"vitreous" meaning in All languages combined

See vitreous on Wiktionary

Adjective [English]

IPA: /ˈvɪ.tɹi.əs/ Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-vitreous.wav Forms: more vitreous [comparative], most vitreous [superlative]
Etymology: From Middle French vitreux, from Latin vitreus (“glassy, transparent”), from vitrum (“glass”). The terms vitreous (positive) and resinous (negative) electricity were coined in 1733 by Charles François de Cisternay du Fay, who studied the different behaviour of glass and resin when rubbed with silk and fur, respectively. Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*wed-}}, {{uder|en|frm|vitreux}} Middle French vitreux, {{uder|en|la|vitreus||glassy, transparent}} Latin vitreus (“glassy, transparent”) Head templates: {{en-adj}} vitreous (comparative more vitreous, superlative most vitreous)
  1. Of or resembling glass; glassy. Translations (of or resembling glass): стъ́клен (stǎ́klen) (Bulgarian), lasinen (note: of glass) (Finnish), lasimainen (english: resembling ~) (Finnish), vitreux [masculine] (French), მინის (minis) (Georgian), მინიანი (miniani) (Georgian), მინისებრი (minisebri) (Georgian), glasig (German), glasartig (German), gläsern (German), aus Glas (German), vitratra (Ido), gloineach (Irish), stiklveida (Latvian), vitrös (Swedish), cam gibi (Turkish), cama benzer (Turkish), camsı (Turkish), camımsı (Turkish)
    Sense id: en-vitreous-en-adj-4XvBg0pB Disambiguation of 'of or resembling glass': 100 0 0 0 0
  2. Of or relating to the vitreous humor of the eye. Translations (of or relating to the vitreous humor): lasiais- (Finnish)
    Sense id: en-vitreous-en-adj-XaELAsQl Disambiguation of 'of or relating to the vitreous humor': 6 71 7 9 7
  3. (of ceramics) Having a shiny nonporous surface. Translations (ceramics: having a shiny nonporous surface): lasitettu (Finnish)
    Sense id: en-vitreous-en-adj-9A2MZvFv Disambiguation of 'ceramics: having a shiny nonporous surface': 2 8 83 4 4
  4. (chemistry) Of a semi-crystalline substance where the atoms exhibit short-range order, but without the long-range order of a crystal. Categories (topical): Chemistry Translations (chemistry: of a semi-crystalline substance): amorfinen (Finnish)
    Sense id: en-vitreous-en-adj-CjbpHxZy Topics: chemistry, natural-sciences, physical-sciences Disambiguation of 'chemistry: of a semi-crystalline substance': 4 8 2 76 11
  5. (physics, dated) Positive (of electric charge). Tags: dated Categories (topical): Physics Translations (physics, dated: electrically positive): lasi- (Finnish)
    Sense id: en-vitreous-en-adj-cuMtzLYc Topics: natural-sciences, physical-sciences, physics Disambiguation of 'physics, dated: electrically positive': 2 4 3 9 81
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: vitreous body, vitreous enamel, vitreous humour, vitreous humor, vitreouslike, vitreousness, vitreously Related terms: vitrify, vitrification, vitrifaction, vitrifacture

Noun [English]

IPA: /ˈvɪ.tɹi.əs/ Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-vitreous.wav Forms: vitreouses [plural]
Etymology: From Middle French vitreux, from Latin vitreus (“glassy, transparent”), from vitrum (“glass”). The terms vitreous (positive) and resinous (negative) electricity were coined in 1733 by Charles François de Cisternay du Fay, who studied the different behaviour of glass and resin when rubbed with silk and fur, respectively. Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*wed-}}, {{uder|en|frm|vitreux}} Middle French vitreux, {{uder|en|la|vitreus||glassy, transparent}} Latin vitreus (“glassy, transparent”) Head templates: {{en-noun|-|+}} vitreous (usually uncountable, plural vitreouses)
  1. (by elision) The vitreous humor. Tags: uncountable, usually
    Sense id: en-vitreous-en-noun-2jruOD70 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English undefined derivations, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Ido translations, Terms with Irish translations, Terms with Latvian translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Turkish translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 4 21 9 10 10 47 Disambiguation of English undefined derivations: 6 20 8 11 11 44 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 2 21 11 8 9 48 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 2 22 10 8 8 50 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 1 22 10 8 7 51 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 10 19 12 10 10 40 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 7 20 12 10 10 41 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 4 19 12 10 10 45 Disambiguation of Terms with Georgian translations: 6 20 11 10 10 43 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 5 20 12 9 11 42 Disambiguation of Terms with Ido translations: 3 21 11 8 9 48 Disambiguation of Terms with Irish translations: 6 21 10 11 9 44 Disambiguation of Terms with Latvian translations: 7 20 12 10 10 41 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 7 20 12 10 10 41 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkish translations: 7 20 12 10 10 41

