See rufă on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "cu",
"3": "роухо"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic роухо (ruxo)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*ruxo"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *ruxo",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "рухо"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian рухо (ruho)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ruho"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian ruho",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic роухо (ruxo), from Proto-Slavic *ruxo. Compare Bulgarian рухо (ruho), Serbo-Croatian ruho.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rufe",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-f-ă",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rufă",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rufa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rufe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rufele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rufe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rufei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rufelor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rufă",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rufo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rufelor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "rufe"
},
"expansion": "rufă f (plural rufe)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "f",
"gpd": "rufelor",
"gpi": "rufe",
"gsd": "rufei",
"gsi": "rufe",
"n": "",
"npd": "rufele",
"npi": "rufe",
"nsd": "rufa",
"nsi": "rufă",
"vp": "rufelor",
"vs": "rufă",
"vs2": "rufo"
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "haină"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 25 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 27 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 27 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 26 39",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ro",
"name": "Clothing",
"orig": "ro:Clothing",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "96 2 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ro",
"name": "Laundry",
"orig": "ro:Laundry",
"parents": [
"Cleaning",
"Home",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 29 30",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ro",
"name": "Textiles",
"orig": "ro:Textiles",
"parents": [
"Materials",
"Manufacturing",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"laundry (that which needs to be, is, or has been laundered)"
],
"id": "en-rufă-ro-noun-8fB5N3Um",
"links": [
[
"laundry",
"laundry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly in the plural) laundry (that which needs to be, is, or has been laundered)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"in-plural"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 25 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 27 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 27 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 26 39",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ro",
"name": "Clothing",
"orig": "ro:Clothing",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"underwear, undergarments"
],
"id": "en-rufă-ro-noun-Ov1TwS8g",
"links": [
[
"underwear",
"underwear"
],
[
"undergarment",
"undergarment"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lenjerie"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Moldavian Romanian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "37 25 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 27 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 27 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 26 39",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ro",
"name": "Clothing",
"orig": "ro:Clothing",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"rag (piece of old cloth)"
],
"id": "en-rufă-ro-noun-8Kh2ixp4",
"links": [
[
"rag",
"rag"
]
],
"qualifier": "Moldavia (region)",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Moldavia (region)) rag (piece of old cloth)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q7913 (ron)-Andreea Teodoraa-rufă.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-ruf%C4%83.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-ruf%C4%83.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-ruf%C4%83.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-ruf%C4%83.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "rufă"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Romanian countable nouns",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian feminine nouns",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian nouns",
"Romanian terms borrowed from Old Church Slavonic",
"Romanian terms derived from Old Church Slavonic",
"Romanian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"ro:Clothing",
"ro:Laundry",
"ro:Textiles"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "cu",
"3": "роухо"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic роухо (ruxo)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*ruxo"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *ruxo",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "рухо"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian рухо (ruho)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ruho"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian ruho",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic роухо (ruxo), from Proto-Slavic *ruxo. Compare Bulgarian рухо (ruho), Serbo-Croatian ruho.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rufe",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-f-ă",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rufă",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rufa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rufe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rufele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rufe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rufei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rufelor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rufă",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rufo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rufelor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "rufe"
},
"expansion": "rufă f (plural rufe)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "f",
"gpd": "rufelor",
"gpi": "rufe",
"gsd": "rufei",
"gsi": "rufe",
"n": "",
"npd": "rufele",
"npi": "rufe",
"nsd": "rufa",
"nsi": "rufă",
"vp": "rufelor",
"vs": "rufă",
"vs2": "rufo"
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "haină"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"laundry (that which needs to be, is, or has been laundered)"
],
"links": [
[
"laundry",
"laundry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly in the plural) laundry (that which needs to be, is, or has been laundered)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"in-plural"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"underwear, undergarments"
],
"links": [
[
"underwear",
"underwear"
],
[
"undergarment",
"undergarment"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lenjerie"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Moldavian Romanian"
],
"glosses": [
"rag (piece of old cloth)"
],
"links": [
[
"rag",
"rag"
]
],
"qualifier": "Moldavia (region)",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Moldavia (region)) rag (piece of old cloth)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q7913 (ron)-Andreea Teodoraa-rufă.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-ruf%C4%83.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-ruf%C4%83.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-ruf%C4%83.wav/LL-Q7913_%28ron%29-Andreea_Teodoraa-ruf%C4%83.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "rufă"
}
Download raw JSONL data for rufă meaning in All languages combined (3.6kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'genitive-dative'",
"path": [
"rufă"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "rufă",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (7c21d10 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.