See stwierdzić in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stwierdzenie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "śćwierdzić rękę"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "śćwirdzić oczy"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "stwierdzić"
},
"expansion": "Polish: stwierdzić",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: stwierdzić"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "stwiyrdzić"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: stwiyrdzić",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: stwiyrdzić"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "s-",
"3": "twierdzić"
},
"expansion": "s- + twierdzić",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "end of the 14th century"
},
"expansion": "the end of the 14th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "end of the 14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the end of the 14th century",
"name": "etydate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "stvrditi"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech stvrditi",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From s- + twierdzić. First attested in the end of the 14th century. Compare Old Czech stvrditi.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stwierdzać",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pf",
"impf": "stwierdzać"
},
"expansion": "stwierdzić pf (imperfective stwierdzać)",
"name": "zlw-opl-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "twardy"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 56:",
"text": "Sczwirdzily schią solidarentur (ita ut... aquae quasi murus solidarentur, et isti, sc. filii Israhel, pede sicco fundum maris perambulando transissent Judith 5, 12)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to harden (to make physically harder)"
],
"id": "en-stwierdzić-zlw-opl-verb-ep~1k03W",
"links": [
[
"harden",
"harden"
]
],
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 32, 6:",
"text": "Slowem boszim nebosa sø sczwerdzona (firmati sunt)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to secure, to attach strongly"
],
"id": "en-stwierdzić-zlw-opl-verb-enRjmhCW",
"links": [
[
"secure",
"secure"
],
[
"attach",
"attach"
],
[
"strongly",
"strongly"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) to secure, to attach strongly"
],
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1916 [second half of the 15th century], Stanisław Słoński, editor, Psałterz puławski, Greater Poland, pages 59, 10:",
"text": "Kto przewyedze mnye do myasta ztwyrdzonego (in civitatem munitam)?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1916 [second half of the 15th century], Stanisław Słoński, editor, Psałterz puławski, Greater Poland, page 32 arg:",
"text": "Nyebyossa y moczy gich stwyrdzony sø",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to strengthen, to intensify (to cause to be stronger or more intense)"
],
"id": "en-stwierdzić-zlw-opl-verb-vGjzp6wa",
"links": [
[
"strengthen",
"strengthen"
],
[
"intensify",
"intensify"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) to strengthen, to intensify (to cause to be stronger or more intense)"
],
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 13 35 9 10 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 11 11 43 8 11 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms prefixed with s-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 5 6 19 5 6 5 5 4 3 20 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 5 23 3 4 3 3 3 2 25 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 63, 4:",
"text": "Sczwirdzili sø (firmaverunt) sobe molwø zlø",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to do something stubbornly"
],
"id": "en-stwierdzić-zlw-opl-verb-qN50v9Pp",
"links": [
[
"do",
"do"
],
[
"stubbornly",
"stubbornly"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) to do something stubbornly"
],
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Southern Borderlands Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1880-1894 [Middle of the 15th century], Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności, volume I, Lviv, page 51:",
"text": "Dico enim Iesum Cristum ministrum ffuisse circumcisionis, propter veritatem dei, ad confirmandas promissiones patrum aby byla ztwerdzona obyethnyczą boza (Rom 15, 8)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to confirm"
],
"id": "en-stwierdzić-zlw-opl-verb-g5GO1rxP",
"links": [
[
"confirm",
"confirm"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Southern Borderlands",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Southern Borderlands) to confirm"
],
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Ex”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 34, 27:",
"text": "Popysz sobye slowa ta, ktorymy y s tobøø, y s syny israhelskymy sczwyrdzylesm (pepigi) szlyvb",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to take or strengthen an oath"
],
"id": "en-stwierdzić-zlw-opl-verb-z351FIMz",
"links": [
[
"take",
"take"
],
[
"strengthen",
"strengthen"
],
[
"oath",
"oath"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of an alliance) to take or strengthen an oath"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of an alliance"
],
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 19, 4:",
"text": "Day czy podlug sercza twego y wszitkø radø twoiø stwirdzy (confirmet)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to realize (to make real)"
],
"id": "en-stwierdzić-zlw-opl-verb-wpcev2mY",
"links": [
[
"realize",
"realize"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) to realize (to make real)"
],
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stfjɛ(ː)rd͡ʑit͡ɕ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/stfjɛrd͡ʑit͡ɕ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/stfjerd͡ʑit͡ɕ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "twirdzić, śćwierdzić, śćwirdzić"
