See serge on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for serge meaning in All languages combined (16.4kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "serge"
},
"expansion": "French serge",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "sarge"
},
"expansion": "Middle French sarge",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old French",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*sarica"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *sarica",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "sērica",
"t": "silken, silk things"
},
"expansion": "Latin sērica (“silken, silk things”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "σηρικός",
"4": "",
"5": "silken"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek σηρικός (sērikós, “silken”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σήρ",
"3": "",
"4": "silkworm"
},
"expansion": "σήρ (sḗr, “silkworm”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-ικός",
"3": "",
"4": "-ic"
},
"expansion": "-ικός (-ikós, “-ic”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "och",
"3": "絲",
"4": "",
"5": "silk",
"tr": "*sə"
},
"expansion": "Old Chinese 絲 (*sə, “silk”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "silk",
"3": "seric"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of silk and seric",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French serge, from Middle French sarge, from Old French, from Vulgar Latin *sarica, from Latin sērica (“silken, silk things”), from Ancient Greek σηρικός (sērikós, “silken”), from σήρ (sḗr, “silkworm”) + -ικός (-ikós, “-ic”), possibly from Old Chinese 絲 (*sə, “silk”). Doublet of silk and seric.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "serges",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "serge (countable and uncountable, plural serges)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "silk serge"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "denim"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Textiles",
"orig": "en:Textiles",
"parents": [
"Materials",
"Manufacturing",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1993, John Banville, Ghosts",
"text": "What I noticed most strongly was his smell, of hair oil and serge and cigarette smoke, and something else, something intimate and sour and wholly, shockingly other.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A type of worsted cloth."
],
"id": "en-serge-en-noun-ISLU-cdC",
"links": [
[
"textiles",
"textiles"
],
[
"worsted",
"worsted"
],
[
"cloth",
"cloth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(textiles) A type of worsted cloth."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"manufacturing",
"textiles"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "71 29",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ševiot",
"sense": "type of cloth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шевиот"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 29",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "type of cloth",
"word": "嗶嘰"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 29",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bìjī",
"sense": "type of cloth",
"word": "哔叽"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 29",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "type of cloth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sarga"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 29",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "serž",
"sense": "type of cloth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "серж"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 29",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "šéviot",
"sense": "type of cloth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ше́виот"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 29",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "šájak",
"sense": "type of cloth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ша́јак"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 29",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "type of cloth",
"word": "sarja"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 29",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "type of cloth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sarja"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 29",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sárža",
"sense": "type of cloth",
"word": "са́ржа"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 67 22 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 38 12 4 17 19 2 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 38 13 3 16 20 2 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 89 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 39 5 29",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Fabrics",
"orig": "en:Fabrics",
"parents": [
"Materials",
"Manufacturing",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 60 20 11",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Light sources",
"orig": "en:Light sources",
"parents": [
"Light",
"Energy",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A garment made of this fabric."
],
"id": "en-serge-en-noun-ByRA01C1",
"links": [
[
"garment",
"garment"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by metonymy) A garment made of this fabric."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"metonymically",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sɜːd͡ʒ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sɝd͡ʒ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-serge.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-serge.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-serge.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-serge.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-serge.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Serge (fabric)"
],
"word": "serge"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "serge"
},
"expansion": "French serge",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "sarge"
},
"expansion": "Middle French sarge",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old French",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*sarica"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *sarica",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "sērica",
"t": "silken, silk things"
},
"expansion": "Latin sērica (“silken, silk things”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "σηρικός",
"4": "",
"5": "silken"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek σηρικός (sērikós, “silken”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σήρ",
"3": "",
"4": "silkworm"
},
"expansion": "σήρ (sḗr, “silkworm”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-ικός",
"3": "",
"4": "-ic"
},
"expansion": "-ικός (-ikós, “-ic”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "och",
"3": "絲",
"4": "",
"5": "silk",
"tr": "*sə"
},
"expansion": "Old Chinese 絲 (*sə, “silk”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "silk",
"3": "seric"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of silk and seric",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French serge, from Middle French sarge, from Old French, from Vulgar Latin *sarica, from Latin sērica (“silken, silk things”), from Ancient Greek σηρικός (sērikós, “silken”), from σήρ (sḗr, “silkworm”) + -ικός (-ikós, “-ic”), possibly from Old Chinese 絲 (*sə, “silk”). Doublet of silk and seric.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "serges",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serging",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "serged",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "serged",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "serge (third-person singular simple present serges, present participle serging, simple past and past participle serged)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Sewing",
"orig": "en:Sewing",
"parents": [
"Crafts",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To overlock."
