See tropel on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "en tropel"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "roa-opt",
"3": "tropel"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese tropel",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "fro",
"3": "tropel",
"t": "group"
},
"expansion": "Old French tropel (“group”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Galician-Portuguese tropel (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Old French tropel (“group”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tropeis",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "tropel m (plural tropeis)",
"name": "gl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "atropelar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tropa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "troupelear"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "62 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"swarm"
],
"id": "en-tropel-gl-noun-ROuStGNg",
"links": [
[
"swarm",
"swarm"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "fato"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"troop"
],
"id": "en-tropel-gl-noun-mzlJv9OD",
"links": [
[
"troop",
"troop"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tɾɔˈpɛl]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Cantigas de Santa Maria"
],
"word": "tropel"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "troupel",
"3": "troupeau"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: troupel, troupeau",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: troupel, troupeau"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "troupeau"
},
"expansion": "French: troupeau",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: troupeau"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pcd",
"2": "troupiaû",
"3": "troupiô"
},
"expansion": "Picard: troupiaû, troupiô",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Athois"
},
"expansion": "(Athois)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Picard: troupiaû, troupiô (Athois)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "troupia"
},
"expansion": "Walloon: troupia",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Charleroi"
},
"expansion": "(Charleroi)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Forrières"
},
"expansion": "(Forrières)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Walloon: troupia (Charleroi), tropê (Forrières)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "tropel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: tropel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: tropel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "tropel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Galician-Portuguese: tropel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Galician-Portuguese: tropel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "tropel"
},
"expansion": "Galician: tropel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: tropel"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "frk",
"3": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*troppellus"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *troppellus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "troppus"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin troppus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Vulgar Latin *troppellus, diminutive from Medieval Latin troppus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tropel oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "tropeaus",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tropeax",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tropiaus",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tropiax",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tropels",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tropeaus",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tropeax",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tropiaus",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tropiax",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tropels",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tropel",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "tropel oblique singular, m (oblique plural tropeaus or tropeax or tropiaus or tropiax or tropels, nominative singular tropeaus or tropeax or tropiaus or tropiax or tropels, nominative plural tropel)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 3 48 35 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 50 36 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"group"
],
"id": "en-tropel-fro-noun-rZNvy-1j",
"links": [
[
"group",
"group"
]
]
}
],
"word": "tropel"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "es",
"3": "tropel"
},
"expansion": "Spanish tropel",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Spanish tropel.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tropéis",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "tropel m (plural tropéis)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "atropelar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"swarm (a mass of people or animals in turmoil)"
],
"id": "en-tropel-pt-noun-pt:swarm",
"links": [
[
"swarm",
"swarm"
]
],
"senseid": [
"pt:swarm"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "turba"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tɾoˈpɛw/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[tɾoˈpɛʊ̯]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɾuˈpɛl/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[tɾuˈpɛɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɾuˈpɛl/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[tɾuˈpɛɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɾuˈpɛ.li/",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"Southern"
]
}
],
"word": "tropel"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "atropellar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "en tropel"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "tropel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: tropel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: tropel"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From tropa.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tropeles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "tropel m (plural tropeles)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"tro‧pel"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tropa"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"mob, crowd, swarm"
],
"id": "en-tropel-es-noun-nNEzQmq7",
"links": [
[
"mob",
"mob"
],
[
"crowd",
"crowd"
],
[
"swarm",
"swarm"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "muchedumbre"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "40 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"squad, troop"
],
"id": "en-tropel-es-noun-KLwUsOsW",
"links": [
[
"squad",
"squad"
],
[
"troop",
"troop"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tɾoˈpel/"
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ɾoˈpel]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-el"
}
],
"word": "tropel"
}
{
"categories": [
"Galician countable nouns",
"Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"Galician lemmas",
"Galician masculine nouns",
"Galician nouns",
"Galician terms derived from Old French",
"Galician terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese",
"Galician terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "en tropel"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "roa-opt",
"3": "tropel"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese tropel",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "fro",
"3": "tropel",
"t": "group"
},
