See serge on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "sarge"
},
"expansion": "Middle English sarge",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "sarge, serge"
},
"expansion": "Old French sarge, serge",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*sarica"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *sarica",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "sērica",
"t": "silken, silk things"
},
"expansion": "Latin sērica (“silken, silk things”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "σηρικός",
"4": "",
"5": "silken"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek σηρικός (sērikós, “silken”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "och",
"3": "絲",
"4": "",
"5": "silk",
"tr": "*sə"
},
"expansion": "Old Chinese 絲 (*sə, “silk”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "silk",
"3": "seric"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of silk and seric",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English sarge, from Old French sarge, serge, from Vulgar Latin *sarica, from Latin sērica (“silken, silk things”), from Ancient Greek σηρικός (sērikós, “silken”), from σήρ (sḗr, “silkworm”) + -ικός (-ikós, “-ic”), possibly from Old Chinese 絲 (*sə, “silk”). Doublet of silk and seric.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "serges",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "serge (countable and uncountable, plural serges)",
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],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "silk serge"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "denim"
}
],
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{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Textiles",
"orig": "en:Textiles",
"parents": [
"Materials",
"Manufacturing",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XIV, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume III, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 110:",
"text": "Lucy, who had only seen her in either the large loose wrapping dress of serge, or in the quaint simplicity of the Puritanic garb, then so general in England, could not restrain an exclamation of admiration as she returned to their chamber.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1993, John Banville, Ghosts:",
"text": "What I noticed most strongly was his smell, of hair oil and serge and cigarette smoke, and something else, something intimate and sour and wholly, shockingly other.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A type of worsted cloth."
],
"id": "en-serge-en-noun-ISLU-cdC",
"links": [
[
"textiles",
"textiles"
],
[
"worsted",
"worsted"
],
[
"cloth",
"cloth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(textiles) A type of worsted cloth."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"manufacturing",
"textiles"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "71 29",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ševiot",
"sense": "type of cloth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шевиот"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 29",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "type of cloth",
"word": "嗶嘰"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 29",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bìjī",
"sense": "type of cloth",
"word": "哔叽"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 29",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "type of cloth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sarga"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 29",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "serž",
"sense": "type of cloth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "серж"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 29",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "šéviot",
"sense": "type of cloth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ше́виот"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 29",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "šájak",
"sense": "type of cloth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ша́јак"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 29",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "type of cloth",
"word": "sarja"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 29",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "type of cloth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sarja"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 29",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sárža",
"sense": "type of cloth",
"word": "са́ржа"
}
]
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{
"_dis": "3 93 4",
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{
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"_dis": "11 74 15",
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{
"_dis": "13 70 16",
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"_dis": "8 79 13",
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{
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"Human activity",
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"Energy",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A garment made of this fabric."
],
"id": "en-serge-en-noun-ByRA01C1",
"links": [
[
"garment",
"garment"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by metonymy) A garment made of this fabric."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"metonymically",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sɜːd͡ʒ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-serge.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-serge.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-serge.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"ipa": "/sɝd͡ʒ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)dʒ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Serge (fabric)"
],
"word": "serge"
}
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"etymology_number": 1,
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"args": {
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"2": "enm",
"3": "sarge"
},
"expansion": "Middle English sarge",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "sarge, serge"
},
"expansion": "Old French sarge, serge",
"name": "der"
},
{
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"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*sarica"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *sarica",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "sērica",
"t": "silken, silk things"
},
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},
{
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"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
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{
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"name": "der"
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"1": "en",
"2": "silk",
"3": "seric"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of silk and seric",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English sarge, from Old French sarge, serge, from Vulgar Latin *sarica, from Latin sērica (“silken, silk things”), from Ancient Greek σηρικός (sērikós, “silken”), from σήρ (sḗr, “silkworm”) + -ικός (-ikós, “-ic”), possibly from Old Chinese 絲 (*sə, “silk”). Doublet of silk and seric.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "serges",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "serging",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "serged",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "serged",
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"past"
]
}
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
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{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Sewing",
"orig": "en:Sewing",
"parents": [
"Crafts",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To overlock."