}
],
"word": "stwierdzić"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish perfective verbs",
"Old Polish terms prefixed with s-",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Polish verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "stwierdzenie"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "śćwierdzić rękę"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "śćwirdzić oczy"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "stwierdzić"
},
"expansion": "Polish: stwierdzić",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: stwierdzić"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "stwiyrdzić"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: stwiyrdzić",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: stwiyrdzić"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "s-",
"3": "twierdzić"
},
"expansion": "s- + twierdzić",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "end of the 14th century"
},
"expansion": "the end of the 14th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "end of the 14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the end of the 14th century",
"name": "etydate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "stvrditi"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech stvrditi",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From s- + twierdzić. First attested in the end of the 14th century. Compare Old Czech stvrditi.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stwierdzać",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pf",
"impf": "stwierdzać"
},
"expansion": "stwierdzić pf (imperfective stwierdzać)",
"name": "zlw-opl-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "twardy"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 56:",
"text": "Sczwirdzily schią solidarentur (ita ut... aquae quasi murus solidarentur, et isti, sc. filii Israhel, pede sicco fundum maris perambulando transissent Judith 5, 12)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to harden (to make physically harder)"
],
"links": [
[
"harden",
"harden"
]
],
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 32, 6:",
"text": "Slowem boszim nebosa sø sczwerdzona (firmati sunt)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to secure, to attach strongly"
],
"links": [
[
"secure",
"secure"
],
[
"attach",
"attach"
],
[
"strongly",
"strongly"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) to secure, to attach strongly"
],
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1916 [second half of the 15th century], Stanisław Słoński, editor, Psałterz puławski, Greater Poland, pages 59, 10:",
"text": "Kto przewyedze mnye do myasta ztwyrdzonego (in civitatem munitam)?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1916 [second half of the 15th century], Stanisław Słoński, editor, Psałterz puławski, Greater Poland, page 32 arg:",
"text": "Nyebyossa y moczy gich stwyrdzony sø",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to strengthen, to intensify (to cause to be stronger or more intense)"
],
"links": [
[
"strengthen",
"strengthen"
],
[
"intensify",
"intensify"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) to strengthen, to intensify (to cause to be stronger or more intense)"
],
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 63, 4:",
"text": "Sczwirdzili sø (firmaverunt) sobe molwø zlø",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to do something stubbornly"
],
"links": [
[
"do",
"do"
],
[
"stubbornly",
"stubbornly"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) to do something stubbornly"
],
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Southern Borderlands Old Polish"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1880-1894 [Middle of the 15th century], Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności, volume I, Lviv, page 51:",
"text": "Dico enim Iesum Cristum ministrum ffuisse circumcisionis, propter veritatem dei, ad confirmandas promissiones patrum aby byla ztwerdzona obyethnyczą boza (Rom 15, 8)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to confirm"
],
"links": [
[
"confirm",
"confirm"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Southern Borderlands",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Southern Borderlands) to confirm"
],
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Ex”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 34, 27:",
"text": "Popysz sobye slowa ta, ktorymy y s tobøø, y s syny israhelskymy sczwyrdzylesm (pepigi) szlyvb",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to take or strengthen an oath"
],
"links": [
[
"take",
"take"
],
[
"strengthen",
"strengthen"
],
[
"oath",
"oath"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of an alliance) to take or strengthen an oath"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of an alliance"
],
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 19, 4:",
"text": "Day czy podlug sercza twego y wszitkø radø twoiø stwirdzy (confirmet)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to realize (to make real)"
],
"links": [
[
"realize",
"realize"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) to realize (to make real)"
],
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/stfjɛ(ː)rd͡ʑit͡ɕ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/stfjɛrd͡ʑit͡ɕ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/stfjerd͡ʑit͡ɕ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "twirdzić, śćwierdzić, śćwirdzić"
}
],
"word": "stwierdzić"
}
Download raw JSONL data for stwierdzić meaning in Old Polish (7.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (95d2be1 and 64224ec). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.