"toprak" meaning in All languages combined

See toprak on Wiktionary

Noun [Proto-Turkic]

Etymology: From Proto-Turkic *topur (“soil, earth”) + *-ak (diminutive suffix). Compare Proto-Mongolic *toxurag (“dust”). Also related to Karakhanid تُبُرْغانْ (topurğan). This in turn goes back to Proto-Turkic *topur-. Etymology templates: {{cog|trk-pro|*topur|t=soil, earth}} Proto-Turkic *topur (“soil, earth”), {{suffix|trk-pro||*-ak}} + *-ak, {{cog|xgn-pro|*toxurag|t=dust}} Proto-Mongolic *toxurag (“dust”), {{cog|xqa|تُبُرْغانْ|tr=topurğan}} Karakhanid تُبُرْغانْ (topurğan), {{cog|trk-pro|*topur-}} Proto-Turkic *topur- Head templates: {{head|trk-pro|noun}} *toprak Inflection templates: {{trk-pro-decl-noun|a}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], toprak [nominative, singular], topraknï [accusative, singular], toprakïg [accusative, singular], topraknïg [accusative, singular], topraknïŋ [genitive, singular], toprakka [dative, singular], toprakda [locative, singular], toprakdan [ablative, singular], toprakgaru [allative, singular], toprakïn [instrumental, singular], toprakča [equative, singular], topraklayu [error-unrecognized-form, singular], topraklïgu [comitative, singular]
  1. soil Tags: reconstruction

Noun [Turkish]

IPA: /topˈɾɑk/ Audio: LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-toprak.wav
Etymology: From Ottoman Turkish طوپراق (toprak), from Proto-Turkic *toprak. Cognate with Azerbaijani torpaq, etc. Etymology templates: {{inh|tr|ota|طوپراق|tr=toprak}} Ottoman Turkish طوپراق (toprak), {{inh|tr|trk-pro|*toprak}} Proto-Turkic *toprak, {{cog|az|torpaq}} Azerbaijani torpaq Head templates: {{head|tr|noun|definite accusative|toprağı|||plural|topraklar|f1accel-form=def|acc|s|f1request=1|f3accel-form=nom|p|f3request=1|head=|sort=}} toprak (definite accusative toprağı, plural topraklar), {{tr-noun|toprağı|lar}} toprak (definite accusative toprağı, plural topraklar) Inflection templates: {{tr-infl-noun-c|a|poss=1|stem=toprağ}} Forms: toprağı [accusative, definite], topraklar [plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], toprak [nominative, singular], topraklar [nominative, plural], toprağı [accusative, definite, singular], toprakları [accusative, definite, plural], toprağa [dative, singular], topraklara [dative, plural], toprakta [locative, singular], topraklarda [locative, plural], topraktan [ablative, singular], topraklardan [ablative, plural], toprağın [genitive, singular], toprakların [genitive, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], toprağım [first-person, nominative, singular], topraklarım [first-person, nominative, singular], toprağın [nominative, second-person, singular], toprakların [nominative, second-person, singular], toprağı [nominative, singular, third-person], toprakları [nominative, singular, third-person], toprağımız [first-person, nominative, plural], topraklarımız [first-person, nominative, plural], toprağınız [nominative, plural, second-person], topraklarınız [nominative, plural, second-person], toprakları [nominative, plural, third-person], toprağımı [accusative, definite, first-person, singular], topraklarımı [accusative, definite, first-person, singular], toprağını [accusative, definite, second-person, singular], topraklarını [accusative, definite, second-person, singular], toprağını [accusative, definite, singular, third-person], topraklarını [accusative, definite, singular, third-person], toprağımızı [accusative, definite, first-person, plural], topraklarımızı [accusative, definite, first-person, plural], toprağınızı [accusative, definite, plural, second-person], topraklarınızı [accusative, definite, plural, second-person], topraklarını [accusative, definite, plural, third-person], toprağıma [dative, first-person, singular], topraklarıma [dative, first-person, singular], toprağına [dative, second-person, singular], topraklarına [dative, second-person, singular], toprağına [dative, singular, third-person], topraklarına [dative, singular, third-person], toprağımıza [dative, first-person, plural], topraklarımıza [dative, first-person, plural], toprağınıza [dative, plural, second-person], topraklarınıza [dative, plural, second-person], topraklarına [dative, plural, third-person], toprağımda [first-person, locative, singular], topraklarımda [first-person, locative, singular], toprağında [locative, second-person, singular], topraklarında [locative, second-person, singular], toprağında [locative, singular, third-person], topraklarında [locative, singular, third-person], toprağımızda [first-person, locative, plural], topraklarımızda [first-person, locative, plural], toprağınızda [locative, plural, second-person], topraklarınızda [locative, plural, second-person], topraklarında [locative, plural, third-person], toprağımdan [ablative, first-person, singular], topraklarımdan [ablative, first-person, singular], toprağından [ablative, second-person, singular], topraklarından [ablative, second-person, singular], toprağından [ablative, singular, third-person], topraklarından [ablative, singular, third-person], toprağımızdan [ablative, first-person, plural], topraklarımızdan [ablative, first-person, plural], toprağınızdan [ablative, plural, second-person], topraklarınızdan [ablative, plural, second-person], topraklarından [ablative, plural, third-person], toprağımın [first-person, genitive, singular], topraklarımın [first-person, genitive, singular], toprağının [genitive, second-person, singular], topraklarının [genitive, second-person, singular], toprağının [genitive, singular, third-person], topraklarının [genitive, singular, third-person], toprağımızın [first-person, genitive, plural], topraklarımızın [first-person, genitive, plural], toprağınızın [genitive, plural, second-person], topraklarınızın [genitive, plural, second-person], topraklarının [genitive, plural, third-person]
  1. earth (soil)
    Sense id: en-toprak-tr-noun-~IAI~Dq6 Categories (other): Turkish entries with incorrect language header, Turkish nouns with irregular stem Disambiguation of Turkish entries with incorrect language header: 25 25 25 25 Disambiguation of Turkish nouns with irregular stem: 25 25 25 25
  2. dry soil
    Sense id: en-toprak-tr-noun-WV0rFCc6 Categories (other): Turkish entries with incorrect language header, Turkish nouns with irregular stem Disambiguation of Turkish entries with incorrect language header: 25 25 25 25 Disambiguation of Turkish nouns with irregular stem: 25 25 25 25
  3. land
    Sense id: en-toprak-tr-noun-kOrmNIfK Categories (other): Turkish entries with incorrect language header, Turkish nouns with irregular stem Disambiguation of Turkish entries with incorrect language header: 25 25 25 25 Disambiguation of Turkish nouns with irregular stem: 25 25 25 25
  4. country
    Sense id: en-toprak-tr-noun-r~ZOT9Ug Categories (other): Turkish entries with incorrect language header, Turkish nouns with irregular stem Disambiguation of Turkish entries with incorrect language header: 25 25 25 25 Disambiguation of Turkish nouns with irregular stem: 25 25 25 25
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Hypernyms: humuslu toprak, killi toprak, kireçli toprak, kumlu toprak, marnlı toprak, taşlı toprak, tınlı toprak Related terms: toprak alanı, toprak burgusu, toprak karışımı, toprak parçası, toprak vergisi
Derived forms: toprakça, toprakçı, toprakçık, toprakçıl, toprakçılık, toprakken, toprakla, topraklı, topraksa, topraksı, topraksız

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for toprak meaning in All languages combined (21.7kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "toprakça"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "toprakçı"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "toprakçık"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "toprakçıl"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "toprakçılık"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "toprakken"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "toprakla"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "topraklı"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "topraksa"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "topraksı"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "topraksız"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "ota",