"expansion": "Old French tropel (“group”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Galician-Portuguese tropel (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Old French tropel (“group”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tropeis",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "tropel m (plural tropeis)",
"name": "gl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "atropelar"
},
{
"word": "tropa"
},
{
"word": "troupelear"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"swarm"
],
"links": [
[
"swarm",
"swarm"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "fato"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"troop"
],
"links": [
[
"troop",
"troop"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tɾɔˈpɛl]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Cantigas de Santa Maria"
],
"word": "tropel"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "troupel",
"3": "troupeau"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: troupel, troupeau",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: troupel, troupeau"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "troupeau"
},
"expansion": "French: troupeau",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: troupeau"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pcd",
"2": "troupiaû",
"3": "troupiô"
},
"expansion": "Picard: troupiaû, troupiô",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Athois"
},
"expansion": "(Athois)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Picard: troupiaû, troupiô (Athois)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wa",
"2": "troupia"
},
"expansion": "Walloon: troupia",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Charleroi"
},
"expansion": "(Charleroi)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Forrières"
},
"expansion": "(Forrières)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Walloon: troupia (Charleroi), tropê (Forrières)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "tropel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: tropel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: tropel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "tropel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Galician-Portuguese: tropel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Galician-Portuguese: tropel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "tropel"
},
"expansion": "Galician: tropel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: tropel"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "frk",
"3": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*troppellus"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *troppellus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "troppus"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin troppus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Vulgar Latin *troppellus, diminutive from Medieval Latin troppus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tropel oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "tropeaus",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tropeax",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tropiaus",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tropiax",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tropels",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tropeaus",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tropeax",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tropiaus",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tropiax",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tropels",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tropel",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "tropel oblique singular, m (oblique plural tropeaus or tropeax or tropiaus or tropiax or tropels, nominative singular tropeaus or tropeax or tropiaus or tropiax or tropels, nominative plural tropel)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French masculine nouns",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Frankish",
"Old French terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"group"
],
"links": [
[
"group",
"group"
]
]
}
],
"word": "tropel"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "atropelar"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "es",
"3": "tropel"
},
"expansion": "Spanish tropel",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Spanish tropel.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tropéis",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "tropel m (plural tropéis)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Portuguese 2-syllable words",
"Portuguese 3-syllable words",
"Portuguese countable nouns",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese masculine nouns",
"Portuguese nouns",
"Portuguese nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Portuguese terms borrowed from Spanish",
"Portuguese terms derived from Spanish",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"swarm (a mass of people or animals in turmoil)"
],
"links": [
[
"swarm",
"swarm"
]
],
"senseid": [
"pt:swarm"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "turba"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tɾoˈpɛw/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[tɾoˈpɛʊ̯]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɾuˈpɛl/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[tɾuˈpɛɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɾuˈpɛl/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[tɾuˈpɛɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɾuˈpɛ.li/",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"Southern"
]
}
],
"word": "tropel"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Spanish/el",
"Rhymes:Spanish/el/2 syllables",
"Spanish 2-syllable words",
"Spanish countable nouns",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish masculine nouns",
"Spanish nouns",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "atropellar"
},
{
"word": "en tropel"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "tropel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: tropel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: tropel"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From tropa.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tropeles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "tropel m (plural tropeles)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"tro‧pel"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "tropa"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"mob, crowd, swarm"
],
"links": [
[
"mob",
"mob"
],
[
"crowd",
"crowd"
],
[
"swarm",
"swarm"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "muchedumbre"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"squad, troop"
],
"links": [
[
"squad",
"squad"
],
[
"troop",
"troop"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tɾoˈpel/"
},
{
"ipa": "[t̪ɾoˈpel]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-el"
}
],
"word": "tropel"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tropel meaning in All languages combined (7.4kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'tropel oblique singular or', originally 'tropel oblique singular or m'",
"path": [
"tropel"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "tropel",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'tropel oblique singular or', originally 'tropel oblique singular or m'",
"path": [
"tropel"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "tropel",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['masculine', 'canonical']: 'tropel oblique singular or' in 'tropel oblique singular, m (oblique plural tropeaus or tropeax or tropiaus or tropiax or tropels, nominative singular tropeaus or tropeax or tropiaus or tropiax or tropels, nominative plural tropel)'",
"path": [
"tropel"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "tropel",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (ce0be54 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.