See scurvy on Wiktionary
{ "derived": [ { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "button scurvy" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "scurvy-grass" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nl", "2": "scheurbuik" }, "expansion": "Dutch scheurbuik", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "scorbut", "3": "", "4": "scurvy" }, "expansion": "French scorbut (“scurvy”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "non", "3": "skyrbjúgr" }, "expansion": "Old Norse skyrbjúgr", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "is", "2": "skyrbjúgur", "3": "", "4": "scurvy" }, "expansion": "Icelandic skyrbjúgur (“scurvy”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "sv", "2": "skörbjugg", "3": "", "4": "scurvy" }, "expansion": "Swedish skörbjugg (“scurvy”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "Scharbock" }, "expansion": "German Scharbock", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "la-lat", "2": "scorbutus" }, "expansion": "Late Latin scorbutus", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "scurf", "3": "y", "t1": "flakes on the surface of the skin" }, "expansion": "scurf (“flakes on the surface of the skin”) + -y", "name": "suffix" } ], "etymology_text": "Noun usage possibly from the adjective scurvy influenced by or a variant of scurfy. Took on meaning of Dutch scheurbuik, French scorbut (“scurvy”), possibly from Old Norse skyrbjúgr, skyr (“sour milk”) + bjúgr (“swelling, tumour”), from the verb bjúga (“to bend”), whence Icelandic skyrbjúgur (“scurvy”) and Swedish skörbjugg (“scurvy”).\nCompare German Scharbock, Late Latin scorbutus. More at sour, bow.\nOr, equivalent to scurf (“flakes on the surface of the skin”) + -y.", "forms": [ { "form": "scurvies", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "-", "2": "+" }, "expansion": "scurvy (usually uncountable, plural scurvies)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "related": [ { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "-scorbic" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "scorbic" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "ascorbic" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "scorbutic" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "Diseases", "orig": "en:Diseases", "parents": [ "Disease", "Health", "Body", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "32 2 62 4", "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "33 4 61 2", "kind": "other", "name": "English terms suffixed with -y", 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13", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Polish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 10 51 17", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "23 12 52 13", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Romanian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "30 3 65 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Russian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "23 10 51 17", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 10 50 18", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Slovene translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "28 2 69 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Spanish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 11 55 12", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Swedish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 11 54 12", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Tagalog translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 10 51 17", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Tatar translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "23 11 48 18", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Thai translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 11 55 12", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Turkish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "31 3 64 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Welsh translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "2012 March 5, William E. Carter, Merri Sue Carter, “The British Longitude Act Reconsidered”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, page 87:", "text": "Conditions were horrendous aboard most British naval vessels at the time. Scurvy and other diseases ran rampant, killing more seamen each year than all other causes combined, including combat.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "A disease caused by insufficient intake of vitamin C, leading to the formation of livid spots on the skin, spongy gums, loosening of the teeth and bleeding into the skin and from almost all mucous membranes." ], "id": "en-scurvy-en-noun-Axw~93Z1", "links": [ [ "pathology", "pathology" ], [ "disease", "disease" ], [ "vitamin C", "vitamin C" ], [ "livid", "livid" ], [ "mucous", "mucous" ], [ "membranes", "membranes" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(pathology) A disease caused by insufficient intake of vitamin C, leading to the formation of livid spots on the skin, spongy gums, loosening of the teeth and bleeding into the skin and from almost all mucous membranes." ], "synonyms": [ { "_dis1": "99 1", "sense": "vitamin C deficiency disease", "word": "Barlow's disease" }, { "_dis1": "99 1", "sense": "vitamin C deficiency disease", "word": "Cheadle-Möller-Barlow syndrome" }, { "_dis1": "99 1", "sense": "vitamin C deficiency disease", "word": "Cheadle's disease" }, { "_dis1": "99 1", "sense": "vitamin C deficiency disease", "word": "land scurvy" }, { "_dis1": "99 1", "sense": "vitamin C deficiency disease", "word": "Moeller's disease" }, { "_dis1": "99 1", "sense": "vitamin C deficiency disease", "word": "Möller-Barlow disease" }, { "_dis1": "99 1", "sense": "vitamin C deficiency disease", "word": "scorbutus" } ], "tags": [ "uncountable", "usually" ], "topics": [ "medicine", "pathology", "sciences" ], "translations": [ { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔisqarbūṭ", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "إِسْقَرْبُوط" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "lndaxt", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "լնդախտ" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "cʻinga", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "ցինգա" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "zəñge", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "зәңге" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "skorbut", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "скорбут" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "escorbut" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "壞血病" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "huàixuèbìng or huàixiěbìng", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "坏血病" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "kurděje" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "common-gender" ], "word": "skørbug" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "scheurbuik" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "skorbuto" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "keripukki" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "scorbut" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "suravandi", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "სურავანდი" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "sḳorbuṭi", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "სკორბუტი" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "barlous daavadeba", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "ბარლოუს დაავადება" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "Skorbut" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "Scharbock" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "skorvoúto", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "σκορβούτο" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "skarvī", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "स्कर्वी" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "skorbut" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "skyrbjúgur" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "scorbuto" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "alt": "かいけつびょう", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "kaiketsubyō", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "壊血病" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "kk", "lang": "Kazakh", "roman": "qūrqūlaq", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "құрқұлақ" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "kk", "lang": "Kazakh", "roman": "dıñgene", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "діңгене" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "alt": "壞血病", "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "goehyeolbyeong", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "괴혈병" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "scorbutus" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "skórbut", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "ско́рбут" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "skjørbuk" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "skjørbuk" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "iskorbüt", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "اسقوربوت" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "eskorbut", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "singular" ], "word": "اسکربوت" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "fesādoldamm", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "dated", "singular" ], "word": "فسادالدم" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "esqorbut", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "dated", "singular" ], "word": "اسقربوط" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "szkorbut" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "escorbuto" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "scorbut" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "cingá", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "цинга́" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "skórbut", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "ско́рбут" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "sjd", "lang": "Kildin Sami", "roman": "cyŋŋ’k", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "цыӈӈьк" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "Cyrillic", "masculine" ], "word": "ско̀рбут" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "Roman", "masculine" ], "word": "skorbut" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "skorbut" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "escorbuto" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "common-gender" ], "word": "skörbjugg" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "tl", "lang": "Tagalog", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "eskorbuto" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "tt", "lang": "Tatar", "roman": "zäñgelä", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "зәңгелә" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "lák-gà-bpìt-lák-gà-bpə̀ət", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "ลักปิดลักเปิด" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "iskorbüt" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "sgyrfi" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "clefri poeth" }, { "_dis1": "100 0", "code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "llwg" } ] }, { "glosses": [ "A scurvy (adjective) individual" ], "id": "en-scurvy-en-noun-3Y~s21QC", "tags": [ "uncountable", "usually" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈskɝvi/", "tags": [ "General-American" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈskɜːvi/", "tags": [ "Received-Pronunciation" ] }, { "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-scurvy.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/41/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-scurvy.