        "3": "طوپراق",
        "tr": "toprak"
      },
      "expansion": "Ottoman Turkish طوپراق (toprak)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "trk-pro",
        "3": "*toprak"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Turkic *toprak",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "az",
        "2": "torpaq"
      },
      "expansion": "Azerbaijani torpaq",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish طوپراق (toprak), from Proto-Turkic *toprak. Cognate with Azerbaijani torpaq, etc.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "toprağı",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklar",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tr-infl-noun-c",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağı",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprakları",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklara",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprakta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraktan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklardan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağın",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprakların",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tr-infl-noun-c",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağım",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarım",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağın",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprakların",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağı",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprakları",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağımız",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarımız",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağınız",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarınız",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprakları",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağımı",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarımı",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağını",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarını",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağını",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarını",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağımızı",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarımızı",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağınızı",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarınızı",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarını",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağıma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarıma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağına",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarına",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağına",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarına",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağımıza",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarımıza",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağınıza",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarınıza",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarına",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağımda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarımda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağında",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarında",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağında",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarında",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağımızda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarımızda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağınızda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarınızda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarında",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağımdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarımdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağından",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarından",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağından",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarından",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağımızdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarımızdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağınızdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarınızdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarından",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağımın",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarımın",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağının",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarının",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağının",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarının",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağımızın",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarımızın",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağınızın",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarınızın",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarının",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "definite accusative",
        "4": "toprağı",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "plural",
        "8": "topraklar",
        "f1accel-form": "def|acc|s",
        "f1request": "1",
        "f3accel-form": "nom|p",
        "f3request": "1",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "toprak (definite accusative toprağı, plural topraklar)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "toprağı",
        "2": "lar"
      },
      "expansion": "toprak (definite accusative toprağı, plural topraklar)",
      "name": "tr-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hypernyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "humuslu toprak"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "killi toprak"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "kireçli toprak"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "kumlu toprak"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "marnlı toprak"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "taşlı toprak"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "tınlı toprak"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "top‧rak"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "a",
        "poss": "1",
        "stem": "toprağ"
      },
      "name": "tr-infl-noun-c"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Turkish",
  "lang_code": "tr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "toprak alanı"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "toprak burgusu"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "toprak karışımı"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "toprak parçası"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "toprak vergisi"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "25 25 25 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 25 25 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Turkish nouns with irregular stem",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "earth (soil)"
      ],
      "id": "en-toprak-tr-noun-~IAI~Dq6",
      "links": [
        [
          "earth",
