"shadowing" meaning in All languages combined

See shadowing on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

IPA: /ˈʃædəʊɪŋ/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ʃædoʊɪŋ/ [General-American] Audio: En-us-shadowing.ogg Forms: shadowings [plural]
Rhymes: -ædəʊɪŋ Etymology: From shadow (verb) + -ing (suffix forming nouns denoting the act of doing something, an action, or the embodiment of an action; or forming present participles of verbs). Etymology templates: {{lg|suffix}} suffix, {{lg|noun}} noun, {{lg|present}} present, {{lg|participle}} participle, {{lg|verb}} verb, {{affix|en|shadow|-ing|id2=gerund noun|pos1=v|pos2=suffix forming nouns denoting the act of doing something, an action, or the embodiment of an action; or forming present participles of verbs}} shadow (verb) + -ing (suffix forming nouns denoting the act of doing something, an action, or the embodiment of an action; or forming present participles of verbs) Head templates: {{en-noun|~}} shadowing (countable and uncountable, plural shadowings)
  1. The effect of being shadowed (in the sense of blocked), as from a light source or radio transmission. Tags: countable, uncountable Translations (effect of being shadowed, as from a light source or radio transmission): varjostuminen (Finnish), effet de masque [masculine] (French)
    Sense id: en-shadowing-en-noun-s-hpM1DL Disambiguation of 'effect of being shadowed, as from a light source or radio transmission': 73 2 5 3 12 5
  2. The situation where a person repeats speech immediately as they hear it (usually through earphones). Tags: countable, uncountable
    Sense id: en-shadowing-en-noun-jnUHDlEF
  3. (espionage) Secretly or discreetly tracking or following someone, keeping under surveillance. Tags: countable, uncountable
    Sense id: en-shadowing-en-noun-u3GQnz2W Categories (other): Espionage Topics: espionage, government, military, politics, war
  4. A faint representation; an adumbration. Tags: countable, uncountable
    Sense id: en-shadowing-en-noun-qWAkJREu
  5. (computing) The technique of copying ROM contents to RAM to allow for shorter access times. The ROM chip is then disabled while the initialized memory locations are switched in on the same block of addresses. Tags: countable, uncountable
    Sense id: en-shadowing-en-noun-5VmSIpnP Categories (other): Computing, English entries with incorrect language header, English terms suffixed with -ing (gerund noun), Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Turkish translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 5 4 21 2 43 23 2 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -ing (gerund noun): 5 6 14 5 33 18 19 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 4 4 17 4 47 18 5 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 2 2 24 2 41 26 3 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 2 2 24 2 43 25 2 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 7 4 18 6 40 20 6 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 7 4 17 5 38 20 8 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 7 4 18 6 40 20 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 5 4 18 5 42 20 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 9 5 14 5 41 21 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 5 4 18 5 42 20 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations: 5 22 13 6 35 15 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 4 3 20 4 44 20 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkish translations: 6 4 17 5 45 19 5 Topics: computing, engineering, mathematics, natural-sciences, physical-sciences, sciences
  6. (education) A work experience option where students learn about a job by walking through the work day as a shadow to a competent worker. Tags: countable, uncountable Translations (learning about a job as a shadow to a competent worker): varjostaminen (Finnish), observation [feminine] (French), hospitiranje [Roman, neuter] (Serbo-Croatian), observar (Spanish)
    Sense id: en-shadowing-en-noun-X3hd9Sox Categories (other): Education Topics: education Disambiguation of 'learning about a job as a shadow to a competent worker': 7 2 4 4 9 73
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: work shadowing Translations (speech repetition): 鸚鵡學舌 /鹦鹉学舌 (yīngwǔ xuéshé) (Chinese Mandarin), 跟讀 /跟读 (gēndú) (Chinese Mandarin), kuullun toistaminen (Finnish), Schattenlesen [neuter] (German), シャドーイング (shadōingu) (Japanese), シャドウイング (shadouingu) (Japanese), шэ́доуинг (šɛ́douing) [masculine] (Russian), gölgeleme tekniği (Turkish)
Disambiguation of 'speech repetition': 10 25 10 15 25 14

Verb [English]

IPA: /ˈʃædəʊɪŋ/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ʃædoʊɪŋ/ [General-American] Audio: En-us-shadowing.ogg
Rhymes: -ædəʊɪŋ Etymology: From shadow (verb) + -ing (suffix forming nouns denoting the act of doing something, an action, or the embodiment of an action; or forming present participles of verbs). Etymology templates: {{lg|suffix}} suffix, {{lg|noun}} noun, {{lg|present}} present, {{lg|participle}} participle, {{lg|verb}} verb, {{affix|en|shadow|-ing|id2=gerund noun|pos1=v|pos2=suffix forming nouns denoting the act of doing something, an action, or the embodiment of an action; or forming present participles of verbs}} shadow (verb) + -ing (suffix forming nouns denoting the act of doing something, an action, or the embodiment of an action; or forming present participles of verbs) Head templates: {{head|en|verb form}} shadowing
  1. present participle and gerund of shadow Tags: form-of, gerund, participle, present Form of: shadow
    Sense id: en-shadowing-en-verb-bQ2oICWq

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "work shadowing"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "noun",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "present"
      },
      "expansion": "present",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "participle"
      },
      "expansion": "participle",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "verb",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "shadow",
        "3": "-ing",
        "id2": "gerund noun",
        "pos1": "v",
        "pos2": "suffix forming nouns denoting the act of doing something, an action, or the embodiment of an action; or forming present participles of verbs"