],
"id": "en-serge-en-verb-EC55Zu5D",
"links": [
[
"sewing",
"sewing#Noun"
],
[
"overlock",
"overlock"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sewing) To overlock."
],
"topics": [
"business",
"manufacturing",
"sewing",
"textiles"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sɜːd͡ʒ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sɝd͡ʒ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-serge.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-serge.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-serge.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-serge.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-serge.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "serge"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "cierge"
},
"expansion": "French cierge",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French cierge.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "serges",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "serge (plural serges)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A large wax candle used in some church ceremonies."
],
"id": "en-serge-en-noun-ixCJ120T",
"links": [
[
"wax",
"wax"
],
[
"candle",
"candle"
],
[
"church",
"church"
],
[
"ceremonies",
"ceremony"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sɜːd͡ʒ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sɝd͡ʒ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-serge.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-serge.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-serge.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-serge.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-serge.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "serge"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "serge",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: serge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: serge"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "sarge",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French sarge",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "sarge"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French sarge",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "sarge"
},
"expansion": "Old French sarge",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*sarica"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *sarica",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "sērica"
},
"expansion": "Latin sērica",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σηρῐκός",
"3": "",
"4": "silken"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek σηρῐκός (sērikós, “silken”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French sarge, from Old French sarge, from Vulgar Latin *sarica, from Latin sērica, ultimately from the Ancient Greek σηρῐκός (sērikós, “silken”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "serges",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "serge f (plural serges)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Fabrics",
"orig": "fr:Fabrics",
"parents": [
"Materials",
"Manufacturing",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "Textiles",
"orig": "fr:Textiles",
"parents": [
"Materials",
"Manufacturing",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"twill, serge"
],
"id": "en-serge-fr-noun-nwOcFDw9",
"links": [
[
"textiles",
"textiles"
],
[
"twill",
"twill"
],
[
"serge",
"serge#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(textiles) twill, serge"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "sarge"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"manufacturing",
"textiles"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sɛʁʒ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-serge.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/22/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-serge.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-serge.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/22/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-serge.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-serge.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "serge"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cierge"
},
"expansion": "English: cierge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: cierge"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "serge",
"3": "sarge"
},
"expansion": "Scots: serge, sarge",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Scots: serge, sarge (obsolete)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "cierge"
},
"expansion": "Old French cierge",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "cerge"
},
"expansion": "cerge",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "cirge"
},
"expansion": "cirge",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "cereus",
"t": "waxy"
},
"expansion": "Latin cereus (“waxy”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French cierge, cerge, cirge, from Latin cereus (“waxy”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "serges",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "serge",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "serges"
},
"expansion": "serge (plural serges)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "64 13 10 14",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Light sources",
"orig": "enm:Light sources",
"parents": [
"Light",
"Energy",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Religion",
"orig": "enm:Religion",
"parents": [
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cierge (candle used in ceremony)"
],
"id": "en-serge-enm-noun-VmdJ90a6",
"links": [
[
"cierge",
"cierge#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cerge"
},
{
"word": "serje"
},
{
"word": "sherge"
},
{
"word": "cirge"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɛrdʒ(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsirdʒ(ə)/"
}
],
"word": "serge"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "serge",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "search",
"word": "serche"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of serche (“search”)"
],
"id": "en-serge-enm-noun-Zmp54pYZ",
"links": [
[
"serche",
"serche#Middle_English:_search"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "serge"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "serge",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "cut rock",
"word": "serche"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of serche (“cut rock”)"
],
"id": "en-serge-enm-noun-rechhPsG",
"links": [
[
"serche",
"serche#Middle_English:_cut_rock"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "serge"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "serge",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
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"pos": "verb",
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{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "to search",
"word": "serchen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of serchen (“to search”)"
],
"id": "en-serge-enm-verb-e6xWddCB",
"links": [
[
"serchen",
"serchen#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
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]
}
],
"word": "serge"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
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"English terms borrowed from French",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old Chinese",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English verbs",