          "earth"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "25 25 25 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 25 25 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Turkish nouns with irregular stem",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dry soil"
      ],
      "id": "en-toprak-tr-noun-WV0rFCc6",
      "links": [
        [
          "soil",
          "soil"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "25 25 25 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 25 25 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Turkish nouns with irregular stem",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "land"
      ],
      "id": "en-toprak-tr-noun-kOrmNIfK",
      "links": [
        [
          "land",
          "land"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "25 25 25 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 25 25 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Turkish nouns with irregular stem",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "country"
      ],
      "id": "en-toprak-tr-noun-r~ZOT9Ug",
      "links": [
        [
          "country",
          "country"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/topˈɾɑk/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-toprak.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-toprak.wav/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-toprak.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-toprak.wav/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-toprak.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "toprak"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xgn-pro",
            "2": "*toxurag",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Mongolic: *toxurag",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-Mongolic: *toxurag"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mn",
            "2": "товрог"
          },
          "expansion": "Mongolian: товрог (tovrog)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Mongolian: товрог (tovrog)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Oghur:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cv",
            "2": "тӑпра"
          },
          "expansion": "Chuvash: тӑпра (tăpra)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Chuvash: тӑпра (tăpra)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Common Turkic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Arghu:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "klj",
            "2": "turpâq"
          },
          "expansion": "Khalaj: turpâq",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Khalaj: turpâq"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Oghuz:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "trk-oat",
            "2": "طپراق"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: طپراق",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: طپراق"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "az",
            "2": "torpaq"
          },
          "expansion": "Azerbaijani: torpaq",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Azerbaijani: torpaq"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ota",
            "2": "طوپراق"
          },
          "expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: طوپراق",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ottoman Turkish: طوپراق"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tr",
            "2": "toprak"
          },
          "expansion": "Turkish: toprak",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Turkish: toprak"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gag",
            "2": "toprak"
          },
          "expansion": "Gagauz: toprak",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gagauz: toprak"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "slr",
            "2": "tōraq"
          },
          "expansion": "Salar: tōraq",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Salar: tōraq"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tk",
            "2": "toprak"
          },
          "expansion": "Turkmen: toprak",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Turkmen: toprak"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Karluk:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xqa",
            "2": "تُبْراقْ",
            "tr": "toprāq"
          },
          "expansion": "Karakhanid: تُبْراقْ (toprāq)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karakhanid: تُبْراقْ (toprāq)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uz",
            "2": "tuproq"
          },
          "expansion": "Uzbek: tuproq",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Uzbek: tuproq"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ug",
            "2": "تۇپراق"
          },
          "expansion": "Uyghur: تۇپراق (tupraq)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Uyghur: تۇپراق (tupraq)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ba",
            "2": "тупраҡ"
          },
          "expansion": "Bashkir: тупраҡ (tupraq)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bashkir: тупраҡ (tupraq)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tt",
            "2": "туфрак"
          },
          "expansion": "Tatar: туфрак (tufraq)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tatar: туфрак (tufraq)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "crh",
            "2": "topraq"
          },
          "expansion": "Crimean Tatar: topraq",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Crimean Tatar: topraq"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kum",
            "2": "топуракъ"
          },
          "expansion": "Kumyk: топуракъ (topuraq)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kumyk: топуракъ (topuraq)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "krc",
            "2": "топракъ"
          },
          "expansion": "Karachay-Balkar: топракъ (topraq)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karachay-Balkar: топракъ (topraq)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kdr",
            "2": "топракъ",
            "3": "топрах"
          },
          "expansion": "Karaim: топракъ, топрах",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karaim: топракъ, топрах"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Caspian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kaa",
            "2": "topi’raq"
          },
          "expansion": "Karakalpak: topi’raq",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karakalpak: topi’raq"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kk",
            "2": "топырақ"
          },
          "expansion": "Kazakh: топырақ (topyraq)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kazakh: топырақ (topyraq)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nog",
            "2": "топырак"
          },
          "expansion": "Nogai: топырак (topırak)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Nogai: топырак (topırak)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ky",
            "2": "топурак"
          },
          "expansion": "Kyrgyz: топурак (topurak)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kyrgyz: топурак (topurak)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "alt",
            "2": "тобрак"
          },
          "expansion": "Southern Altai: тобрак (tobrak)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Southern Altai: тобрак (tobrak)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Siberian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "oui",
            "2": "twpr?՚?q?",
            "tr": "tupraq"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Uyghur: twpr?՚?q? (tupraq)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Uyghur: twpr?՚?q? (tupraq)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ybe",