      },
      "expansion": "shadow (verb) + -ing (suffix forming nouns denoting the act of doing something, an action, or the embodiment of an action; or forming present participles of verbs)",
      "name": "affix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From shadow (verb) + -ing (suffix forming nouns denoting the act of doing something, an action, or the embodiment of an action; or forming present participles of verbs).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "shadowings",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "shadowing (countable and uncountable, plural shadowings)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "sha",
        "dow",
        "ing"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The effect of being shadowed (in the sense of blocked), as from a light source or radio transmission."
      ],
      "id": "en-shadowing-en-noun-s-hpM1DL",
      "links": [
        [
          "shadow",
          "shadow"
        ],
        [
          "light source",
          "light source"
        ],
        [
          "radio",
          "radio"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "73 2 5 3 12 5",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "lang_code": "fi",
          "sense": "effect of being shadowed, as from a light source or radio transmission",
          "word": "varjostuminen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "73 2 5 3 12 5",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "lang_code": "fr",
          "sense": "effect of being shadowed, as from a light source or radio transmission",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "effet de masque"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The situation where a person repeats speech immediately as they hear it (usually through earphones)."
      ],
      "id": "en-shadowing-en-noun-jnUHDlEF",
      "links": [
        [
          "earphones",
          "earphones"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Espionage",
          "orig": "en:Espionage",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Secretly or discreetly tracking or following someone, keeping under surveillance."
      ],
      "id": "en-shadowing-en-noun-u3GQnz2W",
      "links": [
        [
          "espionage",
          "espionage"
        ],
        [
          "Secretly",
          "secretly"
        ],
        [
          "track",
          "track"
        ],
        [
          "follow",
          "follow"
        ],
        [
          "surveillance",
          "surveillance"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(espionage) Secretly or discreetly tracking or following someone, keeping under surveillance."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "espionage",
        "government",
        "military",
        "politics",
        "war"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              33,
              43
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1871, Edward Burnett Tylor, Primitive Culture:",
          "text": "There are […] in savage theology shadowings, quaint or majestic, of the conception of a Supreme Deity.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A faint representation; an adumbration."
      ],
      "id": "en-shadowing-en-noun-qWAkJREu",
      "links": [
        [
          "faint",
          "faint"
        ],
        [
          "representation",
          "representation"
        ],
        [
          "adumbration",
          "adumbration"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Computing",
          "orig": "en:Computing",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 4 21 2 43 23 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 6 14 5 33 18 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -ing (gerund noun)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 4 17 4 47 18 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 2 24 2 41 26 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 2 24 2 43 25 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 4 18 6 40 20 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 4 17 5 38 20 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with French translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 4 18 6 40 20 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with German translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 4 18 5 42 20 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 5 14 5 41 21 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 4 18 5 42 20 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Russian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 22 13 6 35 15 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 3 20 4 44 20 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 4 17 5 45 19 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The technique of copying ROM contents to RAM to allow for shorter access times. The ROM chip is then disabled while the initialized memory locations are switched in on the same block of addresses."
      ],
      "id": "en-shadowing-en-noun-5VmSIpnP",
      "links": [
        [
          "computing",
          "computing#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "copy",
          "copy"
        ],
        [
          "ROM",
          "ROM"
        ],
        [
          "RAM",
          "RAM"
        ],
        [
          "memory",
          "memory"
        ],
        [
          "location",
          "location"
        ],
        [
          "block",
          "block"
        ],
        [
          "address",
          "address"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(computing) The technique of copying ROM contents to RAM to allow for shorter access times. The ROM chip is then disabled while the initialized memory locations are switched in on the same block of addresses."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "computing",
        "engineering",
        "mathematics",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Education",
          "orig": "en:Education",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A work experience option where students learn about a job by walking through the work day as a shadow to a competent worker."
