See tarmac on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for tarmac meaning in All languages combined (19.2kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Clipping of <span class='form-of-definition-link'><i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"en\">tarmacadam</i></span>",
"lang": ""
},
"expansion": "Clipping of tarmacadam",
"name": "no deprecated lang param usage"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tarmacadam",
"nodot": "1"
},
"expansion": "Clipping of tarmacadam",
"name": "clipping of"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tar",
"3": "macadam"
},
"expansion": "tar + macadam",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clipping of tarmacadam, which is tar + macadam (crushed stones). Originally a trademark owned by its inventor, Edgar Hooley.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tarmacs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "tarmac (countable and uncountable, plural tarmacs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "asphalt"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: asphalt concrete"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Tarmacadam."
],
"id": "en-tarmac-en-noun-VHK02wb1",
"links": [
[
"Tarmacadam",
"tarmacadam"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Canadian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1922, Michael Arlen, “3/1/1”, in “Piracy”: A Romantic Chronicle of These Days",
"text": "How meek and shrunken did that haughty Tarmac become as it slunk by the wide circle of asphalt of the yellow sort, that was loosely strewn before the great iron gates of Lady Hall as a forerunner of the consideration that awaited the guests of Rupert, Earl of Kare, […].",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any bituminous road surfacing material."
],
"id": "en-tarmac-en-noun-CqwpUo-Q",
"links": [
[
"bituminous",
"bituminous"
],
[
"road",
"road"
],
[
"surfacing",
"surfacing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(loosely, UK, Ireland, Canada) Any bituminous road surfacing material."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "asphalt"
}
],
"tags": [
"Canada",
"Ireland",
"UK",
"broadly",
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "makadam",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "макадам"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bóyóulù",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"word": "柏油路"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"word": "瀝青路"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lìqīnglù",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"word": "沥青路"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bitumen"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "asfalt"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"word": "öljysora"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"word": "asfaltti"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"word": "bitumisora"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tarmac"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Asphalt"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "Teermakadam"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"word": "aszfaltburkolat"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"word": "aszfaltpálya"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"word": "aszfaltút"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"note": "aszfaltozott/kátrányos út/útburkolat/burkolat",
"sense": "bituminous road surface"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "malbik"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "asfalt"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tarmac"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tarramhacadam"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "asfalto"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tāmakku",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"word": "ターマック"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "asufaruto hosōro",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"word": "アスファルト舗装路"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "tamaek",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"word": "타맥"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"word": "papatau"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "asfalto"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "macadame"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gudronírovannoje šossé",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "гудрони́рованное шоссе́"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "asfálʹt",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "асфа́льт"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "asfalto"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"class-9"
],
"word": "lami"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "asfalt"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 65 20 6",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"word": "asfalt"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Canadian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The driveable surface of a road."
],
"id": "en-tarmac-en-noun-9DPBowsT",
"links": [
[
"driveable",
"driveable"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, Ireland, Canada) The driveable surface of a road."
],
"tags": [
"Canada",
"Ireland",
"UK",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Aviation",
"orig": "en:Aviation",
"parents": [
"Aeronautics",
"Transport",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The area of an airport, other than the runway, where planes park or maneuver."
],
"id": "en-tarmac-en-noun-~zDOE0s6",
"links": [
[
"aviation",
"aviation"
],
[
"area",
"area"
],
[
"airport",
"airport"
],
[
"runway",
"runway"
],
[
"park",
"park"
],
[
"maneuver",
"maneuver"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, aviation) The area of an airport, other than the runway, where planes park or maneuver."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"informal",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"aeronautics",
"aerospace",
"aviation",
"business",
"engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 8 5 84",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pista",
"sense": "area of an airport, where planes park or maneuver",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "писта"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 8 5 84",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "area of an airport, where planes park or maneuver",
"word": "停機坪"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 8 5 84",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "ting⁴ gei¹ ping⁴",
"sense": "area of an airport, where planes park or maneuver",
"word": "停机坪"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 8 5 84",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tíng jī píng",
"sense": "area of an airport, where planes park or maneuver",
"word": "停机坪"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 8 5 84",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "area of an airport, where planes park or maneuver",
"word": "asemataso"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 8 5 84",
"code": "fi",
"english": "apron",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "area of an airport, where planes park or maneuver",
"word": "platta"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 8 5 84",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "area of an airport, where planes park or maneuver",
"word": "rullaustie (taxiway)"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 8 5 84",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "area of an airport, where planes park or maneuver",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Rollfeld"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 8 5 84",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "area of an airport, where planes park or maneuver",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "betonka"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɑː(ɹ)mæk/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tarmac.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tarmac.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tarmac.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tarmac.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tarmac.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"tarmac"
],
"word": "tarmac"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "retarmac"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "untarmacked"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Clipping of <span class='form-of-definition-link'><i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"en\">tarmacadam</i></span>",
"lang": ""
},
"expansion": "Clipping of tarmacadam",
"name": "no deprecated lang param usage"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tarmacadam",
"nodot": "1"
},
"expansion": "Clipping of tarmacadam",
"name": "clipping of"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tar",
"3": "macadam"
},