            "2": "torvaq"
          },
          "expansion": "Western Yugur: torvaq",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Western Yugur: torvaq"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Siberian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sah",
            "2": "тобурах",
            "t": "hail; dust"
          },
          "expansion": "Yakut: тобурах (toburaq, “hail; dust”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Yakut: тобурах (toburaq, “hail; dust”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Siberian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sayan Turkic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tyv",
            "2": "довурак"
          },
          "expansion": "Tuvan: довурак (dovurak)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tuvan: довурак (dovurak)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kim",
            "2": "тоъпраӄ"
          },
          "expansion": "Tofa: тоъпраӄ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tofa: тоъпраӄ"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Yenisei Turkic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kjh",
            "2": "тобырах"
          },
          "expansion": "Khakas: тобырах (tobırax)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Khakas: тобырах (tobırax)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cjs",
            "2": "тобрақ"
          },
          "expansion": "Shor: тобрақ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Shor: тобрақ"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trk-pro",
        "2": "*topur",
        "t": "soil, earth"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Turkic *topur (“soil, earth”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trk-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*-ak"
      },
      "expansion": "+ *-ak",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xgn-pro",
        "2": "*toxurag",
        "t": "dust"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *toxurag (“dust”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xqa",
        "2": "تُبُرْغانْ",
        "tr": "topurğan"
      },
      "expansion": "Karakhanid تُبُرْغانْ (topurğan)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trk-pro",
        "2": "*topur-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Turkic *topur-",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Turkic *topur (“soil, earth”) + *-ak (diminutive suffix).\nCompare Proto-Mongolic *toxurag (“dust”).\nAlso related to Karakhanid تُبُرْغانْ (topurğan). This in turn goes back to Proto-Turkic *topur-.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trk-pro-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraknï",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprakïg",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraknïg",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraknïŋ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprakka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprakda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprakdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprakgaru",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprakïn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprakča",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "equative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklayu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklïgu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trk-pro",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "*toprak",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "a"
      },
      "name": "trk-pro-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Turkic",
  "lang_code": "trk-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/toprak",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Turkic terms suffixed with *-ak",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Salar links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "soil"
      ],
      "id": "en-toprak-trk-pro-noun-6T1ZoCFj",
      "links": [
        [
          "soil",
          "soil"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "toprak"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xgn-pro",
            "2": "*toxurag",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Mongolic: *toxurag",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-Mongolic: *toxurag"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mn",
            "2": "товрог"
          },
          "expansion": "Mongolian: товрог (tovrog)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Mongolian: товрог (tovrog)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Oghur:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cv",
            "2": "тӑпра"
          },
          "expansion": "Chuvash: тӑпра (tăpra)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Chuvash: тӑпра (tăpra)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Common Turkic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Arghu:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "klj",
            "2": "turpâq"
          },
          "expansion": "Khalaj: turpâq",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Khalaj: turpâq"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Oghuz:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "trk-oat",
            "2": "طپراق"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish: طپراق",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Anatolian Turkish: طپراق"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "az",
            "2": "torpaq"
          },
          "expansion": "Azerbaijani: torpaq",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Azerbaijani: torpaq"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ota",
            "2": "طوپراق"
          },
          "expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: طوپراق",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ottoman Turkish: طوپراق"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tr",
            "2": "toprak"
          },
          "expansion": "Turkish: toprak",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Turkish: toprak"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gag",
            "2": "toprak"
          },
          "expansion": "Gagauz: toprak",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gagauz: toprak"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "slr",
            "2": "tōraq"
          },
          "expansion": "Salar: tōraq",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Salar: tōraq"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tk",
            "2": "toprak"
          },
          "expansion": "Turkmen: toprak",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Turkmen: toprak"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Karluk:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xqa",
            "2": "تُبْراقْ",
            "tr": "toprāq"
          },
          "expansion": "Karakhanid: تُبْراقْ (toprāq)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karakhanid: تُبْراقْ (toprāq)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uz",
            "2": "tuproq"
          },
          "expansion": "Uzbek: tuproq",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Uzbek: tuproq"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ug",
            "2": "تۇپراق"
          },
          "expansion": "Uyghur: تۇپراق (tupraq)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Uyghur: تۇپراق (tupraq)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ba",
            "2": "тупраҡ"
          },
          "expansion": "Bashkir: тупраҡ (tupraq)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bashkir: тупраҡ (tupraq)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tt",
