turnian in All languages combined

IPA: /ˈtur.ni.ɑn/, [ˈturˠ.ni.ɑn] [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: From Proto-West Germanic *turnēn (“to turn, lathe”). Etymology templates: {{dercat|ang|la|grc}}, {{inh|ang|gmw-pro|*turnēn|t=to turn, lathe}} Proto-West Germanic *turnēn (“to turn, lathe”) Head templates: {{ang-verb}} turnian Inflection templates: {{ang-conj|turnian<w2>}} Forms: weak [table-tags], turnian [infinitive], turnienne [infinitive], turniġe [first-person, present, singular], turnode [first-person, past, singular], turnast [present, second-person, singular], turnodest [past, second-person, singular], turnaþ [present, singular, third-person], turnode [past, singular, third-person], turniaþ [plural, present], turnodon [past, plural], turniġe [present, singular], turnode [past, singular], turniġen [plural, present], turnoden [past, plural], turna [imperative, past, present, singular], turniaþ [imperative, past, plural, present], turniende [imperative, present], turnod [imperative, past], ġeturnod [imperative, past]

[Show JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "torner"
          },
          "expansion": "Old French torner",
          "name": "cog"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "turnen",
            "pos": "partly from Old French <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"fro\">torner</i>"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: turnen (partly from Old French torner)\nEnglish: turn\nScots: turn",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: turnen (partly from Old French torner)\nEnglish: turn\nScots: turn"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "grc"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*turnēn",
        "t": "to turn, lathe"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *turnēn (“to turn, lathe”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *turnēn (“to turn, lathe”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turnian",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turnienne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turniġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turnode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turnast",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turnodest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turnaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turnode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turniaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turnodon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turniġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turnode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turniġen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turnoden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turna",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turniaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turniende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turnod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ġeturnod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "turnian",
      "name": "ang-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "turnian<w2>"
      },
      "name": "ang-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "tyrnan"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "76 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to turn on a lathe"
      ],
      "id": "en-turnian-ang-verb-eu~pn1qD",
      "links": [
        [
          "turn",
          "turn"
        ],
        [
          "lathe",
          "lathe"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to turn on a lathe"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to turn, revolve"
      ],
      "id": "en-turnian-ang-verb-aPLC1NrB",
      "links": [
        [
          "revolve",
          "revolve"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to turn, revolve"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈtur.ni.ɑn/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈturˠ.ni.ɑn]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ċyrran"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "hwearfian"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ymbswīfan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "turnian"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "Old English class 2 weak verbs",
    "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old English lemmas",
    "Old English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "Old English terms derived from Latin",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Old English verbs"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "torner"
          },
          "expansion": "Old French torner",
          "name": "cog"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "turnen",
            "pos": "partly from Old French <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"fro\">torner</i>"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: turnen (partly from Old French torner)\nEnglish: turn\nScots: turn",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: turnen (partly from Old French torner)\nEnglish: turn\nScots: turn"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "grc"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*turnēn",
        "t": "to turn, lathe"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *turnēn (“to turn, lathe”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *turnēn (“to turn, lathe”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turnian",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turnienne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turniġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turnode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turnast",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turnodest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turnaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turnode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turniaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turnodon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turniġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turnode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turniġen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turnoden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turna",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turniaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turniende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "turnod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ġeturnod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "turnian",
      "name": "ang-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "turnian<w2>"
      },
      "name": "ang-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "tyrnan"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old English intransitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to turn on a lathe"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "turn",
          "turn"
        ],
        [
          "lathe",
          "lathe"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to turn on a lathe"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old English intransitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to turn, revolve"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "revolve",
          "revolve"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to turn, revolve"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈtur.ni.ɑn/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈturˠ.ni.ɑn]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "ċyrran"
    },
    {
      "word": "hwearfian"
    },
    {
      "word": "ymbswīfan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "turnian"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"turnian" meaning in All languages combined

Verb [Old English]