"traîner" meaning in All languages combined

See traîner on Wiktionary

Verb [French]

IPA: /tʁɛ.ne/, /tʁe.ne/ Audio: Fr-traîner.ogg
Etymology: Inherited from Old French traïner, from Vulgar Latin *tragīnāre, from *tragere (see traire), from Latin trahere (“to pull”). Compare Italian trascinare, Catalan traginar, Spanish trajinar. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|fr|fro|traïner|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old French traïner, {{inh+|fr|fro|traïner}} Inherited from Old French traïner, {{inh|fr|VL.|*tragīnāre}} Vulgar Latin *tragīnāre, {{m|la|*tragere}} *tragere, {{m|fr|traire}} traire, {{inh|fr|la|trahō|trahere|to pull}} Latin trahere (“to pull”), {{cog|it|trascinare}} Italian trascinare, {{cog|ca|traginar}} Catalan traginar, {{cog|es|trajinar}} Spanish trajinar Head templates: {{fr-verb}} traîner Inflection templates: {{fr-conj-auto}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], traîner [infinitive], avoir + past participle [infinitive, multiword-construction], traînant [gerund, participle, present], traînant [gerund, participle, present], ayant + past participle [gerund, multiword-construction, participle, present], traîné [participle, past], traîné [participle, past], traîne [first-person, indicative, present, singular], traînes [indicative, present, second-person, singular], traîne [indicative, present, singular, third-person], traînons [first-person, indicative, plural, present], traînons [first-person, indicative, plural, present], traînez [indicative, plural, present, second-person], traînez [indicative, plural, present, second-person], traînent [indicative, plural, present, third-person], traînais [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], traînais [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], traînais [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], traînais [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], traînait [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], traînait [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], traînions [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], traînions [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], traîniez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], traîniez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], traînaient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], traînaient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], traînai [first-person, historic, indicative, past, singular], traînai [first-person, historic, indicative, past, singular], traînas [historic, indicative, past, second-person, singular], traînas [historic, indicative, past, second-person, singular], traîna [historic, indicative, past, singular, third-person], traîna [historic, indicative, past, singular, third-person], traînâmes [first-person, historic, indicative, past, plural], traînâmes [first-person, historic, indicative, past, plural], traînâtes [historic, indicative, past, plural, second-person], traînâtes [historic, indicative, past, plural, second-person], traînèrent [historic, indicative, past, plural, third-person], traînèrent [historic, indicative, past, plural, third-person], traînerai [first-person, future, indicative, singular], traîneras [future, indicative, second-person, singular], traînera [future, indicative, singular, third-person], traînerons [first-person, future, indicative, plural], traînerez [future, indicative, plural, second-person], traîneront [future, indicative, plural, third-person], traînerais [conditional, first-person, singular], traînerais [conditional, second-person, singular], traînerait [conditional, singular, third-person], traînerions [conditional, first-person, plural], traînerions [conditional, first-person, plural], traîneriez [conditional, plural, second-person], traîneriez [conditional, plural, second-person], traîneraient [conditional, plural, third-person], present indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, present], imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect], past historic of avoir + past participle [anterior, indicative, multiword-construction, past], future of avoir + past participle [future, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect], conditional of avoir + past participle [conditional, multiword-construction, perfect], traîne [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], traînes [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], traîne [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], traînions [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], traînions [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], traîniez [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], traîniez [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], traînent [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], traînasse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], traînasse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], traînasses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], traînasses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], traînât [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], traînât [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], traînassions [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], traînassions [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], traînassiez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], traînassiez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], traînassent [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], traînassent [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], present subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, past, subjunctive], imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, pluperfect, subjunctive], traîne [imperative, second-person, singular], traînons [first-person, imperative, plural], traînons [first-person, imperative, plural], traînez [imperative, plural, second-person], traînez [imperative, plural, second-person], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, second-person, singular], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [first-person, imperative, multiword-construction, plural], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, plural, second-person]
  1. (transitive) to pull, drag Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-traîner-fr-verb-TmXRbjI- Categories (other): French terms with collocations
  2. (transitive, with après) to bring (something bad) Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-traîner-fr-verb-kHAfMTJl Categories (other): French entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of French entries with incorrect language header: 5 16 2 1 28 19 29 1
  3. (transitive or intransitive) to suffer (from), to linger Tags: intransitive, transitive
    Sense id: en-traîner-fr-verb-tQoECmce
  4. (transitive) to drag along Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-traîner-fr-verb-S9Djeue0
  5. (intransitive) to lag behind, to trail Tags: intransitive
    Sense id: en-traîner-fr-verb-ltvylqNO Categories (other): French entries with incorrect language header, French verbs with conjugation -er Disambiguation of French entries with incorrect language header: 5 16 2 1 28 19 29 1 Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 8 9 9 8 24 13 20 9
  6. (intransitive, of people or objects) to lie about, sit around; to hang around Tags: intransitive
    Sense id: en-traîner-fr-verb-aCgLGjyK Categories (other): French entries with incorrect language header, French verbs with conjugation -er Disambiguation of French entries with incorrect language header: 5 16 2 1 28 19 29 1 Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 8 9 9 8 24 13 20 9
  7. (intransitive) to drag on Tags: intransitive
    Sense id: en-traîner-fr-verb-vg5noDiN Categories (other): French entries with incorrect language header, French verbs with conjugation -er Disambiguation of French entries with incorrect language header: 5 16 2 1 28 19 29 1 Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 8 9 9 8 24 13 20 9
  8. (reflexive) to drag oneself, crawl along Tags: reflexive
    Sense id: en-traîner-fr-verb-D6Kmypr6
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: trainer (english: post-1990 spelling) Derived forms: entraîner, traîner dans la boue, traîner la patte, traîner les pieds Related terms: traîneau

Verb [Norman]

Audio: Jer-traîner.ogg [Jersey] Forms: traîn'nie [gerund]
Etymology: From Old French traïner, from Vulgar Latin *tragīnāre, from *tragere, from Latin trahō, trahere (“pull”). Etymology templates: {{inh|nrf|fro|traïner}} Old French traïner, {{inh|nrf|VL.|*tragīnāre}} Vulgar Latin *tragīnāre, {{m|la|*tragere}} *tragere, {{inh|nrf|la|trahō, trahere||pull}} Latin trahō, trahere (“pull”) Head templates: {{head|nrf|verb|gerund|traîn'nie||||head=}} traîner (gerund traîn'nie), {{nrf-verb|ger=traîn'nie}} traîner (gerund traîn'nie)