"expansion": "tar + macadam",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clipping of tarmacadam, which is tar + macadam (crushed stones). Originally a trademark owned by its inventor, Edgar Hooley.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tarmacs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tarmacking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tarmacing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tarmaccing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tarmacked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "tarmacked",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "tarmaced",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "tarmaced",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "tarmacced",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "tarmacced",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tarmacs",
"2": "tarmacking",
"3": "tarmacked",
"past2": "tarmaced",
"past3": "tarmacced",
"pres_ptc2": "tarmacing",
"pres_ptc3": "tarmaccing"
},
"expansion": "tarmac (third-person singular simple present tarmacs, present participle tarmacking or tarmacing or tarmaccing, simple past and past participle tarmacked or tarmaced or tarmacced)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Canadian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2008, Valerie Belsey, Exploring Green Lanes in North and North-West Devon, page 108",
"text": "To your left is a green lane, partly tarmacked with chippings, which leads up to a little car-parking area.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2014, Taking the rough with the smooth: Bolton residents anger over half-tarmaced road, ITV Granada",
"text": "Residents in Bolton are angry after workmen tarmaced only one half of their road leaving the other half strewn with potholes."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pave with tarmacadam or a similar material."
],
"id": "en-tarmac-en-verb-3KZakaPn",
"links": [
[
"pave",
"pave"
],
[
"tarmacadam",
"tarmacadam"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(British, Canada) To pave with tarmacadam or a similar material."
],
"tags": [
"British",
"Canada"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Aviation",
"orig": "en:Aviation",
"parents": [
"Aeronautics",
"Transport",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 19 16 19 8 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 23 19 15 8 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 20 17 21 7 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 18 15 11 11 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English genericized trademarks",
"parents": [
"Genericized trademarks",
"Terms by etymology",
"Trademarks",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 18 16 9 12 28",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Roads",
"orig": "en:Roads",
"parents": [
"Road transport",
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1989, Donald F. Wood, James C. Johnson, Contemporary Transportation, page 213",
"text": "\"It is not unusual these days for the time spent tarmacking to exceed the time spent in the air, \" said Senator John Danforth, R-Mo.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To spend time idling on a runway, usually waiting for takeoff clearance."
],
"id": "en-tarmac-en-verb-uaaTtfe3",
"links": [
[
"aviation",
"aviation"
],
[
"takeoff",
"takeoff"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(aviation) To spend time idling on a runway, usually waiting for takeoff clearance."
],
"topics": [
"aeronautics",
"aerospace",
"aviation",
"business",
"engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɑː(ɹ)mæk/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tarmac.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tarmac.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tarmac.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"tarmac"
],
"word": "tarmac"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "en",
"3": "-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "en",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tarmacadam"
},
"expansion": "tarmacadam",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English, a clipping of tarmacadam. Genericized trademark.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tarmacs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "tarmac m (plural tarmacs)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
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{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
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"Terms by usage"
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
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"name": "Aviation",
"orig": "fr:Aviation",
"parents": [
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"Transport",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tarmac (part of airport)"
],
"id": "en-tarmac-fr-noun-X4DsFZZB",
"links": [
[
"tarmac",
"tarmac#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/taʁ.mak/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-tarmac.wav",
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"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "tarmac"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "en",
"3": "tarmac"
},
"expansion": "English tarmac",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English tarmac.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tarmac",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-plural",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-decl-m4-nopl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tarmac",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "a tarmac",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tarmac",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
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},
{
"form": "tarmac",
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"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
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},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-decl-m4-nopl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "an tarmac",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "an tarmac",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leis an tarmac",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "don tarmac",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
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"11": "",
"12": "-",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive singular",
"4": "tarmac",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f1request": "1",
"f4request": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "tarmac m (genitive singular tarmac)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "~",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "tarmac m (genitive singular tarmac)",
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],
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{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "tarmac"
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"name": "ga-decl-m4-nopl"
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],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
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},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ga",
"name": "Aviation",
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"Transport",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ga",
"name": "Materials",
"orig": "ga:Materials",
"parents": [
"Manufacturing",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
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"id": "en-tarmac-ga-noun-gfXFzHlh",
"links": [
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"tarmac",
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],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tarramhacadam"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "tarmac"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English clippings",
"English compound terms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
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"English genericized trademarks",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
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],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "Clipping of tarmacadam",
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "tarmacadam",
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},
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"1": "en",
"2": "tar",
"3": "macadam"
},
"expansion": "tar + macadam",
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}
],
"etymology_text": "Clipping of tarmacadam, which is tar + macadam (crushed stones). Originally a trademark owned by its inventor, Edgar Hooley.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tarmacs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "asphalt"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: asphalt concrete"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Tarmacadam."
