See skuldi on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "skuldijan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "skuldihaitijō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "skuldōn"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "sċyld",
"3": "sċyldu"
},
"expansion": "Old English: sċyld, sċyldu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: sċyld, sċyldu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "schuld",
"3": "shild"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: schuld, shild",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: schuld, shild"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "shild"
},
"expansion": "English: shild",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: shild"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "skeld",
"id": "guilt"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: skeld",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: skeld"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "schild"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: schild",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: schild"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Skeeld"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Skeeld",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Skeeld"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*skuld",
"3": "sculd"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *skuld, sculd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *skuld, sculd"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "schuld",
"3": "schülde"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: schuld, schülde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: schuld, schülde"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Schuld",
"3": "Schüld"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Schuld, Schüld",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Schuld, Schüld"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "skult"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: skult",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: skult"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "scult",
"3": "scout"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: scult, scout",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: scult, scout"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "schuld"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: schuld",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: schuld"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "skuld"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: skuld",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: skuld"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "*skuld",
"3": "sculd",
"4": "scult",
"5": "sculda",
"6": "sculta"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: *skuld, sculd, scult, sculda, sculta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: *skuld, sculd, scult, sculda, sculta"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "schult",
"3": "schulde"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: schult, schulde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: schult, schulde"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Schuld"
},
"expansion": "German: Schuld",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Schuld"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "ŝuldo",
"bor": "yes"
},
"expansion": "→ Esperanto: ŝuldo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Esperanto: ŝuldo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Schold"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: Schold",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: Schold"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "שולד"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: שולד (shuld)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: שולד (shuld)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skuldiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skuldiz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *skuldiz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "skuldi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuldī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skuldi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuldī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skuldī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuldijō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skuldī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuldim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skuldijum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skuldī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuldim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skuldijum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "*skuldi f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-i"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/skuldi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"obligation"
],
"id": "en-skuldi-gmw-pro-noun-35opqbSe",
"links": [
[
"obligation",
"obligation"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"debt"
],
"id": "en-skuldi-gmw-pro-noun-ZS11-br7",
"links": [
[
"debt",
"debt"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 20 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fault, blame, guilt"
],
"id": "en-skuldi-gmw-pro-noun-i3jLeEfb",
"links": [
[
"fault",
"fault"
],
[
"blame",
"blame"
],
[
"guilt",
"guilt"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "skuldi"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "verb form",
"head": "skuldi"
},
"expansion": "skuldi",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Swedish",
"lang_code": "gmq-osw",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 4 4 14 17 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "61 3 3 11 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "87 7 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "skula"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person past indicative/subjunctive of skula"
],
"id": "en-skuldi-gmq-osw-verb-1lRxPcNx",
"links": [
[
"skula",
"skula#Old_Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "skula"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person past indicative/subjunctive of skula"
],
"id": "en-skuldi-gmq-osw-verb-2zMa~uEk",
"links": [
[
"skula",
"skula#Old_Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "skula"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person past indicative/subjunctive of skula"
],
"id": "en-skuldi-gmq-osw-verb-xL0i030s",
"links": [
[
"skula",
"skula#Old_Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"past",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "skuldi"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Swedish non-lemma forms",
"Old Swedish terms with redundant head parameter",
"Old Swedish verb forms",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "verb form",
"head": "skuldi"
},
"expansion": "skuldi",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Swedish",
"lang_code": "gmq-osw",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "skula"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person past indicative/subjunctive of skula"
],
"links": [
[
"skula",
"skula#Old_Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "skula"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person past indicative/subjunctive of skula"
],
"links": [
[
"skula",
"skula#Old_Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "skula"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person past indicative/subjunctive of skula"
],
"links": [
[
"skula",
"skula#Old_Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"past",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "skuldi"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic feminine nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic i-stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "skuldijan"
},
{
"word": "skuldihaitijō"
},
{
"word": "skuldōn"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "sċyld",
"3": "sċyldu"
},
"expansion": "Old English: sċyld, sċyldu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: sċyld, sċyldu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "schuld",
"3": "shild"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: schuld, shild",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: schuld, shild"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "shild"
},
"expansion": "English: shild",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: shild"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "skeld",
"id": "guilt"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: skeld",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: skeld"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "schild"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: schild",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: schild"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Skeeld"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Skeeld",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Skeeld"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*skuld",
"3": "sculd"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *skuld, sculd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *skuld, sculd"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "schuld",
"3": "schülde"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: schuld, schülde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: schuld, schülde"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Schuld",
"3": "Schüld"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Schuld, Schüld",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Schuld, Schüld"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "skult"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: skult",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: skult"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "scult",
"3": "scout"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: scult, scout",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: scult, scout"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "schuld"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: schuld",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: schuld"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "skuld"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: skuld",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: skuld"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "*skuld",
"3": "sculd",
"4": "scult",
"5": "sculda",
"6": "sculta"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: *skuld, sculd, scult, sculda, sculta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: *skuld, sculd, scult, sculda, sculta"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "schult",
"3": "schulde"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: schult, schulde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: schult, schulde"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Schuld"
},
"expansion": "German: Schuld",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Schuld"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "ŝuldo",
"bor": "yes"
},
"expansion": "→ Esperanto: ŝuldo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Esperanto: ŝuldo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Schold"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: Schold",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: Schold"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "שולד"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: שולד (shuld)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: שולד (shuld)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skuldiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skuldiz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *skuldiz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "skuldi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuldī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skuldi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuldī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skuldī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuldijō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skuldī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuldim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skuldijum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skuldī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skuldim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skuldijum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "*skuldi f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-i"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/skuldi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"obligation"
],
"links": [
[
"obligation",
"obligation"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"gmw-pro:Economics"
],
"glosses": [
"debt"
],
"links": [
[
"debt",
"debt"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"gmw-pro:Crime"
],
"glosses": [
"fault, blame, guilt"
],
"links": [
[
"fault",
"fault"
],
[
"blame",
"blame"
],
[
"guilt",
"guilt"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "skuldi"
}
Download raw JSONL data for skuldi meaning in All languages combined (6.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (f90d964 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.