See secern on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "secerned"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"word": "secerning"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "secernment"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "swé"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *swé",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*krey-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "la",
"3": "sēcernere"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin sēcernere",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "present",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
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"expansion": "active",
"name": "glossary"
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"expansion": "infinitive",
"name": "glossary"
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"expansion": "prefix",
"name": "glossary"
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{
"args": {
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*krey-",
"t": "to divide, separate, sift"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *krey- (“to divide, separate, sift”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀποκρίνειν"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀποκρίνειν (apokrínein)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *swé\nLearned borrowing from Latin sēcernere, the present active infinitive of sēcernō (“to put apart, divide, separate, sever, sunder; (figuratively) to disjoin, dissociate, part; to discern, distinguish; to exclude, pull aside, set aside, reject”), from sē- (prefix meaning ‘apart; aside; away’) + cernō (“to divide, separate; to distinguish, sift; to perceive, see; to comprehend, discern, regard, understand; to decide”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *krey- (“to divide, separate, sift”)).\nSenses 1.3 and 2.2 (“synonym of secrete”) derive from the use of the Latin word sēcernere to translate Ancient Greek ἀποκρίνειν (apokrínein), the active infinitive participle of ἀποκρίνω (apokrínō, “to set apart, separate; to choose; to reject on inquiry; to answer, reply”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "secerns",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "secerning",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "secerned",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "secerned",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "en-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "secern",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "secern (third-person singular simple present secerns, present participle secerning, simple past and past participle secerned)",
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{
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"2": "literary"
},
"expansion": "(literary)",
"name": "term-label"
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"hyphenation": [
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{
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"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "concern"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "discern"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "secernate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "secernent"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 16 27 12 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 17 17 26 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 17 19 24 20",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "1657, William Morice, “Diatribe. Sect[ion] III.”, in Cœna quasi Κοινη [Koine]: The Common Right to the Lords Supper Asserted in a Diatribe & Defence thereof, […], 2nd edition, London: […] R[obert] Norton for Richard Royston […], published 1660, →OCLC, page 225:",
"text": "'[T]is not ſo much a local and bodily ſecerning our ſelves from evil men that God requires (as the Donatiſts falſely taught) but a ſpiritual ſeparation in mind and affections, and from their ſins, more than from their perſons.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1907 October, Max Beerbohm, “‘A Morris for May-Day’”, in Harper’s Monthly Magazine, volume CXV, number DCLXXXIX, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, →OCLC, page 792, column 2:",
"text": "Often a prize would be awarded to some one dancer who had excelled his fellows. There were, I suppose, \"born\" Morris-dancers. Now and again one of them, flushed with triumph, would secern himself from his troupe, and would \"star\" round the country for his livelihood.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To separate or set apart (someone or something from other persons or things)."
],
"id": "en-secern-en-verb-0A2Ue4eg",
"links": [
[
"separate",
"separate#Verb"
],
[
"set apart",
"set apart"
],
[
"persons",
"person#Noun"
],
[
"thing",
"thing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(archaic) To separate or set apart (someone or something from other persons or things)."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "set apart"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"literary",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 16 27 12 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
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"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "20 17 19 24 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To separate (something from other things) in the mind; to discriminate, to distinguish."
],
"id": "en-secern-en-verb-TiI0lG9Y",
"links": [
[
"mind",
"mind#Noun"
],
[
"discriminate",
"discriminate#Verb"
],
[
"distinguish",
"distinguish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(by extension) To separate (something from other things) in the mind; to discriminate, to distinguish."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "differentiate"
},
{
"word": "discern"
}
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"literary",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Physiology",
"orig": "en:Physiology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"All topics",
"Health",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
],
"source": "w"
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{
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{
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "20 17 19 24 20",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1734, William Stukeley, “Part II”, in Of the Gout; […], London, Dublin: […] Theo. Jones […], published 1735, →OCLC, page 25:",
"text": "[T]he joint-glands themſelves grovv rigid, and ſecern leſs of their proper humour. Hence vvhen the gout falls upon people in years, it proves very ſevere, for vvant of a neceſſary quantity of that oleaginous matter to extinguiſh it.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1794, Erasmus Darwin, “Sect[ion] XXXIV. Diseases of Volition.”, in Zoonomia; or, The Laws of Organic Life, volume I, London: […] J[oseph] Johnson, […], →OCLC, page 435:",
"text": "A friend of mine, vvhen he vvas painfully fatigued by riding on horſeback, vvas accuſtomed to call up ideas into his mind, vvhich uſed to excite his anger or indignation, and thus for a time at leaſt relieved the pain of fatigue. By this temporary inſanity, the effect of the voluntary povver upon the vvhole of his ſyſtem was increaſed; as in the caſes of dropſy above mentioned, it vvould appear, that the increaſed action of the voluntary faculty of the ſenſorium affected the abſorbent ſyſtem, as vvell as the ſecerning one.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of secrete (“to extract or separate (a substance) from the blood, etc., for excretion or for the fulfilling of a physiological function”)"
],
"id": "en-secern-en-verb-0WYWNwdG",
"links": [
[
"physiology",
"physiology"
],
[
"secrete",
"secrete#English"
],
[
"extract",
"extract#Verb"
],
[
"substance",
"substance#Noun"
],
[
"blood",
"blood#Noun"
],
[
"excretion",
"excretion"
],
[
"fulfil",
"fulfil"
],
[
"physiological",
"physiological"
],
[
"function",
"function#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(physiology, archaic) Synonym of secrete (“to extract or separate (a substance) from the blood, etc., for excretion or for the fulfilling of a physiological function”)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "(“to extract or separate (a substance) from the blood, etc., for excretion or for the fulfilling of a physiological function”)",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "secrete"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"literary",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"physiology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 16 27 12 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 15 19 32 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of a person or thing: to become separated from others."
