See sourd on Wiktionary
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{
"form": "sourds",
"tags": [
"present",
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{
"form": "sourding",
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{
"ref": "1531, Thomas Elyot, “The Best Governance”, in Ernest Rhys, editor, The Boke Named the Governour […] (Everyman’s Library), London: J[oseph] M[alaby] Dent & Co; New York, N.Y.: E[dward] P[ayson] Dutton & Co, published [1907], →OCLC, 1st book, page 11:",
"text": "[…]wherby at the last shuld have sourded discention amonge the people, they beinge seperately enclined towarde theyr naturall souerayne lorde[…]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1560, “Pſalme. xxxvi”, in Matthew Parker, The whole Pſalter tranſlated into Engliſh metre […] , Iohn Daye, page 98:",
"text": "Foꝛ with the only be theſe welles of lyfe, / Of frayle men ſpring but podels of myꝛe, / From whom ſourdeth errour ⁊ croked ſtrife[…]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1596, Tho[mas] Nashe, “Dialogus”, in Haue with You to Saffron-Walden. Or, Gabriell Harveys Hunt is Up. […], London: […] John Danter, →OCLC; republished as J[ohn] P[ayne] C[ollier], editor, Have with You to Saffron-Walden (Miscellaneous Tracts; Temp. Eliz. and Jac. I), [London: s.n., 1870], →OCLC, page 71:",
"text": "Cornead. The ſpirit of foolery out of this Archibald Rupenrope he ſhall never be able to caſt, were the nectar of his eloquence a thouſand times more ſuperabundant, inceſſant ſourding.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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"To arise, issue or emerge; to give rise."
],
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"arise"
],
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"give"
],
[
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"rise"
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"(obsolete) To arise, issue or emerge; to give rise."
],
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"word": "sourde"
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{
"word": "assourdir"
},
{
"word": "dialogue de sourds"
},
{
"word": "faire la sourde oreille"
},
{
"word": "il n’est pire sourd que celui qui ne veut pas entendre"
},
{
"word": "sourd comme un pot"
},
{
"word": "sourdement"
},
{
"word": "sourdine"
},
{
"word": "sourdingue"
},
{
"word": "tomber dans l’oreille d’un sourd"
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"word": "surdité"
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},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle English sourden",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "sourdre"
},
"expansion": "Old French sourdre",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "surgō"
},
"expansion": "Latin surgō",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English sourden, from Old French sourdre, from Latin surgō, contraction of earlier subrigō. Compare source.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sourds",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sourding",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sourded",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sourded",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
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"name": "en-verb"
}
],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English obsolete terms",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with quotations",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1531, Thomas Elyot, “The Best Governance”, in Ernest Rhys, editor, The Boke Named the Governour […] (Everyman’s Library), London: J[oseph] M[alaby] Dent & Co; New York, N.Y.: E[dward] P[ayson] Dutton & Co, published [1907], →OCLC, 1st book, page 11:",
"text": "[…]wherby at the last shuld have sourded discention amonge the people, they beinge seperately enclined towarde theyr naturall souerayne lorde[…]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1560, “Pſalme. xxxvi”, in Matthew Parker, The whole Pſalter tranſlated into Engliſh metre […] , Iohn Daye, page 98:",
"text": "Foꝛ with the only be theſe welles of lyfe, / Of frayle men ſpring but podels of myꝛe, / From whom ſourdeth errour ⁊ croked ſtrife[…]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1596, Tho[mas] Nashe, “Dialogus”, in Haue with You to Saffron-Walden. Or, Gabriell Harveys Hunt is Up. […], London: […] John Danter, →OCLC; republished as J[ohn] P[ayne] C[ollier], editor, Have with You to Saffron-Walden (Miscellaneous Tracts; Temp. Eliz. and Jac. I), [London: s.n., 1870], →OCLC, page 71:",
"text": "Cornead. The ſpirit of foolery out of this Archibald Rupenrope he ſhall never be able to caſt, were the nectar of his eloquence a thouſand times more ſuperabundant, inceſſant ſourding.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To arise, issue or emerge; to give rise."