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-scurvy.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/41/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-scurvy.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-scurvy.wav.ogg" }, { "rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)vi" } ], "wikipedia": [ "scurvy" ], "word": "scurvy" } { "derived": [ { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "scurvily" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "scurviness" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nl", "2": "scheurbuik" }, "expansion": "Dutch scheurbuik", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "scorbut", "3": "", "4": "scurvy" }, "expansion": "French scorbut (“scurvy”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "non", "3": "skyrbjúgr" }, "expansion": "Old Norse skyrbjúgr", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "is", "2": "skyrbjúgur", "3": "", "4": "scurvy" }, "expansion": "Icelandic skyrbjúgur (“scurvy”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "sv", "2": "skörbjugg", "3": "", "4": "scurvy" }, "expansion": "Swedish skörbjugg (“scurvy”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "Scharbock" }, "expansion": "German Scharbock", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "la-lat", "2": "scorbutus" }, "expansion": "Late Latin scorbutus", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "scurf", "3": "y", "t1": "flakes on the surface of the skin" }, "expansion": "scurf (“flakes on the surface of the skin”) + -y", "name": "suffix" } ], "etymology_text": "Noun usage possibly from the adjective scurvy influenced by or a variant of scurfy. Took on meaning of Dutch scheurbuik, French scorbut (“scurvy”), possibly from Old Norse skyrbjúgr, skyr (“sour milk”) + bjúgr (“swelling, tumour”), from the verb bjúga (“to bend”), whence Icelandic skyrbjúgur (“scurvy”) and Swedish skörbjugg (“scurvy”).\nCompare German Scharbock, Late Latin scorbutus. More at sour, bow.\nOr, equivalent to scurf (“flakes on the surface of the skin”) + -y.", "forms": [ { "form": "scurvier", "tags": [ "comparative" ] }, { "form": "scurviest", "tags": [ "superlative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "er" }, "expansion": "scurvy (comparative scurvier, superlative scurviest)", "name": "en-adj" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "related": [ { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "morphew" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "46 3 49 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Entries with translation boxes", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Leviticus 21:18-20:", "text": "whatsoever man […] be scurvy or scabbed", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Covered or affected with scurf or scabs; scabby; scurfy; specifically, diseased with the scurvy." ], "id": "en-scurvy-en-adj-f4QhTQlz", "links": [ [ "scabby", "scabby" ], [ "scurfy", "scurfy" ], [ "scurvy", "#Noun" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "_dis1": "99 1", "sense": "affected with scurf or scabs", "word": "roynish" } ] }, { "categories": [], "examples": [ { "text": "a scurvy trick; a scurvy knave", "type": "example" }, { "ref": "1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:", "text": "What a pied ninny's this! Thou scurvy patch!", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1709, [Jonathan Swift], A Project for the Advancement of Religion, and the Reformation of Manners. […], London: […] Benj[amin] Tooke, […], →OCLC, page 29:", "text": "And among other Regulations it would be very convenient to prevent the Exceſs of Drink, with that ſcurvy Cuſtom among the Lads, and Parent of the former Vice, the taking of Tobacco, where it is not abſolutely neceſſary in Point of Health.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Contemptible, despicable, low, disgustingly mean." ], "id": "en-scurvy-en-adj-ZTMpluNv", "links": [ [ "Contemptible", "contemptible" ], [ "despicable", "despicable" ], [ "low", "low" ], [ "disgustingly", "disgustingly" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "_dis1": "17 83", "sense": "contemptible", "word": "miserable" } ], "translations": [ { "_dis1": "1 99", "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "nizǎk", "sense": "Contemptible, despicable, low, disgustingly mean", "word": "низък" }, { "_dis1": "1 99", "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "podǎl", "sense": "Contemptible, despicable, low, disgustingly mean", "word": "подъл" }, { "_dis1": "1 99", "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "Contemptible, despicable, low, disgustingly mean", "word": "ignobile" }, { "_dis1": "1 99", "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "Contemptible, despicable, low, disgustingly mean", "word": "spregevole" }, { "_dis1": "1 99", "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "Contemptible, despicable, low, disgustingly mean", "word": "scorbutico" }, { "_dis1": "1 99", "code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "nízok", "sense": "Contemptible, despicable, low, disgustingly mean", "word": "ни́зок" }, { "_dis1": "1 99", "code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pódmolen", "sense": "Contemptible, despicable, low, disgustingly mean", "word": "по́дмолен" }, { "_dis1": "1 99", "code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pódol", "sense": "Contemptible, despicable, low, disgustingly mean", "word": "по́дол" }, { "_dis1": "1 99", "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "nízkij", "sense": "Contemptible, despicable, low, disgustingly mean", "word": "ни́зкий" }, { "_dis1": "1 99", "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "podlyj", "sense": "Contemptible, despicable, low, disgustingly mean", "word": "подлый" }, { "_dis1": "1 99", "code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "Contemptible, despicable, low, disgustingly mean", "word": "podao" } ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈskɝvi/", "tags": [ "General-American" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈskɜːvi/", "tags": [ "Received-Pronunciation" ] }, { "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-scurvy.