  1. (Jersey) to drag Tags: Jersey
    Sense id: en-traîner-nrm-verb-JfR-Ge2t Categories (other): Jersey Norman, Norman entries with incorrect language header

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for traîner meaning in All languages combined (21.4kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "entraîner"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "traîner dans la boue"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "traîner la patte"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "traîner les pieds"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "traineren",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Dutch: traineren",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Dutch: traineren"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "traïner",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old French traïner",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "traïner"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old French traïner",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*tragīnāre"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *tragīnāre",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "*tragere"
      },
      "expansion": "*tragere",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "traire"
      },
      "expansion": "traire",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "trahō",
        "4": "trahere",
        "5": "to pull"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin trahere (“to pull”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "trascinare"
      },
      "expansion": "Italian trascinare",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ca",
        "2": "traginar"
      },
      "expansion": "Catalan traginar",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "trajinar"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish trajinar",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old French traïner, from Vulgar Latin *tragīnāre, from *tragere (see traire), from Latin trahere (“to pull”). Compare Italian trascinare, Catalan traginar, Spanish trajinar.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîner",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînant",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînant",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîné",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.ne/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîné",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.ne/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîne",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînes",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîne",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînons",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînons",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînez",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.ne/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînez",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.ne/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînent",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînais",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînais",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînais",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînais",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînait",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînait",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînions",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.njɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînions",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.njɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîniez",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîniez",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînaient",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînaient",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînai",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.ne/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînai",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.ne/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînas",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.na/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînas",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.na/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîna",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.na/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîna",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.na/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînâmes",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînâmes",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînâtes",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînâtes",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînèrent",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînèrent",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînerai",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîneras",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînera",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînerons",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînerez",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîneront",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînerais",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînerais",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînerait",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînerions",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînerions",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîneriez",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîneriez",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîneraient",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîne",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînes",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîne",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînions",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.njɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînions",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.njɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîniez",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîniez",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînent",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînasse",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînasse",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînasses",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînasses",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînât",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.na/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînât",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.na/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînassions",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.na.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînassions",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.na.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînassiez",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.na.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînassiez",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.na.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînassent",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînassent",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîne",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînons",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînons",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînez",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.ne/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînez",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.ne/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "traîner",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "traîneau"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French terms with collocations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with collocations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to drag one's feet",
          "text": "traîner les pieds",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to drag a chair",
          "text": "traîner une chaise",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to drag a table",