            "2": "туфрак"
          },
          "expansion": "Tatar: туфрак (tufraq)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tatar: туфрак (tufraq)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "crh",
            "2": "topraq"
          },
          "expansion": "Crimean Tatar: topraq",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Crimean Tatar: topraq"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kum",
            "2": "топуракъ"
          },
          "expansion": "Kumyk: топуракъ (topuraq)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kumyk: топуракъ (topuraq)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "krc",
            "2": "топракъ"
          },
          "expansion": "Karachay-Balkar: топракъ (topraq)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karachay-Balkar: топракъ (topraq)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kdr",
            "2": "топракъ",
            "3": "топрах"
          },
          "expansion": "Karaim: топракъ, топрах",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karaim: топракъ, топрах"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Caspian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kaa",
            "2": "topi’raq"
          },
          "expansion": "Karakalpak: topi’raq",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karakalpak: topi’raq"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kk",
            "2": "топырақ"
          },
          "expansion": "Kazakh: топырақ (topyraq)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kazakh: топырақ (topyraq)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nog",
            "2": "топырак"
          },
          "expansion": "Nogai: топырак (topırak)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Nogai: топырак (topırak)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ky",
            "2": "топурак"
          },
          "expansion": "Kyrgyz: топурак (topurak)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kyrgyz: топурак (topurak)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "alt",
            "2": "тобрак"
          },
          "expansion": "Southern Altai: тобрак (tobrak)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Southern Altai: тобрак (tobrak)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Siberian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "oui",
            "2": "twpr?՚?q?",
            "tr": "tupraq"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Uyghur: twpr?՚?q? (tupraq)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Uyghur: twpr?՚?q? (tupraq)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ybe",
            "2": "torvaq"
          },
          "expansion": "Western Yugur: torvaq",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Western Yugur: torvaq"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Siberian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sah",
            "2": "тобурах",
            "t": "hail; dust"
          },
          "expansion": "Yakut: тобурах (toburaq, “hail; dust”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Yakut: тобурах (toburaq, “hail; dust”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Siberian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sayan Turkic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tyv",
            "2": "довурак"
          },
          "expansion": "Tuvan: довурак (dovurak)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tuvan: довурак (dovurak)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kim",
            "2": "тоъпраӄ"
          },
          "expansion": "Tofa: тоъпраӄ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tofa: тоъпраӄ"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Yenisei Turkic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kjh",
            "2": "тобырах"
          },
          "expansion": "Khakas: тобырах (tobırax)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Khakas: тобырах (tobırax)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cjs",
            "2": "тобрақ"
          },
          "expansion": "Shor: тобрақ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Shor: тобрақ"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trk-pro",
        "2": "*topur",
        "t": "soil, earth"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Turkic *topur (“soil, earth”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trk-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*-ak"
      },
      "expansion": "+ *-ak",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xgn-pro",
        "2": "*toxurag",
        "t": "dust"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *toxurag (“dust”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xqa",
        "2": "تُبُرْغانْ",
        "tr": "topurğan"
      },
      "expansion": "Karakhanid تُبُرْغانْ (topurğan)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trk-pro",
        "2": "*topur-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Turkic *topur-",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Turkic *topur (“soil, earth”) + *-ak (diminutive suffix).\nCompare Proto-Mongolic *toxurag (“dust”).\nAlso related to Karakhanid تُبُرْغانْ (topurğan). This in turn goes back to Proto-Turkic *topur-.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trk-pro-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraknï",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprakïg",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraknïg",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraknïŋ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprakka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprakda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprakdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprakgaru",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprakïn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprakča",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "equative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklayu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklïgu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "trk-pro",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "*toprak",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "a"
      },
      "name": "trk-pro-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Turkic",
  "lang_code": "trk-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/toprak",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Turkic lemmas",
        "Proto-Turkic nouns",
        "Proto-Turkic terms suffixed with *-ak",
        "Salar links with redundant wikilinks",
        "trk-pro:Landforms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "soil"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "soil",
          "soil"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "toprak"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Turkish lemmas",
    "Turkish nouns",
    "Turkish nouns with irregular stem",
    "Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
    "Turkish terms derived from Proto-Turkic",
    "Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish",
    "Turkish terms inherited from Proto-Turkic",
    "Turkish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Turkish terms with audio links"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "toprakça"
    },
    {
      "word": "toprakçı"
    },
    {
      "word": "toprakçık"
    },
    {
      "word": "toprakçıl"
    },
    {
      "word": "toprakçılık"
    },
    {
      "word": "toprakken"
    },
    {
      "word": "toprakla"
    },
    {
      "word": "topraklı"
    },
    {
      "word": "topraksa"
    },
    {
      "word": "topraksı"
    },
    {