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/41/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-scurvy.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-scurvy.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/41/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-scurvy.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-scurvy.wav.ogg" }, { "rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)vi" } ], "synonyms": [ { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "scabrous" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "scabby" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "paltry" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "shabby" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "despicable" } ], "wikipedia": [ "scurvy" ], "word": "scurvy" }
{ "categories": [ "English adjectives", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms suffixed with -y", "English uncountable nouns", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)vi", "Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)vi/2 syllables", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Kildin Sami translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Welsh translations" ], "derived": [ { "word": "button scurvy" }, { "word": "scurvy-grass" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nl", "2": "scheurbuik" }, "expansion": "Dutch scheurbuik", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "scorbut", "3": "", "4": "scurvy" }, "expansion": "French scorbut (“scurvy”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "non", "3": "skyrbjúgr" }, "expansion": "Old Norse skyrbjúgr", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "is", "2": "skyrbjúgur", "3": "", "4": "scurvy" }, "expansion": "Icelandic skyrbjúgur (“scurvy”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "sv", "2": "skörbjugg", "3": "", "4": "scurvy" }, "expansion": "Swedish skörbjugg (“scurvy”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "Scharbock" }, "expansion": "German Scharbock", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "la-lat", "2": "scorbutus" }, "expansion": "Late Latin scorbutus", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "scurf", "3": "y", "t1": "flakes on the surface of the skin" }, "expansion": "scurf (“flakes on the surface of the skin”) + -y", "name": "suffix" } ], "etymology_text": "Noun usage possibly from the adjective scurvy influenced by or a variant of scurfy. Took on meaning of Dutch scheurbuik, French scorbut (“scurvy”), possibly from Old Norse skyrbjúgr, skyr (“sour milk”) + bjúgr (“swelling, tumour”), from the verb bjúga (“to bend”), whence Icelandic skyrbjúgur (“scurvy”) and Swedish skörbjugg (“scurvy”).\nCompare German Scharbock, Late Latin scorbutus. More at sour, bow.\nOr, equivalent to scurf (“flakes on the surface of the skin”) + -y.", "forms": [ { "form": "scurvies", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "-", "2": "+" }, "expansion": "scurvy (usually uncountable, plural scurvies)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "related": [ { "word": "-scorbic" }, { "word": "scorbic" }, { "word": "ascorbic" }, { "word": "scorbutic" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations", "en:Diseases" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "2012 March 5, William E. Carter, Merri Sue Carter, “The British Longitude Act Reconsidered”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, page 87:", "text": "Conditions were horrendous aboard most British naval vessels at the time. Scurvy and other diseases ran rampant, killing more seamen each year than all other causes combined, including combat.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "A disease caused by insufficient intake of vitamin C, leading to the formation of livid spots on the skin, spongy gums, loosening of the teeth and bleeding into the skin and from almost all mucous membranes." ], "links": [ [ "pathology", "pathology" ], [ "disease", "disease" ], [ "vitamin C", "vitamin C" ], [ "livid", "livid" ], [ "mucous", "mucous" ], [ "membranes", "membranes" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(pathology) A disease caused by insufficient intake of vitamin C, leading to the formation of livid spots on the skin, spongy gums, loosening of the teeth and bleeding into the skin and from almost all mucous membranes." ], "tags": [ "uncountable", "usually" ], "topics": [ "medicine", "pathology", "sciences" ] }, { "glosses": [ "A scurvy (adjective) individual" ], "tags": [ "uncountable", "usually" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈskɝvi/", "tags": [ "General-American" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈskɜːvi/", "tags": [ "Received-Pronunciation" ] }, { "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-scurvy.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/41/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-scurvy.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-scurvy.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/41/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-scurvy.