"Old Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒ",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒ/1 syllable",
"en:Fabrics",
"en:Light sources",
"enm:Light sources",
"enm:Religion"
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"etymology_number": 1,
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{
"args": {
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"2": "fr",
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},
"expansion": "French serge",
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
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"expansion": "Middle French sarge",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
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},
"expansion": "Old French",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*sarica"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *sarica",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "sērica",
"t": "silken, silk things"
},
"expansion": "Latin sērica (“silken, silk things”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "σηρικός",
"4": "",
"5": "silken"
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σήρ",
"3": "",
"4": "silkworm"
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"expansion": "σήρ (sḗr, “silkworm”)",
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "-ικός",
"3": "",
"4": "-ic"
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"expansion": "-ικός (-ikós, “-ic”)",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "och",
"3": "絲",
"4": "",
"5": "silk",
"tr": "*sə"
},
"expansion": "Old Chinese 絲 (*sə, “silk”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "silk",
"3": "seric"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of silk and seric",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French serge, from Middle French sarge, from Old French, from Vulgar Latin *sarica, from Latin sērica (“silken, silk things”), from Ancient Greek σηρικός (sērikós, “silken”), from σήρ (sḗr, “silkworm”) + -ικός (-ikós, “-ic”), possibly from Old Chinese 絲 (*sə, “silk”). Doublet of silk and seric.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "serges",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "serge (countable and uncountable, plural serges)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "silk serge"
},
{
"word": "denim"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Textiles"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1993, John Banville, Ghosts",
"text": "What I noticed most strongly was his smell, of hair oil and serge and cigarette smoke, and something else, something intimate and sour and wholly, shockingly other.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A type of worsted cloth."
],
"links": [
[
"textiles",
"textiles"
],
[
"worsted",
"worsted"
],
[
"cloth",
"cloth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(textiles) A type of worsted cloth."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"manufacturing",
"textiles"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A garment made of this fabric."
],
"links": [
[
"garment",
"garment"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by metonymy) A garment made of this fabric."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"metonymically",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sɜːd͡ʒ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sɝd͡ʒ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-serge.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-serge.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-serge.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ševiot",
"sense": "type of cloth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шевиот"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "type of cloth",
"word": "嗶嘰"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bìjī",
"sense": "type of cloth",
"word": "哔叽"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "type of cloth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sarga"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "serž",
"sense": "type of cloth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "серж"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "šéviot",
"sense": "type of cloth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ше́виот"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "šájak",
"sense": "type of cloth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ша́јак"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "type of cloth",
"word": "sarja"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "type of cloth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sarja"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sárža",
"sense": "type of cloth",
"word": "са́ржа"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Serge (fabric)"
],
"word": "serge"
}
{
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
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"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old Chinese",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English verbs",
"Old Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒ",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒ/1 syllable",
"en:Fabrics",
"en:Light sources",
"enm:Light sources",
"enm:Religion"
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"expansion": "French serge",
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{
"args": {
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"expansion": "Middle French sarge",
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
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},
"expansion": "Old French",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
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"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *sarica",
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "la",
"3": "sērica",
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},
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "grc",
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},
{
"args": {
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{
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{
"args": {
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"2": "och",
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},
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "silk",
"3": "seric"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of silk and seric",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French serge, from Middle French sarge, from Old French, from Vulgar Latin *sarica, from Latin sērica (“silken, silk things”), from Ancient Greek σηρικός (sērikós, “silken”), from σήρ (sḗr, “silkworm”) + -ικός (-ikós, “-ic”), possibly from Old Chinese 絲 (*sə, “silk”). Doublet of silk and seric.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "serges",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serging",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "serged",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "serged",
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"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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"args": {},
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],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
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{
"categories": [
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],
"glosses": [
"To overlock."
