See stwierdzić on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for stwierdzić meaning in All languages combined (15.6kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stwierdzenie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "śćwierdzić rękę"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "śćwirdzić oczy"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "stwierdzić"
},
"expansion": "Polish: stwierdzić",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: stwierdzić"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "stwiyrdzić"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: stwiyrdzić",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: stwiyrdzić"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "s-",
"3": "twierdzić"
},
"expansion": "s- + twierdzić",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "end of the 14th century"
},
"expansion": "the end of the 14th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "end of the 14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the end of the 14th century.",
"name": "etydate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "stvrditi"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech stvrditi",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From s- + twierdzić. First attested in the end of the 14th century. Compare Old Czech stvrditi.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stwierdzać",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pf",
"impf": "stwierdzać"
},
"expansion": "stwierdzić pf (imperfective stwierdzać)",
"name": "zlw-opl-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "twardy"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to harden (to make physically harder)"
],
"id": "en-stwierdzić-zlw-opl-verb-ep~1k03W",
"links": [
[
"harden",
"harden"
]
],
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to secure, to attach strongly"
],
"id": "en-stwierdzić-zlw-opl-verb-enRjmhCW",
"links": [
[
"secure",
"secure"
],
[
"attach",
"attach"
],
[
"strongly",
"strongly"
]
],
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to strengthen, to intensify (to cause to be stronger or more intense)"
],
"id": "en-stwierdzić-zlw-opl-verb-vGjzp6wa",
"links": [
[
"strengthen",
"strengthen"
],
[
"intensify",
"intensify"
]
],
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 9 10 42 4 17 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 9 11 43 5 17 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms prefixed with s-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to do something stubbornly"
],
"id": "en-stwierdzić-zlw-opl-verb-qN50v9Pp",
"links": [
[
"do",
"do"
],
[
"stubbornly",
"stubbornly"
]
],
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to confirm"
],
"id": "en-stwierdzić-zlw-opl-verb-g5GO1rxP",
"links": [
[
"confirm",
"confirm"
]
],
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to take or strengthen an oath"
],
"id": "en-stwierdzić-zlw-opl-verb-z351FIMz",
"links": [
[
"take",
"take"
],
[
"strengthen",
"strengthen"
],
[
"oath",
"oath"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of an alliance) to take or strengthen an oath"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of an alliance"
],
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to realize (to make real)"
],
"id": "en-stwierdzić-zlw-opl-verb-wpcev2mY",
"links": [
[
"realize",
"realize"
]
],
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stfjɛ(ː)rd͡ʑit͡ɕ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/stfjɛrd͡ʑit͡ɕ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/stfjerd͡ʑit͡ɕ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "twirdzić, śćwierdzić, śćwirdzić"
}
],
"word": "stwierdzić"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stwierdzenie"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "stwierdzić",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish stwierdzić",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "stwierdzić"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish stwierdzić",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "s-",
"3": "twierdzić"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, s- + twierdzić",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "stvrdit"
},
"expansion": "Czech stvrdit",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "scwierdzëc"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian scwierdzëc",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "стве́рдити"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian стве́рдити (stvérdyty)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "confirm"
},
"expansion": "English confirm",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish stwierdzić. By surface analysis, s- + twierdzić. Compare Czech stvrdit, Kashubian scwierdzëc, and Ukrainian стве́рдити (stvérdyty). Also compare the semantic development of English confirm.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stwierdzać",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "perfective",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-conj-ap-ić",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzić",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzę",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzimy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzisz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzicie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzą",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzi się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m stwierdził",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m stwierdziła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłom",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m stwierdziło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziliśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy stwierdzili",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy stwierdziły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłeś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś stwierdził",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłaś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś stwierdziła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłoś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś stwierdziło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziliście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście stwierdzili",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście stwierdziły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdził",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzili",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzono",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłbym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym stwierdził",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłabym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym stwierdziła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłobym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym stwierdziło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzilibyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy stwierdzili",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłybyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy stwierdziły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłbyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś stwierdził",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłabyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś stwierdziła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłobyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś stwierdziło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzilibyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byście stwierdzili",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłybyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byście stwierdziły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by stwierdził",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłaby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by