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-scurvy.wav.ogg" }, { "rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)vi" } ], "synonyms": [ { "sense": "vitamin C deficiency disease", "word": "Barlow's disease" }, { "sense": "vitamin C deficiency disease", "word": "Cheadle-Möller-Barlow syndrome" }, { "sense": "vitamin C deficiency disease", "word": "Cheadle's disease" }, { "sense": "vitamin C deficiency disease", "word": "land scurvy" }, { "sense": "vitamin C deficiency disease", "word": "Moeller's disease" }, { "sense": "vitamin C deficiency disease", "word": "Möller-Barlow disease" }, { "sense": "vitamin C deficiency disease", "word": "scorbutus" } ], "translations": [ { "code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔisqarbūṭ", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "إِسْقَرْبُوط" }, { "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "lndaxt", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "լնդախտ" }, { "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "cʻinga", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "ցինգա" }, { "code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "zəñge", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "зәңге" }, { "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "skorbut", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "скорбут" }, { "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "escorbut" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "壞血病" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "huàixuèbìng or huàixiěbìng", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "坏血病" }, { "code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "kurděje" }, { "code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "common-gender" ], "word": "skørbug" }, { "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "scheurbuik" }, { "code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "skorbuto" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "keripukki" }, { "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "scorbut" }, { "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "suravandi", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "სურავანდი" }, { "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "sḳorbuṭi", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "სკორბუტი" }, { "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "barlous daavadeba", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "ბარლოუს დაავადება" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "Skorbut" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "Scharbock" }, { "code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "skorvoúto", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "σκορβούτο" }, { "code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "skarvī", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "स्कर्वी" }, { "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "skorbut" }, { "code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "skyrbjúgur" }, { "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "scorbuto" }, { "alt": "かいけつびょう", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "kaiketsubyō", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "壊血病" }, { "code": "kk", "lang": "Kazakh", "roman": "qūrqūlaq", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "құрқұлақ" }, { "code": "kk", "lang": "Kazakh", "roman": "dıñgene", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "діңгене" }, { "alt": "壞血病", "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "goehyeolbyeong", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "괴혈병" }, { "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "scorbutus" }, { "code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "skórbut", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "ско́рбут" }, { "code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "skjørbuk" }, { "code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "skjørbuk" }, { "code": "ota", "lang": "Ottoman Turkish", "roman": "iskorbüt", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "اسقوربوت" }, { "code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "eskorbut", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "singular" ], "word": "اسکربوت" }, { "code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "fesādoldamm", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "dated", "singular" ], "word": "فسادالدم" }, { "code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "esqorbut", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "dated", "singular" ], "word": "اسقربوط" }, { "code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "szkorbut" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "escorbuto" }, { "code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "scorbut" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "cingá", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "цинга́" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "skórbut", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "ско́рбут" }, { "code": "sjd", "lang": "Kildin Sami", "roman": "cyŋŋ’k", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "цыӈӈьк" }, { "code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "Cyrillic", "masculine" ], "word": "ско̀рбут" }, { "code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "Roman", "masculine" ], "word": "skorbut" }, { "code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "skorbut" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "escorbuto" }, { "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "common-gender" ], "word": "skörbjugg" }, { "code": "tl", "lang": "Tagalog", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "eskorbuto" }, { "code": "tt", "lang": "Tatar", "roman": "zäñgelä", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "зәңгелә" }, { "code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "lák-gà-bpìt-lák-gà-bpə̀ət", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "ลักปิดลักเปิด" }, { "code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "word": "iskorbüt" }, { "code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "sgyrfi" }, { "code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "clefri poeth" }, { "code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "deficiency of vitamin C", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "llwg" } ], "wikipedia": [ "scurvy" ], "word": "scurvy" } { "categories": [ "English adjectives", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Old Norse", "English terms suffixed with -y", "English uncountable nouns", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)vi", "Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)vi/2 syllables", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Kildin