See spurge on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for spurge meaning in All languages combined (14.1kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pewH-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "spurge",
"4": "",
"5": "",
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"g2": "",
"g3": "",
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"lit": "",
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"pos": "",
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"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English spurge",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "spurge"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle English spurge",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "espurge"
},
"expansion": "Old French espurge",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "espurgier",
"3": "",
"4": "to purge"
},
"expansion": "espurgier (“to purge”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "expurgo",
"4": "",
"5": "I purge"
},
"expansion": "Latin expurgo (“I purge”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English spurge, from Old French espurge, from espurgier (“to purge”), from Latin expurgo (“I purge”); the bitter milky sap of these plants was formerly used as a purgative.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spurges",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "s"
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"expansion": "spurge (usually uncountable, plural spurges)",
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "86 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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{
"_dis": "91 9",
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{
"_dis": "88 12",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Spurges",
"orig": "en:Spurges",
"parents": [
"Malpighiales order plants",
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"taxonomic": "Pachysandra procumbens",
"word": "Allegheny spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Amperea xiphoclada",
"word": "broom spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia epithymoides",
"word": "cushion spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia cyparissias",
"word": "cypress spurge"
},
{
"word": "green spurge"
},
{
"word": "Hall's shrubby spurge (Tetracoccus hallii"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia neriifolia",
"word": "Indian spurge tree"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia tirucalli",
"word": "Indian tree spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Pachysandra terminalis",
"word": "Japanese spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia esula",
"word": "leafy spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia characias",
"word": "Mediterranean spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia lactea",
"word": "mottled spurge"
},
{
"word": "myrtle spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia myrsinites",
"word": "creeping spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia peplus",
"word": "petty spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia pekinensis",
"word": "Peking spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia peplis",
"word": "purple spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia resinifera",
"word": "resin spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia psammogeton",
"word": "sand spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia paralias",
"word": "sea spurge"
},
{
"word": "serrated spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia serrata",
"word": "sawtooth spurge"
},
{
"word": "spotted spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia maculata",
"word": "prostrate spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Daphne laureola",
"word": "spurge daphne"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Thymelaea passerina",
"word": "spurge flax"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Hyles euphorbiae",
"word": "spurge hawk-moth"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Daphne laureola",
"word": "spurge laurel"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Cnidoscolus stimulosus",
"word": "spurge nettle"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Daphne mezereum",
"word": "spurge olive"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia helioscopia",
"word": "sun spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia dendroides",
"word": "tree spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia amygdaloides",
"word": "wood spurge"
},
{
"word": "caper spurge"
},
{
"word": "paper spurge"
},
{
"word": "gopher spurge Euphorbia lathyris)"
},
{
"word": "gopher spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia rigida",
"word": "upright myrtle spurge"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1855, Robert Browning, Childe Roland to the Dark Tower Came, section X",
"text": "But cockle, spurge, according to their law / Might propagate their kind, with none to awe, / You'd think; a burr had been a treasure trove.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any plant of the genus Euphorbia, a diverse genus of over 2,000 species."
],
"id": "en-spurge-en-noun-4vIVFZ4W",
"links": [
[
"plant",
"plant"
],
[
"Euphorbia",
"Euphorbia#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "išakatʻnuk",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "իշակաթնուկ"
},
{
"code": "bbl",
"lang": "Bats",
"roman": "matxẽ",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "მათხეჼ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mlečka",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "млечка"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dàjǐ",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "大戟"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "vortemælk"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "wolfsmelk"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "tyräkki"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "euphorbe"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "épurge"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "surbia"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "rʒiana",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "რძიანა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Wolfsmilch"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "tithúmallos",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "τιθύμαλλος"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "kutyatej"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bainne caoin"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "buí na n-iníon"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "buí na mbáb"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "spuirse"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "euforbia"
},
{
"alt": "とうだいぐさ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tōdaigusa",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "灯台草"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "yūforubia",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "ユーフォルビア"
},
{
"code": "lzz",
"lang": "Laz",
"roman": "mjaila",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "მჟაილა"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "mlečka",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "млечка"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "mlečajka",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "млечајка"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "spurge"
},
{
"code": "xmf",
"lang": "Mingrelian",
"roman": "mabžalia",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "მაბჟალია"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "šebram",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "شبرم"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "wilczomlecz"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "eufórbio"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aior"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "alior"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "moločáj",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "молоча́й"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "wjelceńc"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "euforbio"
},
{
"code": "sva",
"lang": "Svan",
"roman": "mələǯōl",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "მჷლჷჯო̄ლ"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "mkweche"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "törel"
},
{
"code": "xh",
"lang": "Xhosa",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "intsema"
},
{
"code": "xh",
"lang": "Xhosa",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "umhlontlo"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/spɝd͡ʒ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/spɜːd͡ʒ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-spurge.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/69/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-spurge.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-spurge.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "spurge"
}
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"etymology_number": 2,
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"args": {
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"expansion": "Uncertain",
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],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spurges",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "spurging",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "spurged",
"tags": [
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"past"
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},
{
"form": "spurged",
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],
"head_templates": [
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"args": {},
"expansion": "spurge (third-person singular simple present spurges, present participle spurging, simple past and past participle spurged)",
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],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1661, W. Cartwright, Siedge",
"text": "The body's somthing noysome: 'tis a stale one; / Good troth it spurgeth very monstrously.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To emit foam; to froth; said of the emission of yeast from beer during fermentation."