],
"id": "en-secern-en-verb-Bhkp2xjY",
"links": [
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"separated",
"separated#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive)",
"Of a person or thing: to become separated from others."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"literary"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "6 4 3 86 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of a person or thing: to become separated from others",
"word": "erkaantua"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 4 3 86 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of a person or thing: to become separated from others",
"word": "erota"
}
]
},
{
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{
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"langcode": "en",
"name": "Physiology",
"orig": "en:Physiology",
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"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"All topics",
"Health",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "28 16 27 12 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 17 17 26 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 17 19 24 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1631, Francis [Bacon], “VII. Century. [Experiment Solitary Touching Pilosity and Plumage.]”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], 3rd edition, London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC, paragraph 680, page 166:",
"text": "[…] Birds bee commonly better Meat than Beaſts, becauſe their Fleſh doth aſſimilate more finely, and ſecerneth more ſubtilly.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To secrete a substance."
],
"id": "en-secern-en-verb-HccbUAq2",
"links": [
[
"physiology",
"physiology"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive)",
"(physiology, rare) To secrete a substance."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"literary",
"rare"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"physiology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sɪˈsɜːn/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sə-/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-AcpoKrane-secern.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/ff/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-AcpoKrane-secern.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-AcpoKrane-secern.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/ff/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-AcpoKrane-secern.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-AcpoKrane-secern.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/səˈsɝn/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)n"
}
],
"word": "secern"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English learned borrowings from Latin",
"English lemmas",
"English literary terms",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *krey-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *swé",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)n",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)n/2 syllables",
"Terms with Finnish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "secerned"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"word": "secerning"
},
{
"word": "secernment"
}
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"2": "swé"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *swé",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*krey-"
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"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "sēcernere"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin sēcernere",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
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"1": "present"
},
"expansion": "present",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
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"name": "glossary"
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"name": "glossary"
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"name": "glossary"
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{
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"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*krey-",
"t": "to divide, separate, sift"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *krey- (“to divide, separate, sift”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀποκρίνειν"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀποκρίνειν (apokrínein)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *swé\nLearned borrowing from Latin sēcernere, the present active infinitive of sēcernō (“to put apart, divide, separate, sever, sunder; (figuratively) to disjoin, dissociate, part; to discern, distinguish; to exclude, pull aside, set aside, reject”), from sē- (prefix meaning ‘apart; aside; away’) + cernō (“to divide, separate; to distinguish, sift; to perceive, see; to comprehend, discern, regard, understand; to decide”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *krey- (“to divide, separate, sift”)).\nSenses 1.3 and 2.2 (“synonym of secrete”) derive from the use of the Latin word sēcernere to translate Ancient Greek ἀποκρίνειν (apokrínein), the active infinitive participle of ἀποκρίνω (apokrínō, “to set apart, separate; to choose; to reject on inquiry; to answer, reply”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "secerns",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "secerning",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "secerned",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "secerned",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "en-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "secern",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "secern (third-person singular simple present secerns, present participle secerning, simple past and past participle secerned)",
"name": "en-verb"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "literary"
},
"expansion": "(literary)",
"name": "term-label"
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],
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],
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{
"args": {
"old": "1"
},
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "concern"
},
{
"word": "discern"
},
{
"word": "secernate"
},
{
"word": "secernent"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1657, William Morice, “Diatribe. Sect[ion] III.”, in Cœna quasi Κοινη [Koine]: The Common Right to the Lords Supper Asserted in a Diatribe & Defence thereof, […], 2nd edition, London: […] R[obert] Norton for Richard Royston […], published 1660, →OCLC, page 225:",
"text": "'[T]is not ſo much a local and bodily ſecerning our ſelves from evil men that God requires (as the Donatiſts falſely taught) but a ſpiritual ſeparation in mind and affections, and from their ſins, more than from their perſons.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1907 October, Max Beerbohm, “‘A Morris for May-Day’”, in Harper’s Monthly Magazine, volume CXV, number DCLXXXIX, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, →OCLC, page 792, column 2:",
"text": "Often a prize would be awarded to some one dancer who had excelled his fellows. There were, I suppose, \"born\" Morris-dancers. Now and again one of them, flushed with triumph, would secern himself from his troupe, and would \"star\" round the country for his livelihood.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To separate or set apart (someone or something from other persons or things)."
