See thurvan on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for thurvan meaning in All languages combined (5.9kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "dorven"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: dorven\nDutch: durven (conflated in meaning with dorren)\nAfrikaans: durf\nJavindo: durref\nNegerhollands: derv, dėfo\n→ Papiamentu: dùrf\nLimburgish: dörve",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: dorven\nDutch: durven (conflated in meaning with dorren)\nAfrikaans: durf\nJavindo: durref\nNegerhollands: derv, dėfo\n→ Papiamentu: dùrf\nLimburgish: dörve"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þurban"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þurban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þurbaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þurbaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *þurban, from Proto-Germanic *þurbaną.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "verb",
"cat2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "thurvan",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "thurvan",
"name": "odt-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "39 28 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to need"
],
"id": "en-thurvan-odt-verb-fCXPH8yL",
"links": [
[
"need",
"need"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "39 28 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be required"
],
"id": "en-thurvan-odt-verb-iCL-rwhJ",
"links": [
[
"required",
"required"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "39 28 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"may, to be allowed to"
],
"id": "en-thurvan-odt-verb-cJYHfbbS",
"links": [
[
"may",
"may"
]
]
}
],
"word": "thurvan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "dürven",
"3": "dörven",
"4": "dröven"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: dürven, dörven, dröven",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: dürven, dörven, dröven"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "dörven",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Low German: dörven, dröven, dröffen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: dörven, dröven, dröffen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þurban"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þurban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þurbaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þurbaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*terp-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *terp-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *þurban, from Proto-Germanic *þurbaną, from Proto-Indo-European *terp-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "osx-conj-pp",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "thurvan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "tharf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thorfta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tharft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thorftes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tharf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thorfta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thurvun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thorftun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "thurvi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thorfti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thurvis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thorftis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thurvi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thorfti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thurvin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thorftin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thurvandi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "verb",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "thurvan",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"type": "pretpres"
},
"expansion": "thurvan",
"name": "osx-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tharf",
"2": "thurv",
"3": "thorft",
"pres2sg": "tharft"
},
"name": "osx-conj-pp"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bithurvan"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "they all wondered who he should need for so long to serve his Lords",
"roman": "uundrodun alla bihuuî he thar sô lango frâon sînun thionon thorfti",
"text": "9th c. Heliand, verse 178",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to need, to be allowed (to do something)"
],
"id": "en-thurvan-osx-verb-gW58Ibp1",
"links": [
[
"need",
"need"
],
[
"allowed",
"allowed"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "thurƀan"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈθurfɑn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈθurβɑn]"
}
],
"word": "thurvan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Dutch lemmas",
"Old Dutch preterite-present verbs",
"Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Dutch verbs"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "dorven"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: dorven\nDutch: durven (conflated in meaning with dorren)\nAfrikaans: durf\nJavindo: durref\nNegerhollands: derv, dėfo\n→ Papiamentu: dùrf\nLimburgish: dörve",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: dorven\nDutch: durven (conflated in meaning with dorren)\nAfrikaans: durf\nJavindo: durref\nNegerhollands: derv, dėfo\n→ Papiamentu: dùrf\nLimburgish: dörve"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þurban"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þurban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þurbaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þurbaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *þurban, from Proto-Germanic *þurbaną.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "verb",
"cat2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "thurvan",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "thurvan",
"name": "odt-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to need"
],
"links": [
[
"need",
"need"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to be required"
],
"links": [
[
"required",
"required"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"may, to be allowed to"
],
"links": [
[
"may",
"may"
]
]
}
],
"word": "thurvan"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "bithurvan"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "dürven",
"3": "dörven",
"4": "dröven"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: dürven, dörven, dröven",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: dürven, dörven, dröven"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "dörven",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Low German: dörven, dröven, dröffen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: dörven, dröven, dröffen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þurban"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þurban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þurbaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þurbaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*terp-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *terp-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *þurban, from Proto-Germanic *þurbaną, from Proto-Indo-European *terp-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "osx-conj-pp",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "thurvan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "tharf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thorfta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tharft",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thorftes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tharf",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thorfta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thurvun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thorftun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "thurvi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thorfti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thurvis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thorftis",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "thurvi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thorfti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "thurvin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thorftin",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "thurvandi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "verb",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "thurvan",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"type": "pretpres"
},
"expansion": "thurvan",
"name": "osx-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tharf",
"2": "thurv",
"3": "thorft",
"pres2sg": "tharft"
},
"name": "osx-conj-pp"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Saxon lemmas",
"Old Saxon preterite-present verbs",
"Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Saxon terms with quotations",
"Old Saxon verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "they all wondered who he should need for so long to serve his Lords",
"roman": "uundrodun alla bihuuî he thar sô lango frâon sînun thionon thorfti",
"text": "9th c. Heliand, verse 178",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to need, to be allowed (to do something)"
],
"links": [
[
"need",
"need"
],
[
"allowed",
"allowed"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈθurfɑn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈθurβɑn]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "thurƀan"
}
],
"word": "thurvan"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (1b9bfc5 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.