],
"id": "en-spurge-en-verb-M1PTLGeK",
"links": [
[
"froth",
"froth"
],
[
"yeast",
"yeast"
],
[
"beer",
"beer"
],
[
"fermentation",
"fermentation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To emit foam; to froth; said of the emission of yeast from beer during fermentation."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "penja se",
"sense": "of beer during fermentation: to emit foam",
"word": "пеня се"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of beer during fermentation: to emit foam",
"word": "vaahdota"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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"ipa": "/spɝd͡ʒ/",
"tags": [
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},
{
"ipa": "/spɜːd͡ʒ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-spurge.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/69/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-spurge.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-spurge.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "spurge"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
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"args": {
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"expansion": "English: spurge",
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}
],
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"3": "espurge",
"4": "",
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"g3": "",
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"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
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},
"expansion": "Old French espurge",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "fro",
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"expansion": "Borrowed from Old French espurge",
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{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "expurgo"
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"expansion": "Latin expurgo",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "purgen"
},
"expansion": "purgen",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French espurge, from espurgier, from Latin expurgo. Compare purgen.",
"head_templates": [
{
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"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
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"head": "",
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"expansion": "spurge",
"name": "head"
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],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
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{
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"id": "en-spurge-enm-noun-xI0qsUXI",
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"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sporge"
},
{
"word": "spourge"
},
{
"word": "spowrge"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspurd͡ʒ(ə)/"
}
],
"word": "spurge"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pewH-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒ",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒ/1 syllable",
"en:Spurges"
],
"derived": [
{
"taxonomic": "Pachysandra procumbens",
"word": "Allegheny spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Amperea xiphoclada",
"word": "broom spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia epithymoides",
"word": "cushion spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia cyparissias",
"word": "cypress spurge"
},
{
"word": "green spurge"
},
{
"word": "Hall's shrubby spurge (Tetracoccus hallii"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia neriifolia",
"word": "Indian spurge tree"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia tirucalli",
"word": "Indian tree spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Pachysandra terminalis",
"word": "Japanese spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia esula",
"word": "leafy spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia characias",
"word": "Mediterranean spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia lactea",
"word": "mottled spurge"
},
{
"word": "myrtle spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia myrsinites",
"word": "creeping spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia peplus",
"word": "petty spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia pekinensis",
"word": "Peking spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia peplis",
"word": "purple spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia resinifera",
"word": "resin spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia psammogeton",
"word": "sand spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia paralias",
"word": "sea spurge"
},
{
"word": "serrated spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia serrata",
"word": "sawtooth spurge"
},
{
"word": "spotted spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia maculata",
"word": "prostrate spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Daphne laureola",
"word": "spurge daphne"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Thymelaea passerina",
"word": "spurge flax"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Hyles euphorbiae",
"word": "spurge hawk-moth"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Daphne laureola",
"word": "spurge laurel"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Cnidoscolus stimulosus",
"word": "spurge nettle"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Daphne mezereum",
"word": "spurge olive"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia helioscopia",
"word": "sun spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia dendroides",
"word": "tree spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia amygdaloides",
"word": "wood spurge"
},
{
"word": "caper spurge"
},
{
"word": "paper spurge"
},
{
"word": "gopher spurge Euphorbia lathyris)"
},
{
"word": "gopher spurge"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Euphorbia rigida",
"word": "upright myrtle spurge"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pewH-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "spurge",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English spurge",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "spurge"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle English spurge",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "espurge"
},
"expansion": "Old French espurge",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "espurgier",
"3": "",
"4": "to purge"
},
"expansion": "espurgier (“to purge”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "expurgo",
"4": "",
"5": "I purge"
},
"expansion": "Latin expurgo (“I purge”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English spurge, from Old French espurge, from espurgier (“to purge”), from Latin expurgo (“I purge”); the bitter milky sap of these plants was formerly used as a purgative.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spurges",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "spurge (usually uncountable, plural spurges)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1855, Robert Browning, Childe Roland to the Dark Tower Came, section X",
"text": "But cockle, spurge, according to their law / Might propagate their kind, with none to awe, / You'd think; a burr had been a treasure trove.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any plant of the genus Euphorbia, a diverse genus of over 2,000 species."