],
"links": [
[
"separate",
"separate#Verb"
],
[
"set apart",
"set apart"
],
[
"persons",
"person#Noun"
],
[
"thing",
"thing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(archaic) To separate or set apart (someone or something from other persons or things)."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "set apart"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"literary",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To separate (something from other things) in the mind; to discriminate, to distinguish."
],
"links": [
[
"mind",
"mind#Noun"
],
[
"discriminate",
"discriminate#Verb"
],
[
"distinguish",
"distinguish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(by extension) To separate (something from other things) in the mind; to discriminate, to distinguish."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "differentiate"
},
{
"word": "discern"
}
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"literary",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Physiology"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1734, William Stukeley, “Part II”, in Of the Gout; […], London, Dublin: […] Theo. Jones […], published 1735, →OCLC, page 25:",
"text": "[T]he joint-glands themſelves grovv rigid, and ſecern leſs of their proper humour. Hence vvhen the gout falls upon people in years, it proves very ſevere, for vvant of a neceſſary quantity of that oleaginous matter to extinguiſh it.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1794, Erasmus Darwin, “Sect[ion] XXXIV. Diseases of Volition.”, in Zoonomia; or, The Laws of Organic Life, volume I, London: […] J[oseph] Johnson, […], →OCLC, page 435:",
"text": "A friend of mine, vvhen he vvas painfully fatigued by riding on horſeback, vvas accuſtomed to call up ideas into his mind, vvhich uſed to excite his anger or indignation, and thus for a time at leaſt relieved the pain of fatigue. By this temporary inſanity, the effect of the voluntary povver upon the vvhole of his ſyſtem was increaſed; as in the caſes of dropſy above mentioned, it vvould appear, that the increaſed action of the voluntary faculty of the ſenſorium affected the abſorbent ſyſtem, as vvell as the ſecerning one.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of secrete (“to extract or separate (a substance) from the blood, etc., for excretion or for the fulfilling of a physiological function”)"
],
"links": [
[
"physiology",
"physiology"
],
[
"secrete",
"secrete#English"
],
[
"extract",
"extract#Verb"
],
[
"substance",
"substance#Noun"
],
[
"blood",
"blood#Noun"
],
[
"excretion",
"excretion"
],
[
"fulfil",
"fulfil"
],
[
"physiological",
"physiological"
],
[
"function",
"function#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(physiology, archaic) Synonym of secrete (“to extract or separate (a substance) from the blood, etc., for excretion or for the fulfilling of a physiological function”)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "(“to extract or separate (a substance) from the blood, etc., for excretion or for the fulfilling of a physiological function”)",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "secrete"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"literary",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"physiology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"Of a person or thing: to become separated from others."
],
"links": [
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"separated",
"separated#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive)",
"Of a person or thing: to become separated from others."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses",
"en:Physiology"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1631, Francis [Bacon], “VII. Century. [Experiment Solitary Touching Pilosity and Plumage.]”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], 3rd edition, London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC, paragraph 680, page 166:",
"text": "[…] Birds bee commonly better Meat than Beaſts, becauſe their Fleſh doth aſſimilate more finely, and ſecerneth more ſubtilly.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To secrete a substance."
],
"links": [
[
"physiology",
"physiology"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive)",
"(physiology, rare) To secrete a substance."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"literary",
"rare"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"physiology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sɪˈsɜːn/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/sə-/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-AcpoKrane-secern.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/ff/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-AcpoKrane-secern.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-AcpoKrane-secern.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/ff/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-AcpoKrane-secern.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-AcpoKrane-secern.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/səˈsɝn/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)n"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of a person or thing: to become separated from others",
"word": "erkaantua"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of a person or thing: to become separated from others",
"word": "erota"
}
],
"word": "secern"
}
Download raw JSONL data for secern meaning in All languages combined (9.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.