      "word": "topraksız"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "ota",
        "3": "طوپراق",
        "tr": "toprak"
      },
      "expansion": "Ottoman Turkish طوپراق (toprak)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "trk-pro",
        "3": "*toprak"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Turkic *toprak",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "az",
        "2": "torpaq"
      },
      "expansion": "Azerbaijani torpaq",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish طوپراق (toprak), from Proto-Turkic *toprak. Cognate with Azerbaijani torpaq, etc.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "toprağı",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklar",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tr-infl-noun-c",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağı",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprakları",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklara",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprakta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraktan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklardan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağın",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprakların",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tr-infl-noun-c",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağım",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarım",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağın",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprakların",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağı",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprakları",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağımız",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarımız",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağınız",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarınız",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprakları",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağımı",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarımı",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağını",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarını",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağını",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarını",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağımızı",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarımızı",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağınızı",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarınızı",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarını",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağıma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarıma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağına",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarına",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağına",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarına",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağımıza",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarımıza",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağınıza",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarınıza",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarına",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağımda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarımda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağında",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarında",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağında",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarında",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağımızda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarımızda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağınızda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarınızda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarında",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağımdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarımdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağından",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarından",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağından",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarından",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağımızdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarımızdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağınızdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarınızdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarından",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağımın",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarımın",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağının",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarının",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağının",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarının",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağımızın",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarımızın",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toprağınızın",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarınızın",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "topraklarının",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "definite accusative",
        "4": "toprağı",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "plural",
        "8": "topraklar",
        "f1accel-form": "def|acc|s",
        "f1request": "1",
        "f3accel-form": "nom|p",
        "f3request": "1",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "toprak (definite accusative toprağı, plural topraklar)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "toprağı",
        "2": "lar"
      },
      "expansion": "toprak (definite accusative toprağı, plural topraklar)",
      "name": "tr-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hypernyms": [
    {
      "word": "humuslu toprak"
    },
    {
      "word": "killi toprak"
    },
    {
      "word": "kireçli toprak"
    },
    {
      "word": "kumlu toprak"
    },
    {
      "word": "marnlı toprak"
    },
    {
      "word": "taşlı toprak"
    },
    {
      "word": "tınlı toprak"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "top‧rak"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "a",
        "poss": "1",
        "stem": "toprağ"
      },
      "name": "tr-infl-noun-c"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Turkish",
  "lang_code": "tr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "toprak alanı"
    },
    {
      "word": "toprak burgusu"
    },
    {
      "word": "toprak karışımı"
    },
    {
      "word": "toprak parçası"
    },
    {
      "word": "toprak vergisi"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "earth (soil)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "earth",
          "earth"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "dry soil"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "soil",
          "soil"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "land"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "land",
          "land"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "country"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "country",
          "country"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/topˈɾɑk/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-toprak.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-toprak.wav/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-toprak.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-toprak.wav/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-toprak.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "toprak"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.