          "text": "traîner une table",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to drag a man to prison",
          "text": "traîner un homme en prison",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to pull, drag"
      ],
      "id": "en-traîner-fr-verb-TmXRbjI-",
      "links": [
        [
          "pull",
          "pull"
        ],
        [
          "drag",
          "drag"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to pull, drag"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "5 16 2 1 28 19 29 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to be followed by a long line of beggars",
          "text": "traîner après soi une longue suite de quémandeurs",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "This action led her to a long series of unfortunate events.",
          "text": "Cette action a traîné après elle une longue suite de malheurs.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to bring (something bad)"
      ],
      "id": "en-traîner-fr-verb-kHAfMTJl",
      "links": [
        [
          "après",
          "après#French"
        ],
        [
          "bring",
          "bring"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, with après) to bring (something bad)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with après"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "He lingers through a languishing, unhappy life.",
          "text": "Il traîne une vie languissante et malheureuse.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "And if you didn’t exist / Tell me why I would exist / To linger on in a world without you",
          "ref": "1975, “Et si tu n’existais pas”, in Le Costume blanc, performed by Joe Dassin",
          "text": "Et si tu n’existais pas / Dis-moi pourquoi j’existerais / Pour traîner dans un monde sans toi",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to suffer (from), to linger"
      ],
      "id": "en-traîner-fr-verb-tQoECmce",
      "links": [
        [
          "suffer",
          "suffer"
        ],
        [
          "linger",
          "linger"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive or intransitive) to suffer (from), to linger"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "He dragged me along for a long time before paying me.",
          "text": "Il m’a traîné longtemps avant de me payer.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "The man you are dealing with will drag you along and never put things to an end.",
          "text": "L’homme à qui vous avez affaire vous traînera et ne finira point.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to drag along"
      ],
      "id": "en-traîner-fr-verb-S9Djeue0",
      "links": [
        [
          "drag",
          "drag"
        ],
        [
          "along",
          "along"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to drag along"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "5 16 2 1 28 19 29 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 9 9 8 24 13 20 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "He always lags behind on the trail.",
          "text": "Il traîne toujours en chemin.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to lag behind, to trail"
      ],
      "id": "en-traîner-fr-verb-ltvylqNO",
      "links": [
        [
          "lag",
          "lag"
        ],
        [
          "behind",
          "behind"
        ],
        [
          "trail",
          "trail"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to lag behind, to trail"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "5 16 2 1 28 19 29 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 9 9 8 24 13 20 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "These papiers have been lying around for a long time in my office.",
          "text": "Ces papiers ont traîné longtemps dans mon cabinet.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "I can still hang around for a little while, but I won't go far. You'll stay alone.",
          "ref": "1969, François Mauriac, Un adolescent d’autrefois, Flammarion, page 296",
          "text": "Moi, je peux traîner encore un peu de temps ; mais je n’irai pas loin. Tu resteras seul.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to lie about, sit around; to hang around"
      ],
      "id": "en-traîner-fr-verb-aCgLGjyK",
      "links": [
        [
          "lie",
          "lie"
        ],
        [
          "sit around",
          "sit around"
        ],
        [
          "hang around",
          "hang around"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive, of people or objects) to lie about, sit around; to hang around"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of people or objects"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "5 16 2 1 28 19 29 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 9 9 8 24 13 20 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "His/her divorce is dragging on.",
          "text": "Son divorce traîne.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "The action drags on in this play.",
          "text": "Dans cette pièce l’action traîne.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to drag on"
      ],
      "id": "en-traîner-fr-verb-vg5noDiN",
      "links": [
        [
          "drag on",
          "drag on"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to drag on"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to drag oneself, crawl along"
      ],
      "id": "en-traîner-fr-verb-D6Kmypr6",
      "links": [
        [
          "drag",
          "drag"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive) to drag oneself, crawl along"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reflexive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.ne/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʁe.ne/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-traîner.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/10/Fr-tra%C3%AEner.ogg/Fr-tra%C3%AEner.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/10/Fr-tra%C3%AEner.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "post-1990 spelling",
      "word": "trainer"
    }
  ],
  "word": "traîner"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nrf",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "traïner"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French traïner",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nrf",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*tragīnāre"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *tragīnāre",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "*tragere"
      },
      "expansion": "*tragere",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nrf",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "trahō, trahere",
        "4": "",
        "5": "pull"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin trahō, trahere (“pull”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French traïner, from Vulgar Latin *tragīnāre, from *tragere, from Latin trahō, trahere (“pull”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "traîn'nie",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nrf",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "gerund",
        "4": "traîn'nie",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "traîner (gerund traîn'nie)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "ger": "traîn'nie"
      },
      "expansion": "traîner (gerund traîn'nie)",
      "name": "nrf-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Norman",
  "lang_code": "nrm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Jersey Norman",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Norman entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to drag"
      ],
      "id": "en-traîner-nrm-verb-JfR-Ge2t",
      "links": [
        [
          "drag",
          "drag"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Jersey) to drag"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Jersey"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "audio": "Jer-traîner.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/Jer-tra%C3%AEner.ogg/Jer-tra%C3%AEner.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Jer-tra%C3%AEner.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Jersey"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Jersey)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "traîner"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "French 2-syllable words",
    "French entries with incorrect language header",
    "French first group verbs",
    "French lemmas",
    "French terms derived from Latin",
    "French terms derived from Old French",
    "French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