      ],
      "id": "en-shadowing-en-noun-X3hd9Sox",
      "links": [
        [
          "education",
          "education"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(education) A work experience option where students learn about a job by walking through the work day as a shadow to a competent worker."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "education"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "7 2 4 4 9 73",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "lang_code": "fi",
          "sense": "learning about a job as a shadow to a competent worker",
          "word": "varjostaminen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 2 4 4 9 73",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "lang_code": "fr",
          "sense": "learning about a job as a shadow to a competent worker",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "observation"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 2 4 4 9 73",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "lang_code": "sh",
          "sense": "learning about a job as a shadow to a competent worker",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "hospitiranje"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "7 2 4 4 9 73",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "lang_code": "es",
          "sense": "learning about a job as a shadow to a competent worker",
          "word": "observar"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈʃædəʊɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʃædoʊɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-shadowing.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cb/En-us-shadowing.ogg/En-us-shadowing.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/En-us-shadowing.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ædəʊɪŋ"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "_dis1": "10 25 10 15 25 14",
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "yīngwǔ xuéshé",
      "sense": "speech repetition",
      "word": "鸚鵡學舌 /鹦鹉学舌"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "10 25 10 15 25 14",
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "gēndú",
      "sense": "speech repetition",
      "word": "跟讀 /跟读"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "10 25 10 15 25 14",
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "speech repetition",
      "word": "kuullun toistaminen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "10 25 10 15 25 14",
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "speech repetition",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Schattenlesen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "10 25 10 15 25 14",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "roman": "shadōingu",
      "sense": "speech repetition",
      "word": "シャドーイング"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "10 25 10 15 25 14",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "roman": "shadouingu",
      "sense": "speech repetition",
      "word": "シャドウイング"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "10 25 10 15 25 14",
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "roman": "šɛ́douing",
      "sense": "speech repetition",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "шэ́доуинг"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "10 25 10 15 25 14",
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "lang_code": "tr",
      "sense": "speech repetition",
      "word": "gölgeleme tekniği"
    }
  ],
  "word": "shadowing"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "noun",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "present"
      },
      "expansion": "present",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "participle"
      },
      "expansion": "participle",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "verb",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "shadow",
        "3": "-ing",
        "id2": "gerund noun",
        "pos1": "v",
        "pos2": "suffix forming nouns denoting the act of doing something, an action, or the embodiment of an action; or forming present participles of verbs"
      },
      "expansion": "shadow (verb) + -ing (suffix forming nouns denoting the act of doing something, an action, or the embodiment of an action; or forming present participles of verbs)",
      "name": "affix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From shadow (verb) + -ing (suffix forming nouns denoting the act of doing something, an action, or the embodiment of an action; or forming present participles of verbs).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "shadowing",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "sha",
        "dow",
        "ing"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "shadow"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "present participle and gerund of shadow"
      ],
      "id": "en-shadowing-en-verb-bQ2oICWq",
      "links": [
        [
          "shadow",
          "shadow#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈʃædəʊɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʃædoʊɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-shadowing.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cb/En-us-shadowing.ogg/En-us-shadowing.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/En-us-shadowing.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ædəʊɪŋ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "shadowing"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English non-lemma forms",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms suffixed with -ing (gerund noun)",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verb forms",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/ædəʊɪŋ",
    "Rhymes:English/ædəʊɪŋ/3 syllables",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Turkish translations"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "work shadowing"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "noun",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "present"
      },
      "expansion": "present",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "participle"
      },
      "expansion": "participle",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "verb",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "shadow",
        "3": "-ing",
        "id2": "gerund noun",
        "pos1": "v",
        "pos2": "suffix forming nouns denoting the act of doing something, an action, or the embodiment of an action; or forming present participles of verbs"
      },
      "expansion": "shadow (verb) + -ing (suffix forming nouns denoting the act of doing something, an action, or the embodiment of an action; or forming present participles of verbs)",
      "name": "affix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From shadow (verb) + -ing (suffix forming nouns denoting the act of doing something, an action, or the embodiment of an action; or forming present participles of verbs).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "shadowings",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "shadowing (countable and uncountable, plural shadowings)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "sha",
        "dow",
        "ing"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The effect of being shadowed (in the sense of blocked), as from a light source or radio transmission."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "shadow",
          "shadow"
        ],
        [
          "light source",
          "light source"
        ],
        [
          "radio",
          "radio"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The situation where a person repeats speech immediately as they hear it (usually through earphones)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "earphones",
          "earphones"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Espionage"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Secretly or discreetly tracking or following someone, keeping under surveillance."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "espionage",