Sami translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Welsh translations" ], "derived": [ { "word": "scurvily" }, { "word": "scurviness" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "nl", "2": "scheurbuik" }, "expansion": "Dutch scheurbuik", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "scorbut", "3": "", "4": "scurvy" }, "expansion": "French scorbut (“scurvy”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "non", "3": "skyrbjúgr" }, "expansion": "Old Norse skyrbjúgr", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "is", "2": "skyrbjúgur", "3": "", "4": "scurvy" }, "expansion": "Icelandic skyrbjúgur (“scurvy”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "sv", "2": "skörbjugg", "3": "", "4": "scurvy" }, "expansion": "Swedish skörbjugg (“scurvy”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "Scharbock" }, "expansion": "German Scharbock", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "la-lat", "2": "scorbutus" }, "expansion": "Late Latin scorbutus", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "scurf", "3": "y", "t1": "flakes on the surface of the skin" }, "expansion": "scurf (“flakes on the surface of the skin”) + -y", "name": "suffix" } ], "etymology_text": "Noun usage possibly from the adjective scurvy influenced by or a variant of scurfy. Took on meaning of Dutch scheurbuik, French scorbut (“scurvy”), possibly from Old Norse skyrbjúgr, skyr (“sour milk”) + bjúgr (“swelling, tumour”), from the verb bjúga (“to bend”), whence Icelandic skyrbjúgur (“scurvy”) and Swedish skörbjugg (“scurvy”).\nCompare German Scharbock, Late Latin scorbutus. More at sour, bow.\nOr, equivalent to scurf (“flakes on the surface of the skin”) + -y.", "forms": [ { "form": "scurvier", "tags": [ "comparative" ] }, { "form": "scurviest", "tags": [ "superlative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "er" }, "expansion": "scurvy (comparative scurvier, superlative scurviest)", "name": "en-adj" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "related": [ { "word": "morphew" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Leviticus 21:18-20:", "text": "whatsoever man […] be scurvy or scabbed", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Covered or affected with scurf or scabs; scabby; scurfy; specifically, diseased with the scurvy." ], "links": [ [ "scabby", "scabby" ], [ "scurfy", "scurfy" ], [ "scurvy", "#Noun" ] ] }, { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples" ], "examples": [ { "text": "a scurvy trick; a scurvy knave", "type": "example" }, { "ref": "1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:", "text": "What a pied ninny's this! Thou scurvy patch!", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1709, [Jonathan Swift], A Project for the Advancement of Religion, and the Reformation of Manners. […], London: […] Benj[amin] Tooke, […], →OCLC, page 29:", "text": "And among other Regulations it would be very convenient to prevent the Exceſs of Drink, with that ſcurvy Cuſtom among the Lads, and Parent of the former Vice, the taking of Tobacco, where it is not abſolutely neceſſary in Point of Health.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Contemptible, despicable, low, disgustingly mean." ], "links": [ [ "Contemptible", "contemptible" ], [ "despicable", "despicable" ], [ "low", "low" ], [ "disgustingly", "disgustingly" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈskɝvi/", "tags": [ "General-American" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈskɜːvi/", "tags": [ "Received-Pronunciation" ] }, { "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-scurvy.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/41/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-scurvy.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-scurvy.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/41/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-scurvy.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-scurvy.wav.ogg" }, { "rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)vi" } ], "synonyms": [ { "sense": "affected with scurf or scabs", "word": "roynish" }, { "word": "scabrous" }, { "word": "scabby" }, { "sense": "contemptible", "word": "miserable" }, { "word": "paltry" }, { "word": "shabby" }, { "word": "despicable" } ], "translations": [ { "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "nizǎk", "sense": "Contemptible, despicable, low, disgustingly mean", "word": "низък" }, { "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "podǎl", "sense": "Contemptible, despicable, low, disgustingly mean", "word": "подъл" }, { "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "Contemptible, despicable, low, disgustingly mean", "word": "ignobile" }, { "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "Contemptible, despicable, low, disgustingly mean", "word": "spregevole" }, { "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "Contemptible, despicable, low, disgustingly mean", "word": "scorbutico" }, { "code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "nízok", "sense": "Contemptible, despicable, low, disgustingly mean", "word": "ни́зок" }, { "code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pódmolen", "sense": "Contemptible, despicable, low, disgustingly mean", "word": "по́дмолен" }, { "code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "pódol", "sense": "Contemptible, despicable, low, disgustingly mean", "word": "по́дол" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "nízkij", "sense": "Contemptible, despicable, low, disgustingly mean", "word": "ни́зкий" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "podlyj", "sense": "Contemptible, despicable, low, disgustingly mean", "word": "подлый" }, { "code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "Contemptible, despicable, low, disgustingly mean", "word": "podao" } ], "wikipedia": [ "scurvy" ], "word": "scurvy" }
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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