See tỏi on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for tỏi meaning in All languages combined (5.2kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "toán"
},
"expansion": "toán",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "zh",
"3": "蒜//",
"pos": "SV: <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"vi\">toán</i>",
"t": "garlic",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 蒜 (“garlic”, SV: toán)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "蒜",
"2": "garlic",
"3": "toán",
"hv": "n"
},
"expansion": "Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 蒜 (“garlic”, SV: toán)",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zhn",
"2": "soiq",
"3": "",
"4": "garlic"
},
"expansion": "Nong Zhuang soiq (“garlic”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*-r-s"
},
"expansion": "*-r-s",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*-jH"
},
"expansion": "*-jH",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*-nH"
},
"expansion": "*-nH",
"name": "IPAfont"
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{
"args": {
"1": "*-j"
},
"expansion": "*-j",
"name": "IPAfont"
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{
"args": {
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"expansion": "*-n",
"name": "IPAfont"
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{
"args": {
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"name": "IPAfont"
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{
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"expansion": "*-lʰ > -jC",
"name": "IPAfont"
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{
"args": {
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"expansion": "*-jH",
"name": "IPAfont"
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{
"args": {
"1": "*-jH"
},
"expansion": "*-jH",
"name": "IPAfont"
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{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "tươi"
},
"expansion": "tươi",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "鮮"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 鮮／鲜",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*-j"
},
"expansion": "*-j",
"name": "IPAfont"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 蒜 (“garlic”, SV: toán).\nCompare Nong Zhuang soiq (“garlic”). To account for the glide reflex in both languages, the borrowed Sinitic word was probably a dialectal form where earlier *-r-s shifted to *-jH instead of the typical *-nH (if the word was borrowed independently when the liquid still presented, Vietnamese would have *-j while Nong Zhuang would have *-n). However, it is also possible that there was borrowing involved: if the direction was Vietic > Tai, the Chinese form could be an early form with *-r-s (> *-lʰ > -jC) or a later form with *-jH; if the direction was Tai > Vietic, the borrowed Sinitic form must be *-jH.\nSee also tươi, from Chinese 鮮／鲜, with *-j.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "củ",
"tags": [
"classifier"
]
},
{
"form": "cây",
"tags": [
"classifier"
]
},
{
"form": "蒜",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "蕞",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "蒜, 蕞"
},
"expansion": "tỏi • (蒜, 蕞)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "蒜, 蕞",
"cls": "củ, cây"
},
"expansion": "(classifier củ, cây) tỏi • (蒜, 蕞)",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese nouns classified by cây",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese nouns classified by củ",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 96",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Alliums",
"orig": "vi:Alliums",
"parents": [
"Amaryllis family plants",
"Root vegetables",
"Spices and herbs",
"Asparagales order plants",
"Flowers",
"Vegetables",
"Foods",
"Plants",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Lifeforms",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 98",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Herbs",
"orig": "vi:Herbs",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Spices and herbs",
"Lifeforms",
"Foods",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Fundamental",
"Nature",
"Human behaviour",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 98",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Vegetables",
"orig": "vi:Vegetables",
"parents": [
"Foods",
"Plants",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Lifeforms",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 99",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Spices and herbs",
"orig": "vi:Spices and herbs",
"parents": [
"Foods",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "leek",
"word": "tỏi tây"
}
],
"glosses": [
"garlic"
],
"id": "en-tỏi-vi-noun-QQJAhNLi",
"links": [
[
"garlic",
"garlic"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tɔj˧˩]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[tɔj˧˨]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[tɔj˨˩˦]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"word": "tỏi"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "tỏi",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tỏi",
"name": "vi-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to die"
],
"id": "en-tỏi-vi-adj-L2Mli9fq",
"links": [
[
"die",
"die"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) to die"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tɔj˧˩]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[tɔj˧˨]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[tɔj˨˩˦]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"word": "tỏi"
}
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese adjectives",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese nouns classified by cây",
"Vietnamese nouns classified by củ",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Chinese",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"vi:Alliums",
"vi:Herbs",
"vi:Spices and herbs",
"vi:Vegetables"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "leek",
"word": "tỏi tây"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "toán"
},
"expansion": "toán",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "zh",
"3": "蒜//",
"pos": "SV: <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"vi\">toán</i>",
"t": "garlic",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 蒜 (“garlic”, SV: toán)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "蒜",
"2": "garlic",
"3": "toán",
"hv": "n"
},
"expansion": "Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 蒜 (“garlic”, SV: toán)",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zhn",
"2": "soiq",
"3": "",
"4": "garlic"
},
"expansion": "Nong Zhuang soiq (“garlic”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*-r-s"
},
"expansion": "*-r-s",
"name": "IPAfont"
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{
"args": {
"1": "*-jH"
},
"expansion": "*-jH",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*-nH"
},
"expansion": "*-nH",
"name": "IPAfont"
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{
"args": {
"1": "*-j"
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"expansion": "*-j",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*-n"
},
"expansion": "*-n",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*-r-s"
},
"expansion": "*-r-s",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*-lʰ > -jC"
},
"expansion": "*-lʰ > -jC",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*-jH"
},
"expansion": "*-jH",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*-jH"
},
"expansion": "*-jH",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "tươi"
},
"expansion": "tươi",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "鮮"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 鮮／鲜",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*-j"
},
"expansion": "*-j",
"name": "IPAfont"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 蒜 (“garlic”, SV: toán).\nCompare Nong Zhuang soiq (“garlic”). To account for the glide reflex in both languages, the borrowed Sinitic word was probably a dialectal form where earlier *-r-s shifted to *-jH instead of the typical *-nH (if the word was borrowed independently when the liquid still presented, Vietnamese would have *-j while Nong Zhuang would have *-n). However, it is also possible that there was borrowing involved: if the direction was Vietic > Tai, the Chinese form could be an early form with *-r-s (> *-lʰ > -jC) or a later form with *-jH; if the direction was Tai > Vietic, the borrowed Sinitic form must be *-jH.\nSee also tươi, from Chinese 鮮／鲜, with *-j.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "củ",
"tags": [
"classifier"
]
},
{
"form": "cây",
"tags": [
"classifier"
]
},
{
"form": "蒜",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "蕞",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "蒜, 蕞"
},
"expansion": "tỏi • (蒜, 蕞)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "蒜, 蕞",
"cls": "củ, cây"
},
"expansion": "(classifier củ, cây) tỏi • (蒜, 蕞)",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"garlic"
],
"links": [
[
"garlic",
"garlic"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tɔj˧˩]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[tɔj˧˨]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[tɔj˨˩˦]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"word": "tỏi"
}
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese adjectives",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"vi:Alliums",
"vi:Herbs",
"vi:Spices and herbs",
"vi:Vegetables"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "tỏi",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tỏi",
"name": "vi-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese colloquialisms"
],
"glosses": [
"to die"
],
"links": [
[
"die",
"die"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) to die"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[tɔj˧˩]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[tɔj˧˨]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[tɔj˨˩˦]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"word": "tỏi"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.