          "espionage"
        ],
        [
          "Secretly",
          "secretly"
        ],
        [
          "track",
          "track"
        ],
        [
          "follow",
          "follow"
        ],
        [
          "surveillance",
          "surveillance"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(espionage) Secretly or discreetly tracking or following someone, keeping under surveillance."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "espionage",
        "government",
        "military",
        "politics",
        "war"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              33,
              43
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1871, Edward Burnett Tylor, Primitive Culture:",
          "text": "There are […] in savage theology shadowings, quaint or majestic, of the conception of a Supreme Deity.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A faint representation; an adumbration."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "faint",
          "faint"
        ],
        [
          "representation",
          "representation"
        ],
        [
          "adumbration",
          "adumbration"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Computing"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The technique of copying ROM contents to RAM to allow for shorter access times. The ROM chip is then disabled while the initialized memory locations are switched in on the same block of addresses."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "computing",
          "computing#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "copy",
          "copy"
        ],
        [
          "ROM",
          "ROM"
        ],
        [
          "RAM",
          "RAM"
        ],
        [
          "memory",
          "memory"
        ],
        [
          "location",
          "location"
        ],
        [
          "block",
          "block"
        ],
        [
          "address",
          "address"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(computing) The technique of copying ROM contents to RAM to allow for shorter access times. The ROM chip is then disabled while the initialized memory locations are switched in on the same block of addresses."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "computing",
        "engineering",
        "mathematics",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Education"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A work experience option where students learn about a job by walking through the work day as a shadow to a competent worker."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "education",
          "education"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(education) A work experience option where students learn about a job by walking through the work day as a shadow to a competent worker."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "education"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈʃædəʊɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʃædoʊɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-shadowing.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cb/En-us-shadowing.ogg/En-us-shadowing.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/En-us-shadowing.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ædəʊɪŋ"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "effect of being shadowed, as from a light source or radio transmission",
      "word": "varjostuminen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "sense": "effect of being shadowed, as from a light source or radio transmission",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "effet de masque"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "yīngwǔ xuéshé",
      "sense": "speech repetition",
      "word": "鸚鵡學舌 /鹦鹉学舌"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "gēndú",
      "sense": "speech repetition",
      "word": "跟讀 /跟读"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "speech repetition",
      "word": "kuullun toistaminen"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "speech repetition",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Schattenlesen"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "roman": "shadōingu",
      "sense": "speech repetition",
      "word": "シャドーイング"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "roman": "shadouingu",
      "sense": "speech repetition",
      "word": "シャドウイング"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "roman": "šɛ́douing",
      "sense": "speech repetition",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "шэ́доуинг"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "lang_code": "tr",
      "sense": "speech repetition",
      "word": "gölgeleme tekniği"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "learning about a job as a shadow to a competent worker",
      "word": "varjostaminen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "sense": "learning about a job as a shadow to a competent worker",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "observation"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "lang_code": "sh",
      "sense": "learning about a job as a shadow to a competent worker",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "hospitiranje"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense": "learning about a job as a shadow to a competent worker",
      "word": "observar"
    }
  ],
  "word": "shadowing"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English non-lemma forms",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms suffixed with -ing (gerund noun)",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verb forms",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/ædəʊɪŋ",
    "Rhymes:English/ædəʊɪŋ/3 syllables",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Turkish translations"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "noun",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "present"
      },
      "expansion": "present",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "participle"
      },
      "expansion": "participle",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "verb",
      "name": "lg"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "shadow",
        "3": "-ing",
        "id2": "gerund noun",
        "pos1": "v",
        "pos2": "suffix forming nouns denoting the act of doing something, an action, or the embodiment of an action; or forming present participles of verbs"
      },
      "expansion": "shadow (verb) + -ing (suffix forming nouns denoting the act of doing something, an action, or the embodiment of an action; or forming present participles of verbs)",
      "name": "affix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From shadow (verb) + -ing (suffix forming nouns denoting the act of doing something, an action, or the embodiment of an action; or forming present participles of verbs).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "shadowing",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "sha",
        "dow",
        "ing"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "shadow"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "present participle and gerund of shadow"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "shadow",
          "shadow#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈʃædəʊɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ʃædoʊɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-shadowing.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cb/En-us-shadowing.ogg/En-us-shadowing.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/En-us-shadowing.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ædəʊɪŋ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "shadowing"
}

Download raw JSONL data for shadowing meaning in All languages combined (9.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (6fdc867 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.