],
"links": [
[
"Tarmacadam",
"tarmacadam"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
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"Canadian English",
"English terms with quotations",
"Irish English"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1922, Michael Arlen, “3/1/1”, in “Piracy”: A Romantic Chronicle of These Days",
"text": "How meek and shrunken did that haughty Tarmac become as it slunk by the wide circle of asphalt of the yellow sort, that was loosely strewn before the great iron gates of Lady Hall as a forerunner of the consideration that awaited the guests of Rupert, Earl of Kare, […].",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any bituminous road surfacing material."
],
"links": [
[
"bituminous",
"bituminous"
],
[
"road",
"road"
],
[
"surfacing",
"surfacing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(loosely, UK, Ireland, Canada) Any bituminous road surfacing material."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "asphalt"
}
],
"tags": [
"Canada",
"Ireland",
"UK",
"broadly",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"Canadian English",
"Irish English"
],
"glosses": [
"The driveable surface of a road."
],
"links": [
[
"driveable",
"driveable"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, Ireland, Canada) The driveable surface of a road."
],
"tags": [
"Canada",
"Ireland",
"UK",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms",
"en:Aviation"
],
"glosses": [
"The area of an airport, other than the runway, where planes park or maneuver."
],
"links": [
[
"aviation",
"aviation"
],
[
"area",
"area"
],
[
"airport",
"airport"
],
[
"runway",
"runway"
],
[
"park",
"park"
],
[
"maneuver",
"maneuver"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, aviation) The area of an airport, other than the runway, where planes park or maneuver."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"informal",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"aeronautics",
"aerospace",
"aviation",
"business",
"engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɑː(ɹ)mæk/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tarmac.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tarmac.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tarmac.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "makadam",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "макадам"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bóyóulù",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"word": "柏油路"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"word": "瀝青路"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lìqīnglù",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"word": "沥青路"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bitumen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "asfalt"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"word": "öljysora"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"word": "asfaltti"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"word": "bitumisora"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tarmac"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Asphalt"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "Teermakadam"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"word": "aszfaltburkolat"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"word": "aszfaltpálya"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"word": "aszfaltút"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"note": "aszfaltozott/kátrányos út/útburkolat/burkolat",
"sense": "bituminous road surface"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "malbik"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "asfalt"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tarmac"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tarramhacadam"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "asfalto"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tāmakku",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"word": "ターマック"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "asufaruto hosōro",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"word": "アスファルト舗装路"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "tamaek",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"word": "타맥"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"word": "papatau"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "asfalto"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "macadame"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gudronírovannoje šossé",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "гудрони́рованное шоссе́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "asfálʹt",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "асфа́льт"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "asfalto"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"class-9"
],
"word": "lami"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "asfalt"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "bituminous road surface",
"word": "asfalt"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pista",
"sense": "area of an airport, where planes park or maneuver",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "писта"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "area of an airport, where planes park or maneuver",
"word": "停機坪"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "ting⁴ gei¹ ping⁴",
"sense": "area of an airport, where planes park or maneuver",
"word": "停机坪"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tíng jī píng",
"sense": "area of an airport, where planes park or maneuver",
"word": "停机坪"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "area of an airport, where planes park or maneuver",
"word": "asemataso"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "apron",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "area of an airport, where planes park or maneuver",
"word": "platta"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "area of an airport, where planes park or maneuver",
"word": "rullaustie (taxiway)"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "area of an airport, where planes park or maneuver",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Rollfeld"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "area of an airport, where planes park or maneuver",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "betonka"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"tarmac"
],
"word": "tarmac"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English compound terms",
"English countable nouns",
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"English genericized trademarks",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
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"derived": [
{
"word": "retarmac"
},
{
"word": "untarmacked"
}
],
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},
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"expansion": "tar + macadam",
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],
"etymology_text": "Clipping of tarmacadam, which is tar + macadam (crushed stones). Originally a trademark owned by its inventor, Edgar Hooley.",
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"form": "tarmacs",
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"singular",
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},
{
"form": "tarmacking",
"tags": [
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"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tarmacing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tarmaccing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tarmacked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "tarmacked",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "tarmaced",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "tarmaced",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "tarmacced",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "tarmacced",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
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"args": {
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"2": "tarmacking",
"3": "tarmacked",
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"pres_ptc2": "tarmacing",
"pres_ptc3": "tarmaccing"
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"expansion": "tarmac (third-person singular simple present tarmacs, present participle tarmacking or tarmacing or tarmaccing, simple past and past participle tarmacked or tarmaced or tarmacced)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
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"categories": [
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"Canadian English",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2008, Valerie Belsey, Exploring Green Lanes in North and North-West Devon, page 108",
"text": "To your left is a green lane, partly tarmacked with chippings, which leads up to a little car-parking area.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2014, Taking the rough with the smooth: Bolton residents anger over half-tarmaced road, ITV Granada",
"text": "Residents in Bolton are angry after workmen tarmaced only one half of their road leaving the other half strewn with potholes."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pave with tarmacadam or a similar material."
