)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "ала",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Macedonian: ала (ala)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Macedonian: ала (ala)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "а́ла",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: а́ла",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ха́ла"
},
"expansion": "ха́ла",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: а́ла, ха́ла"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ála",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: ála",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "hála"
},
"expansion": "hála",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: ála, hála"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "chala",
"3": "ochala",
"t2": "tall man, giant",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Czech: chala, ochala (“tall man, giant”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": ">? Czech: chala, ochala (“tall man, giant”) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-slv",
"2": "χała",
"t": "large creature",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Slovincian: χała (“large creature”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Slovincian: χała (“large creature”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Non-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "hală",
"bor": "1",
"t": "mythical being, monster"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: hală (“mythical being, monster”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "regional"
},
"expansion": "(regional)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: hală (“mythical being, monster”) (regional)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Ala (demon)"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "wp"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "grc",
"3": "χάλαζα",
"4": "",
"5": "hail"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek χάλαζα (khálaza, “hail”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*želdъ",
"3": "",
"4": "sleet"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *želdъ (“sleet”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*xalěpa",
"3": "",
"4": "bad weather"
},
"expansion": "*xalěpa (“bad weather”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*xoľavъ",
"3": "",
"4": "murky, muddy"
},
"expansion": "*xoľavъ (“murky, muddy”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*xoliti",
"3": "",
"4": "to indulge, to behave"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *xoliti (“to indulge, to behave”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "skaláuti",
"3": "",
"4": "to rinse"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian skaláuti (“to rinse”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*xaliti"
},
"expansion": "*xaliti",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*xalěti",
"3": "*-a",
"t1": "to bash, to strike"
},
"expansion": "*xalěti (“to bash, to strike”) + *-a",
"name": "affix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "grc",
"3": "χαλάω",
"4": "",
"5": "to wreck havoc, to slacken"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek χαλάω (khaláō, “to wreck havoc, to slacken”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "хало́сам",
"3": "",
"4": "to smack"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian хало́сам (halósam, “to smack”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*šalъ",
"3": "",
"4": "intemperate, naughty"
},
"expansion": "*šalъ (“intemperate, naughty”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*šaliti",
"3": "",
"4": "to play pranks, to infuriate"
},
"expansion": "*šaliti (“to play pranks, to infuriate”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*xalavъ",
"3": "",
"4": "insatiable, gluttonous"
},
"expansion": "*xalavъ (“insatiable, gluttonous”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*xalъkъ",
"3": "",
"4": "insolent"
},
"expansion": "*xalъkъ (“insolent”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "آلا",
"t": "spotted, variegated",
"tr": "ala"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish آلا (ala, “spotted, variegated”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "ییلان",
"t": "snake",
"tr": "yılan"
},
"expansion": "ییلان (yılan, “snake”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unclear. Several proposed etymologies exist:\n* Based on sense “hail, blizzard, tempest”:\n** Borrowed origin: According to Iv. Georgieva, from some dialectal form of Ancient Greek χάλαζα (khálaza, “hail”), likely cognate with Proto-Slavic *želdъ (“sleet”).\n** Native grammatical origin: Per Brückner, related to *xalěpa (“bad weather”) (of disputed origin), *xoľavъ (“murky, muddy”). Possibly akin to Etymology 1 + Proto-Slavic *xoliti (“to indulge, to behave”) and further to Lithuanian skaláuti (“to rinse”).\n* Based on sense “typhon, calamity”:\n** Native or borrowed expressive origin: Per M. Bjeletić, from *xaliti, *xalěti (“to bash, to strike”) + *-a or from Ancient Greek χαλάω (khaláō, “to wreck havoc, to slacken”) (whence Bulgarian хало́сам (halósam, “to smack”)).\n** Onomatopoeic origin: Per Iljinsky, possibly akin to semi-onomatopoeic *šalъ (“intemperate, naughty”), *šaliti (“to play pranks, to infuriate”). Favoured by Trubačev and Meljničuk (ESSJa).\n** Substantivized origin: Perhaps from a substantivization of *xalavъ (“insatiable, gluttonous”), *xalъkъ (“insolent”), related to the above hypothesis.\n* Based on sense “dragon” in Serbian and Macedonian:\n** Recent borrowing from Ottoman Turkish: According to early Serbo-Croatian philologists, South Slavic term has developed from Ottoman Turkish آلا (ala, “spotted, variegated”), euphemistic for ییلان (yılan, “snake”). Correspondances in other branches are presumably coincidental. Disputed on phonetical basis by Trubačev, Brückner, and some Serbo-Croatian linguists.\nSkok does not exclude contamination of various sources.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "nominative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "xala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "xaly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "genitive",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "xaly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "xalъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "xalě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "xalamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "accusative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "xalǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "instrumental",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "xalojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "xalami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "locative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "xalasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "xalaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vocative",
"source": "declension"
},
{
"form": "xalo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xala",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"sla-pro:Slavic mythology"
],
"glosses": [
"tempest, blizzard, hail-bringer depicted as a serpentine or ichthyoid monster, as a stormy nebula, or personified as a witch"
],
"links": [
[
"Slavic",
"Slavic"
],
[
"mythology",
"mythology"
],
[
"tempest",
"tempest"
],
[
"blizzard",
"blizzard"
],
[
"hail",
"hail"
],
[
"bringer",
"bringer"
],
[
"serpentine",
"serpentine"
],
[
"ichthyoid",
"ichthyoid"
],
[
"stormy",
"stormy"
],
[
"nebula",
"nebula"
],
[
"witch",
"witch"
]
],
"qualifier": "Slavic mythology",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Slavic mythology) tempest, blizzard, hail-bringer depicted as a serpentine or ichthyoid monster, as a stormy nebula, or personified as a witch"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*xmara"
},
{
"word": "*vila"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "xala"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.