stwierdziła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłoby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by stwierdziło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziliby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "by stwierdzili",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłyby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by stwierdziły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzono by",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "niech stwierdzę",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdźmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdź",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdźcie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niech stwierdzi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niech stwierdzą",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzony",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzona",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzone",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzeni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzone",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziwszy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"anterior",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzenie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pf",
"impf": "stwierdzać"
},
"expansion": "stwierdzić pf (imperfective stwierdzać)",
"name": "pl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"stwier‧dzić"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stwier",
"2": "dz",
"3": "pp",
"imp": "stwierdź"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ap-ić"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stwierdzić",
"2": "stwierdzę",
"3": "stwierdzi",
"4": "stwierdzą",
"5": "stwierdzi",
"6": "stwierdzi",
"7": "stwierdzi",
"8": "stwierdź",
"ap": "stwierdziwszy",
"ip": "stwierdzono",
"pp": "stwierdzon",
"pp2": "stwierdzeni",
"vn": "stwierdzenie"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ap"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to state, to affirm, to attest"
],
"id": "en-stwierdzić-pl-verb-Kc~DxL2j",
"links": [
[
"state",
"state"
],
[
"affirm",
"affirm"
],
[
"attest",
"attest"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, sometimes proscribed) to state, to affirm, to attest"
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"proscribed",
"sometimes",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to find, to ascertain"
],
"id": "en-stwierdzić-pl-verb-CVOnyaLS",
"links": [
[
"find",
"find"
],
[
"ascertain",
"ascertain"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to find, to ascertain"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "skonstatować"
}
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to confirm"
],
"id": "en-stwierdzić-pl-verb-g5GO1rxP",
"links": [
[
"confirm",
"confirm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) to confirm"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "potwierdzić"
},
{
"word": "zatwierdzić"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 7 4 43 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be ascertained"
],
"id": "en-stwierdzić-pl-verb-fmUtv2y9",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"ascertain",
"ascertain"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to be ascertained"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 7 4 43 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 18 14 17 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms prefixed with s-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be confirmed"
],
"id": "en-stwierdzić-pl-verb-w~hnTLnp",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"confirm",
"confirm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, Middle Polish) to be confirmed"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "potwierdzić"
},
{
"word": "zatwierdzić"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstfjɛr.d͡ʑit͡ɕ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstfjɛr.d͡ʑit͡ɕ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstfjer.d͡ʑit͡ɕ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛrd͡ʑit͡ɕ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pl:Ida Kurcz"
],
"word": "stwierdzić"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish perfective verbs",
"Old Polish terms prefixed with s-",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Polish verbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "stwierdzenie"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "śćwierdzić rękę"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "śćwirdzić oczy"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "stwierdzić"
},
"expansion": "Polish: stwierdzić",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: stwierdzić"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "stwiyrdzić"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: stwiyrdzić",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: stwiyrdzić"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "s-",
"3": "twierdzić"
},
"expansion": "s- + twierdzić",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "end of the 14th century"
},
"expansion": "the end of the 14th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "end of the 14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the end of the 14th century.",
"name": "etydate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "stvrditi"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech stvrditi",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From s- + twierdzić. First attested in the end of the 14th century. Compare Old Czech stvrditi.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stwierdzać",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pf",
"impf": "stwierdzać"
},
"expansion": "stwierdzić pf (imperfective stwierdzać)",
"name": "zlw-opl-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "twardy"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to harden (to make physically harder)"
],
"links": [
[
"harden",
"harden"
]
],
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to secure, to attach strongly"
],
"links": [
[
"secure",
"secure"
],
[
"attach",
"attach"
],
[
"strongly",
"strongly"
]
],
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to strengthen, to intensify (to cause to be stronger or more intense)"
],
"links": [
[
"strengthen",
"strengthen"
],
[
"intensify",
"intensify"
]
],
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to do something stubbornly"
],
"links": [
[
"do",
"do"
],
[
"stubbornly",
"stubbornly"
]
],
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to confirm"
],
"links": [
[
"confirm",
"confirm"
]
],
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to take or strengthen an oath"
],
"links": [
[
"take",
"take"
],
[
"strengthen",
"strengthen"
],
[
"oath",
"oath"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of an alliance) to take or strengthen an oath"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of an alliance"
],
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to realize (to make real)"
],
"links": [
[
"realize",
"realize"
]
],
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stfjɛ(ː)rd͡ʑit͡ɕ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/stfjɛrd͡ʑit͡ɕ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/stfjerd͡ʑit͡ɕ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "twirdzić, śćwierdzić, śćwirdzić"
}
],
"word": "stwierdzić"
}
{
"categories": [
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish perfective verbs",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms prefixed with s-",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Polish verbs",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛrd͡ʑit͡ɕ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛrd͡ʑit͡ɕ/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "stwierdzenie"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "stwierdzić",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish stwierdzić",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "stwierdzić"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish stwierdzić",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "s-",