],
"id": "en-serge-en-verb-EC55Zu5D",
"links": [
[
"sewing",
"sewing#Noun"
],
[
"overlock",
"overlock"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sewing) To overlock."
],
"topics": [
"business",
"manufacturing",
"sewing",
"textiles"
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "/sɜːd͡ʒ/",
"tags": [
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{
"ipa": "/sɝd͡ʒ/",
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
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"3": "ci(e)rge, cerge & chierge"
},
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"name": "der"
}
],
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"form": "serges",
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]
}
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"A large wax candle used in some church ceremonies."
],
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],
[
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[
"church",
"church"
],
[
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"2": "serge",
"bor": "1"
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"expansion": "→ English: serge",
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}
],
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}
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"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
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"3": "sarge",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French sarge",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "sarge"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French sarge",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
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"expansion": "Old French sarge",
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"1": "fr",
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"name": "inh"
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"3": "sērica"
},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σηρῐκός",
"3": "",
"4": "silken"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek σηρῐκός (sērikós, “silken”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French sarge, from Old French sarge, from Vulgar Latin *sarica, from Latin sērica, ultimately from the Ancient Greek σηρῐκός (sērikós, “silken”).",
"forms": [
{
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"tags": [
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}
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},
{
"kind": "topical",
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"Human activity",
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"twill, serge"
],
"id": "en-serge-fr-noun-nwOcFDw9",
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[
"textiles",
"textiles"
],
[
"twill",
"twill"
],
[
"serge",
"serge#English"
]
],
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"(textiles) twill, serge"
],
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{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "sarge"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"manufacturing",
"textiles"
]
}
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"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sɛʁʒ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-serge.wav",
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},
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"name": "desc"
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],
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},
{
"depth": 1,
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{
"args": {
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"2": "serge",
"3": "sarge"
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"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Scots: serge, sarge (obsolete)"
}
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"2": "fro",
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{
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"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "cereus",
"t": "waxy"
},
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"name": "der"
}
],
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]
}
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{
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{
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"links": [
[
"cierge",
"cierge#English"
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"synonyms": [
{
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{
"word": "serje"
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{
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{
"word": "cirge"
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{
"ipa": "/ˈsirdʒ(ə)/"
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],
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}
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{
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"4": "silken"
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],
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],
"word": "serge"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Light sources",
"enm:Religion"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cierge"
},
"expansion": "English: cierge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: cierge"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "serge",
"3": "sarge"
},
"expansion": "Scots: serge, sarge",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Scots: serge, sarge (obsolete)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "cierge"
},
"expansion": "Old French cierge",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "cereus",
"t": "waxy"
},
"expansion": "Latin cereus (“waxy”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French cierge, cerge, cirge, from Latin cereus (“waxy”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "serges",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "serge",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "serges"
},
"expansion": "serge (plural serges)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"cierge (candle used in ceremony)"
],
"links": [
[
"cierge",
"cierge#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɛrdʒ(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsirdʒ(ə)/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cerge"
},
{
"word": "serje"
},
{
"word": "sherge"
},
{
"word": "cirge"
}
],
"word": "serge"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Light sources",
"enm:Religion"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "serge",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "search",
"word": "serche"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of serche (“search”)"
],
"links": [
[
"serche",
"serche#Middle_English:_search"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "serge"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Light sources",
"enm:Religion"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "serge",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "cut rock",
"word": "serche"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of serche (“cut rock”)"
],
"links": [
[
"serche",
"serche#Middle_English:_cut_rock"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "serge"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Light sources",
"enm:Religion"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "serge",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "to search",
"word": "serchen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of serchen (“to search”)"
],
"links": [
[
"serchen",
"serchen#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "serge"
}
Download raw JSONL data for serge meaning in All languages combined (17.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.