Inflected forms

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      "sense": "antonym(s) of “electric charge”",
      "word": "resinous"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "vitreous body"
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      "word": "vitreous humour"
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    {
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      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
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      "form": "more vitreous",
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  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
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      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
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    {
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        {
          "ref": "2021, Ruth Ozeki, The Book of Form and Emptiness, Canongate Books (2022), page 287:",
          "text": "Pressing his fingertips against the rippled, vitreous surface, he had the odd sensation that were he to apply sufficient pressure the glass would give way like a permeable membrane, and he would be able to pass right through it, but when he pushed harder, the surface remained cold and unyielding.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
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          "_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
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          "roman": "stǎ́klen",
          "sense": "of or resembling glass",
          "word": "стъ́клен"
        },
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          "code": "fi",
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          "word": "lasinen"
        },
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          "sense": "of or resembling glass",
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            "masculine"
          ],
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          "_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "minis",
          "sense": "of or resembling glass",
          "word": "მინის"
        },
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          "_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
          "code": "ka",
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        },
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          "word": "მინისებრი"
        },
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          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "of or resembling glass",
          "word": "glasig"
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        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "of or resembling glass",
          "word": "glasartig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "of or resembling glass",
          "word": "gläsern"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "of or resembling glass",
          "word": "aus Glas"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "of or resembling glass",
          "word": "vitratra"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "of or resembling glass",
          "word": "gloineach"
        },
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          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "of or resembling glass",
          "word": "stiklveida"
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          "sense": "of or resembling glass",
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        },
        {
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          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "of or resembling glass",
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          "eye",
          "eye"
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          "_dis1": "6 71 7 9 7",
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          "nonporous"
        ],
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          "surface",
          "surface"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of ceramics) Having a shiny nonporous surface."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of ceramics"
      ],
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        {
          "_dis1": "2 8 83 4 4",
          "code": "fi",
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          "word": "lasitettu"
        }
      ]
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          "orig": "en:Chemistry",
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            "Fundamental"
          ],
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        "Of a semi-crystalline substance where the atoms exhibit short-range order, but without the long-range order of a crystal."
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        [
          "substance",
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          "atom",
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        ],
        [
          "exhibit",
          "exhibit"
        ],
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          "short-range"
        ],
        [
          "order",
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        ],
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          "long-range",
          "long-range"
        ],
        [
          "crystal",
          "crystal"
        ]
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      "raw_glosses": [
        "(chemistry) Of a semi-crystalline substance where the atoms exhibit short-range order, but without the long-range order of a crystal."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "chemistry",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences"
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        {
          "_dis1": "4 8 2 76 11",
          "code": "fi",
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          "word": "amorfinen"
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        "Positive (of electric charge)."
      ],
      "id": "en-vitreous-en-adj-cuMtzLYc",
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          "electric charge"
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      "raw_glosses": [
        "(physics, dated) Positive (of electric charge)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dated"
      ],
      "topics": [
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        "physical-sciences",
        "physics"
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      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "2 4 3 9 81",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "physics, dated: electrically positive",
          "word": "lasi-"
        }
      ]
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        "(by elision) The vitreous humor."
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      "sense": "antonym(s) of “electric charge”",
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    "Terms with Irish translations",
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    "Terms with Turkish translations"
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  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "vitreous body"
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    {
      "word": "vitreous enamel"
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      "word": "vitreous humour"
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    {
      "word": "vitreous humor"
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        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*wed-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "vitreux"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French vitreux",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "vitreus",
        "4": "",
        "5": "glassy, transparent"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin vitreus (“glassy, transparent”)",
      "name": "uder"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle French vitreux, from Latin vitreus (“glassy, transparent”), from vitrum (“glass”).\nThe terms vitreous (positive) and resinous (negative) electricity were coined in 1733 by Charles François de Cisternay du Fay, who studied the different behaviour of glass and resin when rubbed with silk and fur, respectively.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "more vitreous",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most vitreous",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "vitreous (comparative more vitreous, superlative most vitreous)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "vitrify"
    },
    {
      "word": "vitrification"
    },
    {
      "word": "vitrifaction"