"3": "twierdzić"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, s- + twierdzić",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "stvrdit"
},
"expansion": "Czech stvrdit",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "scwierdzëc"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian scwierdzëc",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "стве́рдити"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian стве́рдити (stvérdyty)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "confirm"
},
"expansion": "English confirm",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish stwierdzić. By surface analysis, s- + twierdzić. Compare Czech stvrdit, Kashubian scwierdzëc, and Ukrainian стве́рдити (stvérdyty). Also compare the semantic development of English confirm.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stwierdzać",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "perfective",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-conj-ap-ić",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzić",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzę",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzimy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzisz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzicie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzą",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzi się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m stwierdził",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m stwierdziła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłom",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m stwierdziło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziliśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy stwierdzili",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy stwierdziły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłeś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś stwierdził",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłaś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś stwierdziła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłoś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś stwierdziło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziliście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście stwierdzili",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście stwierdziły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdził",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzili",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzono",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłbym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym stwierdził",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłabym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym stwierdziła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłobym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym stwierdziło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzilibyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy stwierdzili",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłybyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy stwierdziły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłbyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś stwierdził",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłabyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś stwierdziła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłobyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś stwierdziło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzilibyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byście stwierdzili",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłybyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byście stwierdziły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by stwierdził",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłaby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by stwierdziła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłoby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by stwierdziło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziliby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "by stwierdzili",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziłyby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by stwierdziły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzono by",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "niech stwierdzę",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdźmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdź",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdźcie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niech stwierdzi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niech stwierdzą",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzony",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzona",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzone",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzeni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzone",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdziwszy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"anterior",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "stwierdzenie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pf",
"impf": "stwierdzać"
},
"expansion": "stwierdzić pf (imperfective stwierdzać)",
"name": "pl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"stwier‧dzić"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stwier",
"2": "dz",
"3": "pp",
"imp": "stwierdź"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ap-ić"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stwierdzić",
"2": "stwierdzę",
"3": "stwierdzi",
"4": "stwierdzą",
"5": "stwierdzi",
"6": "stwierdzi",
"7": "stwierdzi",
"8": "stwierdź",
"ap": "stwierdziwszy",
"ip": "stwierdzono",
"pp": "stwierdzon",
"pp2": "stwierdzeni",
"vn": "stwierdzenie"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ap"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish proscribed terms",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to state, to affirm, to attest"
],
"links": [
[
"state",
"state"
],
[
"affirm",
"affirm"
],
[
"attest",
"attest"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, sometimes proscribed) to state, to affirm, to attest"
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"proscribed",
"sometimes",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to find, to ascertain"
],
"links": [
[
"find",
"find"
],
[
"ascertain",
"ascertain"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to find, to ascertain"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "skonstatować"
}
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses",
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to confirm"
],
"links": [
[
"confirm",
"confirm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) to confirm"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "potwierdzić"
},
{
"word": "zatwierdzić"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to be ascertained"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"ascertain",
"ascertain"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to be ascertained"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Polish reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to be confirmed"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"confirm",
"confirm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, Middle Polish) to be confirmed"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "potwierdzić"
},
{
"word": "zatwierdzić"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstfjɛr.d͡ʑit͡ɕ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstfjɛr.d͡ʑit͡ɕ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstfjer.d͡ʑit͡ɕ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛrd͡ʑit͡ɕ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pl:Ida Kurcz"
],
"word": "stwierdzić"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.