    "French terms inherited from Latin",
    "French terms inherited from Old French",
    "French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
    "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "French terms with audio links",
    "French verbs",
    "French verbs with conjugation -er"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "entraîner"
    },
    {
      "word": "traîner dans la boue"
    },
    {
      "word": "traîner la patte"
    },
    {
      "word": "traîner les pieds"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "traineren",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Dutch: traineren",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Dutch: traineren"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "traïner",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old French traïner",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "traïner"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old French traïner",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*tragīnāre"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *tragīnāre",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "*tragere"
      },
      "expansion": "*tragere",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "traire"
      },
      "expansion": "traire",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "trahō",
        "4": "trahere",
        "5": "to pull"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin trahere (“to pull”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "trascinare"
      },
      "expansion": "Italian trascinare",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ca",
        "2": "traginar"
      },
      "expansion": "Catalan traginar",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "trajinar"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish trajinar",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old French traïner, from Vulgar Latin *tragīnāre, from *tragere (see traire), from Latin trahere (“to pull”). Compare Italian trascinare, Catalan traginar, Spanish trajinar.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîner",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînant",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînant",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîné",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.ne/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîné",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.ne/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîne",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînes",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîne",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînons",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînons",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînez",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.ne/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînez",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.ne/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînent",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînais",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînais",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînais",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînais",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînait",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînait",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînions",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.njɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînions",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.njɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîniez",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîniez",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînaient",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînaient",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînai",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.ne/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînai",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.ne/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînas",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.na/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînas",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.na/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîna",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.na/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîna",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.na/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînâmes",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînâmes",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînâtes",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînâtes",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînèrent",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînèrent",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînerai",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîneras",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînera",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînerons",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînerez",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîneront",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînerais",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînerais",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînerait",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînerions",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînerions",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîneriez",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîneriez",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîneraient",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîne",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînes",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîne",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînions",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.njɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînions",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.njɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîniez",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîniez",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînent",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînasse",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînasse",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînasses",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînasses",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînât",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.na/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînât",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.na/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînassions",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.na.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînassions",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.na.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînassiez",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.na.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînassiez",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.na.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînassent",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînassent",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traîne",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛn/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînons",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.nɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînons",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.nɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînez",
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.ne/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "traînez",
      "ipa": "/tʁe.ne/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "traîner",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "traîneau"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "French terms with collocations",
        "French terms with usage examples",
        "French transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to drag one's feet",
          "text": "traîner les pieds",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to drag a chair",
          "text": "traîner une chaise",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to drag a table",
          "text": "traîner une table",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to drag a man to prison",