    },
    {
      "word": "vitrifacture"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2021, Ruth Ozeki, The Book of Form and Emptiness, Canongate Books (2022), page 287:",
          "text": "Pressing his fingertips against the rippled, vitreous surface, he had the odd sensation that were he to apply sufficient pressure the glass would give way like a permeable membrane, and he would be able to pass right through it, but when he pushed harder, the surface remained cold and unyielding.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Of or resembling glass; glassy."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "glass",
          "glass"
        ],
        [
          "glassy",
          "glassy"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Of or relating to the vitreous humor of the eye."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "vitreous humor",
          "vitreous humor"
        ],
        [
          "eye",
          "eye"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Having a shiny nonporous surface."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "shiny",
          "shiny"
        ],
        [
          "nonporous",
          "nonporous"
        ],
        [
          "surface",
          "surface"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of ceramics) Having a shiny nonporous surface."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of ceramics"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Chemistry"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Of a semi-crystalline substance where the atoms exhibit short-range order, but without the long-range order of a crystal."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "chemistry",
          "chemistry"
        ],
        [
          "substance",
          "substance"
        ],
        [
          "atom",
          "atom"
        ],
        [
          "exhibit",
          "exhibit"
        ],
        [
          "short-range",
          "short-range"
        ],
        [
          "order",
          "order"
        ],
        [
          "long-range",
          "long-range"
        ],
        [
          "crystal",
          "crystal"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(chemistry) Of a semi-crystalline substance where the atoms exhibit short-range order, but without the long-range order of a crystal."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "chemistry",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English dated terms",
        "en:Physics"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Positive (of electric charge)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "physics",
          "physics"
        ],
        [
          "Positive",
          "positive"
        ],
        [
          "electric charge",
          "electric charge"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(physics, dated) Positive (of electric charge)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dated"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "physics"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈvɪ.tɹi.əs/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-vitreous.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vitreous.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vitreous.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vitreous.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vitreous.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "stǎ́klen",
      "sense": "of or resembling glass",
      "word": "стъ́клен"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "note": "of glass",
      "sense": "of or resembling glass",
      "word": "lasinen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "english": "resembling ~",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "of or resembling glass",
      "word": "lasimainen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "of or resembling glass",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "vitreux"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "minis",
      "sense": "of or resembling glass",
      "word": "მინის"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "miniani",
      "sense": "of or resembling glass",
      "word": "მინიანი"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "minisebri",
      "sense": "of or resembling glass",
      "word": "მინისებრი"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "of or resembling glass",
      "word": "glasig"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "of or resembling glass",
      "word": "glasartig"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "of or resembling glass",
      "word": "gläsern"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "of or resembling glass",
      "word": "aus Glas"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "of or resembling glass",
      "word": "vitratra"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "of or resembling glass",
      "word": "gloineach"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "of or resembling glass",
      "word": "stiklveida"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "of or resembling glass",
      "word": "vitrös"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "of or resembling glass",
      "word": "cam gibi"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "of or resembling glass",
      "word": "cama benzer"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "of or resembling glass",
      "word": "camsı"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "of or resembling glass",
      "word": "camımsı"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "of or relating to the vitreous humor",
      "word": "lasiais-"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "ceramics: having a shiny nonporous surface",
      "word": "lasitettu"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "chemistry: of a semi-crystalline substance",
      "word": "amorfinen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "physics, dated: electrically positive",
      "word": "lasi-"
    }
  ],
  "word": "vitreous"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English adjectives",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle French",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wed-",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English undefined derivations",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Georgian translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Ido translations",
    "Terms with Irish translations",
    "Terms with Latvian translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Turkish translations"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*wed-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "vitreux"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French vitreux",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "vitreus",
        "4": "",
        "5": "glassy, transparent"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin vitreus (“glassy, transparent”)",
      "name": "uder"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle French vitreux, from Latin vitreus (“glassy, transparent”), from vitrum (“glass”).\nThe terms vitreous (positive) and resinous (negative) electricity were coined in 1733 by Charles François de Cisternay du Fay, who studied the different behaviour of glass and resin when rubbed with silk and fur, respectively.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "vitreouses",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-",
        "2": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "vitreous (usually uncountable, plural vitreouses)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The vitreous humor."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "vitreous humor",
          "vitreous humor"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by elision) The vitreous humor."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈvɪ.tɹi.əs/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-vitreous.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vitreous.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vitreous.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vitreous.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vitreous.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "vitreous"
}

Download raw JSONL data for vitreous meaning in All languages combined (9.2kB)

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: by elision",
  "path": [
    "vitreous"
  ],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "vitreous",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: by elision",
  "path": [
    "vitreous"
  ],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "vitreous",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.