],
"links": [
[
"arise",
"arise"
],
[
"issue",
"issue"
],
[
"emerge",
"emerge"
],
[
"give",
"give"
],
[
"rise",
"rise"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To arise, issue or emerge; to give rise."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sourde"
}
],
"word": "sourd"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French adjectives",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French non-lemma forms",
"French nouns",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Middle French",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Middle French",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French verb forms",
"Middle French adjectives",
"Middle French countable nouns",
"Middle French entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle French lemmas",
"Middle French masculine nouns",
"Middle French nouns",
"Middle French terms derived from Latin",
"Middle French terms derived from Old French",
"Middle French terms inherited from Latin",
"Middle French terms inherited from Old French",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"fr:Hearing"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
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"3": "sourd",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French sourd",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "sourd"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French sourd",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
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},
"expansion": "Old French sourt",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "surdus"
},
"expansion": "Latin surdus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*swer-",
"t": "ringing, whistling"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“ringing, whistling”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French sourd, from Old French sourt, sord, surt, surz, from Latin surdus, from Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“ringing, whistling”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sourde",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "sourds",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sourdes",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sourd (feminine sourde, masculine plural sourds, feminine plural sourdes)",
"name": "fr-adj"
}
],
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"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"deaf (person, animal)"
],
"links": [
[
"deaf",
"deaf"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dur de la feuille"
},
{
"word": "mal-entendant"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"muffled (sound)"
],
"links": [
[
"muffled",
"muffled"
]
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "sonore"
}
],
"categories": [
"fr:Phonetics"
],
"glosses": [
"unvoiced, voiceless"
],
"links": [
[
"phonetics",
"phonetics"
],
[
"unvoiced",
"unvoiced"
],
[
"voiceless",
"voiceless"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(phonetics) unvoiced, voiceless"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dévoisé"
}
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonetics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/suʁ/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-sourd.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fc/Fr-sourd.ogg/Fr-sourd.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Fr-sourd.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-Paris--sourd.ogg",
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/46/Fr-Paris--sourd.ogg"
}
],
"word": "sourd"
}
{
"categories": [
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"French adjectives",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French non-lemma forms",
"French nouns",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Middle French",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Middle French",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French verb forms",
"Middle French adjectives",
"Middle French countable nouns",
"Middle French entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle French lemmas",
"Middle French masculine nouns",
"Middle French nouns",
"Middle French terms derived from Latin",
"Middle French terms derived from Old French",
"Middle French terms inherited from Latin",
"Middle French terms inherited from Old French",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"fr:Hearing"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "assourdir"
},
{
"word": "dialogue de sourds"
},
{
"word": "faire la sourde oreille"
},
{
"word": "il n’est pire sourd que celui qui ne veut pas entendre"
},
{
"word": "sourd comme un pot"
},
{
"word": "sourdement"
},
{
"word": "sourdine"
},
{
"word": "sourdingue"
},
{
"word": "tomber dans l’oreille d’un sourd"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
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"3": "sourd",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
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"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French sourd",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "frm",
"3": "sourd"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French sourd",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "Old French sourt",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "surdus"
},
"expansion": "Latin surdus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*swer-",
"t": "ringing, whistling"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“ringing, whistling”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French sourd, from Old French sourt, sord, surt, surz, from Latin surdus, from Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“ringing, whistling”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sourds",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sourde",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"f": "+"
},
"expansion": "sourd m (plural sourds, feminine sourde)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "absurde"
},
{
"word": "surdité"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"deaf person"
],
"links": [
[
"deaf person",
"deaf person"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/suʁ/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-sourd.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fc/Fr-sourd.ogg/Fr-sourd.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Fr-sourd.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-Paris--sourd.ogg",
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/46/Fr-Paris--sourd.ogg"
}
],
"word": "sourd"
}
{
"categories": [
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"French adjectives",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French non-lemma forms",
"French nouns",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Middle French",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Middle French",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French verb forms",
"Middle French adjectives",
"Middle French countable nouns",
"Middle French entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle French lemmas",
"Middle French masculine nouns",
"Middle French nouns",
"Middle French terms derived from Latin",
"Middle French terms derived from Old French",
"Middle French terms inherited from Latin",
"Middle French terms inherited from Old French",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"fr:Hearing"
],
"etymology_templates": [
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},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
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"3": "sourd",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
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"tr": "",
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},
"expansion": "Middle French sourd",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "frm",
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},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French sourd",
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},
{
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},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
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},
"expansion": "Latin surdus",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
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"t": "ringing, whistling"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“ringing, whistling”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French sourd, from Old French sourt, sord, surt, surz, from Latin surdus, from Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“ringing, whistling”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "sourd",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "sourdre"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person singular present indicative of sourdre"
],
"links": [
[
"sourdre",
"sourdre#French"
]
],
"tags": [
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"indicative",
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"singular",
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]
}
],
"sounds": [
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"ipa": "/suʁ/"
},
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Fr-sourd.ogg"
},
{
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/46/Fr-Paris--sourd.ogg"
}
],
"word": "sourd"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Middle French countable nouns",
"Middle French entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle French lemmas",
"Middle French masculine nouns",
"Middle French nouns",
"Middle French terms derived from Latin",
"Middle French terms derived from Old French",
"Middle French terms inherited from Latin",
"Middle French terms inherited from Old French",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
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"2": "fro",
"3": "sourt"
},
"expansion": "Old French sourt",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "la",
"3": "surdus"
},
"expansion": "Latin surdus",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French sourt, sord, surt, surz, from Latin surdus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sourds",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"10": "{{{f}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{f}}}s",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "sourds",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{pl2}}}",
"9": "",
"f1accel-form": "p",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "sourd m (plural sourds)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "sourd m (plural sourds)",
"name": "frm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"deaf person"
],
"links": [
[
"deaf",
"deaf"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "sourd"
}
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"categories": [
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"Middle French countable nouns",
"Middle French entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle French lemmas",
"Middle French masculine nouns",
"Middle French nouns",
"Middle French terms derived from Latin",
"Middle French terms derived from Old French",
"Middle French terms inherited from Latin",
"Middle French terms inherited from Old French",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "sourd"
},
"expansion": "French: sourd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: sourd"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
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"2": "fro",
"3": "sourt"
},
"expansion": "Old French sourt",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "la",
"3": "surdus"
},
"expansion": "Latin surdus",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French sourt, sord, surt, surz, from Latin surdus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sourde",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sourdz",
"tags": [
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"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sourdes",
"tags": [
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"plural"
]
}
],
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"10": "{{{mp2}}}",
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"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "sourdz",
"5": "feminine singular",
"6": "sourde",
"7": "masculine plural",
"8": "sourdz",
"9": "",
"f1accel-form": "p",
"f2accel-form": "f|s",
"f3accel-form": "m|p",
"f5accel-form": "f|p",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "sourd m (feminine singular sourde, masculine plural sourdz, feminine plural sourdes)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "sourdz",
"3": "sourdes"
},
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"name": "frm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"deaf"
],
"links": [
[
"deaf",
"deaf"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "sourd"
}
Download raw JSONL data for sourd meaning in All languages combined (16.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (05fdf6b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.