],
"links": [
[
"sewing",
"sewing#Noun"
],
[
"overlock",
"overlock"
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sewing) To overlock."
],
"topics": [
"business",
"manufacturing",
"sewing",
"textiles"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sɜːd͡ʒ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sɝd͡ʒ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒ"
},
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
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],
"word": "serge"
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{
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"English terms derived from French",
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"English terms with audio links",
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"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
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"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒ/1 syllable",
"en:Fabrics",
"en:Light sources",
"enm:Light sources",
"enm:Religion"
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"2": "fr",
"3": "cierge"
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"expansion": "French cierge",
"name": "bor"
}
],
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"form": "serges",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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"args": {},
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"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A large wax candle used in some church ceremonies."
],
"links": [
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"wax",
"wax"
],
[
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"candle"
],
[
"church",
"church"
],
[
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"ceremony"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sɜːd͡ʒ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sɝd͡ʒ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒ"
},
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"tags": [
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],
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],
"word": "serge"
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{
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"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English verbs",
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"enm:Religion"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
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"args": {
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"2": "serge",
"bor": "1"
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"expansion": "→ English: serge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
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}
],
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{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
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{
"args": {
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"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French sarge",
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "frm",
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"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French sarge",
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{
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{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
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"3": "sērica"
},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σηρῐκός",
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"4": "silken"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek σηρῐκός (sērikós, “silken”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French sarge, from Old French sarge, from Vulgar Latin *sarica, from Latin sērica, ultimately from the Ancient Greek σηρῐκός (sērikós, “silken”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "serges",
"tags": [
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]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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],
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{
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"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
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"French terms derived from Middle French",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
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"French terms inherited from Middle French",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with audio links",
"fr:Fabrics",
"fr:Textiles"
],
"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
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"textiles",
"textiles"
],
[
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"twill"
],
[
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]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(textiles) twill, serge"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"manufacturing",
"textiles"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sɛʁʒ/"
},
{
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"text": "Audio"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "sarge"
}
],
"word": "serge"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle English verbs",
"enm:Light sources",
"enm:Religion"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cierge"
},
"expansion": "English: cierge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: cierge"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "serge",
"3": "sarge"
},
"expansion": "Scots: serge, sarge",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Scots: serge, sarge (obsolete)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "cierge"
},
"expansion": "Old French cierge",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "cerge"
},
"expansion": "cerge",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "cirge"
},
"expansion": "cirge",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "cereus",
"t": "waxy"
},
"expansion": "Latin cereus (“waxy”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French cierge, cerge, cirge, from Latin cereus (“waxy”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "serges",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "serge",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "serges"
},
"expansion": "serge (plural serges)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"cierge (candle used in ceremony)"
],
"links": [
[
"cierge",
"cierge#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɛrdʒ(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsirdʒ(ə)/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cerge"
},
{
"word": "serje"
},
{
"word": "sherge"
},
{
"word": "cirge"
}
],
"word": "serge"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English verbs",
"enm:Light sources",
"enm:Religion"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "serge",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "search",
"word": "serche"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of serche (“search”)"
],
"links": [
[
"serche",
"serche#Middle_English:_search"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "serge"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English verbs",
"enm:Light sources",
"enm:Religion"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "serge",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "cut rock",
"word": "serche"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of serche (“cut rock”)"
],
"links": [
[
"serche",
"serche#Middle_English:_cut_rock"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "serge"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English verbs",
"enm:Light sources",
"enm:Religion"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "serge",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "to search",
"word": "serchen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of serchen (“to search”)"
],
"links": [
[
"serchen",
"serchen#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "serge"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.