],
"links": [
[
"plant",
"plant"
],
[
"Euphorbia",
"Euphorbia#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/spɝd͡ʒ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/spɜːd͡ʒ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-spurge.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/69/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-spurge.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-spurge.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/69/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-spurge.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-spurge.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "išakatʻnuk",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "իշակաթնուկ"
},
{
"code": "bbl",
"lang": "Bats",
"roman": "matxẽ",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "მათხეჼ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mlečka",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "млечка"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dàjǐ",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "大戟"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "vortemælk"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "wolfsmelk"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "tyräkki"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "euphorbe"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "épurge"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "surbia"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "rʒiana",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "რძიანა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Wolfsmilch"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "tithúmallos",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "τιθύμαλλος"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "kutyatej"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bainne caoin"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "buí na n-iníon"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "buí na mbáb"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "spuirse"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "euforbia"
},
{
"alt": "とうだいぐさ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tōdaigusa",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "灯台草"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "yūforubia",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "ユーフォルビア"
},
{
"code": "lzz",
"lang": "Laz",
"roman": "mjaila",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "მჟაილა"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "mlečka",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "млечка"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "mlečajka",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "млечајка"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "spurge"
},
{
"code": "xmf",
"lang": "Mingrelian",
"roman": "mabžalia",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "მაბჟალია"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "šebram",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "شبرم"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "wilczomlecz"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "eufórbio"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aior"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "alior"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "moločáj",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "молоча́й"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "wjelceńc"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "euforbio"
},
{
"code": "sva",
"lang": "Svan",
"roman": "mələǯōl",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "მჷლჷჯო̄ლ"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "mkweche"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "törel"
},
{
"code": "xh",
"lang": "Xhosa",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "intsema"
},
{
"code": "xh",
"lang": "Xhosa",
"sense": "any plant of the genus Euphorbia",
"word": "umhlontlo"
}
],
"word": "spurge"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒ",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒ/1 syllable",
"en:Spurges"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spurges",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "spurging",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "spurged",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "spurged",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "spurge (third-person singular simple present spurges, present participle spurging, simple past and past participle spurged)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1661, W. Cartwright, Siedge",
"text": "The body's somthing noysome: 'tis a stale one; / Good troth it spurgeth very monstrously.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To emit foam; to froth; said of the emission of yeast from beer during fermentation."
],
"links": [
[
"froth",
"froth"
],
[
"yeast",
"yeast"
],
[
"beer",
"beer"
],
[
"fermentation",
"fermentation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To emit foam; to froth; said of the emission of yeast from beer during fermentation."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/spɝd͡ʒ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/spɜːd͡ʒ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-spurge.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/69/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-spurge.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-spurge.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/69/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-spurge.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-spurge.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "penja se",
"sense": "of beer during fermentation: to emit foam",
"word": "пеня се"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of beer during fermentation: to emit foam",
"word": "vaahdota"
}
],
"word": "spurge"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "spurge"
},
"expansion": "English: spurge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: spurge"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "espurge",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French espurge",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "espurge"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Old French espurge",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "espurgier"
},
"expansion": "espurgier",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "expurgo"
},
"expansion": "Latin expurgo",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "purgen"
},
"expansion": "purgen",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French espurge, from espurgier, from Latin expurgo. Compare purgen.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "spurge",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "spurge (uncountable)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle English uncountable nouns",
"enm:Plants"
],
"glosses": [
"spurge"
],
"links": [
[
"spurge",
"spurge#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspurd͡ʒ(ə)/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sporge"
},
{
"word": "spourge"
},
{
"word": "spowrge"
}
],
"word": "spurge"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (a644e18 and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.