],
"links": [
[
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"pave"
],
[
"tarmacadam",
"tarmacadam"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(British, Canada) To pave with tarmacadam or a similar material."
],
"tags": [
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"Canada"
]
},
{
"categories": [
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"en:Aviation"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1989, Donald F. Wood, James C. Johnson, Contemporary Transportation, page 213",
"text": "\"It is not unusual these days for the time spent tarmacking to exceed the time spent in the air, \" said Senator John Danforth, R-Mo.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To spend time idling on a runway, usually waiting for takeoff clearance."
],
"links": [
[
"aviation",
"aviation"
],
[
"takeoff",
"takeoff"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(aviation) To spend time idling on a runway, usually waiting for takeoff clearance."
],
"topics": [
"aeronautics",
"aerospace",
"aviation",
"business",
"engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɑː(ɹ)mæk/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tarmac.wav",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"tarmac"
],
"word": "tarmac"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "en",
"3": "-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "en",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tarmacadam"
},
"expansion": "tarmacadam",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English, a clipping of tarmacadam. Genericized trademark.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tarmacs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "tarmac m (plural tarmacs)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French 2-syllable words",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French genericized trademarks",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nouns",
"French terms borrowed from English",
"French terms derived from English",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with audio links",
"fr:Aviation"
],
"glosses": [
"tarmac (part of airport)"
],
"links": [
[
"tarmac",
"tarmac#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/taʁ.mak/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-tarmac.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0d/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-tarmac.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-tarmac.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0d/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-tarmac.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-tarmac.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "tarmac"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "en",
"3": "tarmac"
},
"expansion": "English tarmac",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English tarmac.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tarmac",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-plural",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-decl-m4-nopl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tarmac",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "a tarmac",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tarmac",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tarmac",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-decl-m4-nopl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "an tarmac",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "an tarmac",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "leis an tarmac",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "don tarmac",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "-",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive singular",
"4": "tarmac",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f1request": "1",
"f4request": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "tarmac m (genitive singular tarmac)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "~",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "tarmac m (genitive singular tarmac)",
"name": "ga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "tarmac"
},
"name": "ga-decl-m4-nopl"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Irish fourth-declension nouns",
"Irish lemmas",
"Irish masculine nouns",
"Irish nouns",
"Irish terms borrowed from English",
"Irish terms derived from English",
"ga:Aviation",
"ga:Materials"
],
"glosses": [
"tarmac"
],
"links": [
[
"tarmac",
"#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tarramhacadam"
}
],
"word": "tarmac"
}
{
"called_from": "translations/609-20230504",
"msg": "Translation too long compared to word, so it is skipped",
"path": [
"tarmac"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "tarmac",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: Nominative",
"path": [
"tarmac"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "tarmac",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: Vocative",
"path": [
"tarmac"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "tarmac",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: Genitive",
"path": [
"tarmac"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "tarmac",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: Dative",
"path": [
"tarmac"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "tarmac",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: Bare forms (no plural of this noun)",
"path": [
"tarmac"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "tarmac",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: Nominative",
"path": [
"tarmac"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "tarmac",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: Genitive",
"path": [
"tarmac"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "tarmac",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: Dative",
"path": [
"tarmac"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "tarmac",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Irish]; cleaned text: Forms with the definite article",
"path": [
"tarmac"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "tarmac",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.