          "text": "traîner un homme en prison",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to pull, drag"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pull",
          "pull"
        ],
        [
          "drag",
          "drag"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to pull, drag"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French terms with usage examples",
        "French transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to be followed by a long line of beggars",
          "text": "traîner après soi une longue suite de quémandeurs",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "This action led her to a long series of unfortunate events.",
          "text": "Cette action a traîné après elle une longue suite de malheurs.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to bring (something bad)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "après",
          "après#French"
        ],
        [
          "bring",
          "bring"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, with après) to bring (something bad)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with après"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French intransitive verbs",
        "French terms with quotations",
        "French terms with usage examples",
        "French transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "He lingers through a languishing, unhappy life.",
          "text": "Il traîne une vie languissante et malheureuse.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "And if you didn’t exist / Tell me why I would exist / To linger on in a world without you",
          "ref": "1975, “Et si tu n’existais pas”, in Le Costume blanc, performed by Joe Dassin",
          "text": "Et si tu n’existais pas / Dis-moi pourquoi j’existerais / Pour traîner dans un monde sans toi",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to suffer (from), to linger"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "suffer",
          "suffer"
        ],
        [
          "linger",
          "linger"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive or intransitive) to suffer (from), to linger"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French terms with usage examples",
        "French transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "He dragged me along for a long time before paying me.",
          "text": "Il m’a traîné longtemps avant de me payer.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "The man you are dealing with will drag you along and never put things to an end.",
          "text": "L’homme à qui vous avez affaire vous traînera et ne finira point.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to drag along"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "drag",
          "drag"
        ],
        [
          "along",
          "along"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to drag along"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French intransitive verbs",
        "French terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "He always lags behind on the trail.",
          "text": "Il traîne toujours en chemin.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to lag behind, to trail"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lag",
          "lag"
        ],
        [
          "behind",
          "behind"
        ],
        [
          "trail",
          "trail"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to lag behind, to trail"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French intransitive verbs",
        "French terms with quotations",
        "French terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "These papiers have been lying around for a long time in my office.",
          "text": "Ces papiers ont traîné longtemps dans mon cabinet.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "I can still hang around for a little while, but I won't go far. You'll stay alone.",
          "ref": "1969, François Mauriac, Un adolescent d’autrefois, Flammarion, page 296",
          "text": "Moi, je peux traîner encore un peu de temps ; mais je n’irai pas loin. Tu resteras seul.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to lie about, sit around; to hang around"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lie",
          "lie"
        ],
        [
          "sit around",
          "sit around"
        ],
        [
          "hang around",
          "hang around"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive, of people or objects) to lie about, sit around; to hang around"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of people or objects"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French intransitive verbs",
        "French terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "His/her divorce is dragging on.",
          "text": "Son divorce traîne.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "The action drags on in this play.",
          "text": "Dans cette pièce l’action traîne.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to drag on"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "drag on",
          "drag on"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to drag on"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French reflexive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to drag oneself, crawl along"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "drag",
          "drag"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive) to drag oneself, crawl along"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reflexive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/tʁɛ.ne/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/tʁe.ne/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-traîner.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/10/Fr-tra%C3%AEner.ogg/Fr-tra%C3%AEner.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/10/Fr-tra%C3%AEner.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "english": "post-1990 spelling",
      "word": "trainer"
    }
  ],
  "word": "traîner"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nrf",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "traïner"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French traïner",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nrf",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*tragīnāre"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *tragīnāre",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "*tragere"
      },
      "expansion": "*tragere",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nrf",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "trahō, trahere",
        "4": "",
        "5": "pull"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin trahō, trahere (“pull”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French traïner, from Vulgar Latin *tragīnāre, from *tragere, from Latin trahō, trahere (“pull”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "traîn'nie",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nrf",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "gerund",
        "4": "traîn'nie",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "traîner (gerund traîn'nie)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "ger": "traîn'nie"
      },
      "expansion": "traîner (gerund traîn'nie)",
      "name": "nrf-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Norman",
  "lang_code": "nrm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Jersey Norman",
        "Norman entries with incorrect language header",
        "Norman lemmas",
        "Norman terms derived from Latin",
        "Norman terms derived from Old French",
        "Norman terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
        "Norman terms inherited from Latin",
        "Norman terms inherited from Old French",
        "Norman terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
        "Norman terms with audio links",
        "Norman verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to drag"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "drag",
          "drag"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Jersey) to drag"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Jersey"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "audio": "Jer-traîner.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/Jer-tra%C3%AEner.ogg/Jer-tra%C3%AEner.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Jer-tra%C3%AEner.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Jersey"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Jersey)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "traîner"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.