See redoubt on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for redoubt meaning in All languages combined (13.6kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "redoute"
},
"expansion": "French redoute",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "ridotta"
},
"expansion": "Italian ridotta",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "reductus",
"4": "",
"5": "refuge"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin reductus (“refuge”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "redūcō",
"4": "",
"5": "I withdraw"
},
"expansion": "Latin redūcō (“I withdraw”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "doubt"
},
"expansion": "doubt",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "French redoute, from Italian ridotta, from Medieval Latin reductus (“refuge”), from Latin redūcō (“I withdraw”), with spelling influenced by doubt.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "redoubts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "redoubt (plural redoubts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A small, temporary, military fortification."
],
"id": "en-redoubt-en-noun-cOT~ihw2",
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"fortification",
"fortification"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "55 44 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "redut",
"sense": "fortification",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "редут"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 44 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "fortification",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "reducte"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 44 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "fortification",
"word": "redoute"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 44 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fortification",
"word": "redutti"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 44 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "fortification",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "redoute"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 44 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "fortification",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Redoute"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 44 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "fortification",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ridotta"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 44 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "fortification",
"word": "pā maioro"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 44 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "fortification",
"word": "rāihe"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 44 1",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "tabya",
"sense": "fortification",
"word": "طابیه"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 44 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "fortification",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reduta"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 44 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fortification",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "reduto"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 44 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "fortification",
"word": "redută"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 44 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "redút",
"sense": "fortification",
"word": "реду́т"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 44 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "fortification",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "reducto"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 44 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "fortification",
"word": "redutt"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 44 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "fortification",
"word": "tabya"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 13 10 20 20 17 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with re-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A reinforced refuge; a fort."
],
"id": "en-redoubt-en-noun-wV-eg1bw",
"links": [
[
"reinforced",
"reinforced"
],
[
"refuge",
"refuge"
],
[
"fort",
"fort"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 13 10 20 20 17 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with re-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "2014, Paul Salopek, Blessed. Cursed. Claimed., National Geographic (December 2014)https://web.archive.org/web/20150212214621/http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2014/12/pilgrim-roads/salopek-text\nTo the south, the vast geometrical deserts of Arabian nomads, a redoubt of feral movement, of fickle winds, of open space, of saddle leather—home to the wild Bedouin tribes."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A place of safety or refuge."
],
"id": "en-redoubt-en-noun-6E91~Lz0",
"links": [
[
"safety",
"safety"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹɪˈdaʊt/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹəˈdʌʊt/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹəˈdəʊt/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊt"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "redout"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"redoubt"
],
"word": "redoubt"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "redoute"
},
"expansion": "French redoute",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "ridotta"
},
"expansion": "Italian ridotta",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "reductus",
"4": "",
"5": "refuge"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin reductus (“refuge”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "redūcō",
"4": "",
"5": "I withdraw"
},
"expansion": "Latin redūcō (“I withdraw”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "doubt"
},
"expansion": "doubt",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "French redoute, from Italian ridotta, from Medieval Latin reductus (“refuge”), from Latin redūcō (“I withdraw”), with spelling influenced by doubt.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "redoubts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "redoubting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "redoubted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "redoubted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "redoubt (third-person singular simple present redoubts, present participle redoubting, simple past and past participle redoubted)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 4 3 6 67 7 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 13 10 20 20 17 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with re-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1769, John Knox, An Historical Journal Of The Campaigns in North-America, page 72",
"text": "By the time that our troops had taken a little refreshment, a quantity of intrenching tools were brought a-shore, and the regiments were employed in redoubting our ground, and landing some cannon and ammunition.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1815, William Smith, History of Canada: From Its First Discovery, to the Year 1791, page 35",
"text": "I have been employed from the day of action to that of the capitulation, in redoubting our Camp beyond insult",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1976, Canadian Historic Sites; Occasional Papers in Archaeology and History: Lieux Historiques Canadiens; Cahiers D'archéologie Et D'histoire",
"text": "The Commanding Royal Engineer in Canada again brought forward the earlier plan for redoubting the Quebec towers.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To fortify, to make into a stronghold."
],
"id": "en-redoubt-en-verb-2G2BVYZB",
"links": [
[
"fortify",
"fortify"
],
[
"stronghold",
"stronghold"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To fortify, to make into a stronghold."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹɪˈdaʊt/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹəˈdʌʊt/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹəˈdəʊt/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊt"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "redout"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"redoubt"
],
"word": "redoubt"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "redouter"
},
"expansion": "Old French redouter",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "dubitare",
"4": "dubitāre",
"5": "doubt"
},
"expansion": "Latin dubitāre (“doubt”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "re-"
},
"expansion": "re-",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French redouter, from Latin dubitāre (“doubt”) prefixed with re-. The b was later added back in this word, and the related doubt and redoubtable, to reflect their Latin source.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "redoubts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "redoubting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "redoubted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "redoubted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "redoubt (third-person singular simple present redoubts, present participle redoubting, simple past and past participle redoubted)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 13 10 20 20 17 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with re-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "redoubtable"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To dread."
],
"id": "en-redoubt-en-verb-yMxDJ3QC",
"links": [
[
"dread",
"dread"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) To dread."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹɪˈdaʊt/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹəˈdəʊt/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊt"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "redout"
}
],
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"redoubt"
],
"word": "redoubt"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "re",
"3": "doubt"
},
"expansion": "re- + doubt",
"name": "prefix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "re- + doubt",
"forms": [
{
"form": "redoubts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "redoubting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "redoubted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "redoubted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "redoubt (third-person singular simple present redoubts, present participle redoubting, simple past and past participle redoubted)",
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}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 13 10 20 20 17 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with re-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1601, R. Broughton, An apologicall epistle, page 20",
"text": "Neither any of ſo many hundreds of expleaded, or nowe raigning hereſies, or any that ſhall ariſe hereafter, nor the Religion of Martine Luther so often profeſſed, and both priuately and publickly recanted, altered, changed, doubted, and redoubted by himſelfe, as his owne works and all proteſtants doe witneſſe...",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1860, George Augustus Sala, Looking at Life: Or, Thoughts and Things",
"text": "Herr Fessler, in the true spirit of a metaphysical Zittémteur, has taken the subject up in the most orthodox style of Fog; descanting, and doubting, and redoubting, until the Fog becomes positively impervious",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1951, Sam Hood, “Cigaret Dealers See Red (Stamps)”, in Pittsburgh Press",
"text": "\"At first we didn't think it was Annabelle. We doubted and redoubted it. But we're almost certain it was now, although there is a difference in her voice.\"",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To doubt again."
],
"id": "en-redoubt-en-verb-OM5m4cgP",
"links": [
[
"doubt",
"doubt"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To doubt again."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌɹiːˈdaʊt/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌɹiˈdəʊt/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊt"
},
{
"homophone": "read out"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "redout"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "re-doubt"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"redoubt"
],
"word": "redoubt"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "re",
"3": "doubt"
},
"expansion": "re- + doubt",
"name": "prefix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "re- + doubt",
"forms": [
{
"form": "redoubts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "redoubt (plural redoubts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 13 10 20 20 17 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with re-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1963, Clarence J. Crossland, The lady balances her scales",
"text": "Undeterred by humble beginning, undaunted by frustrations imposed by others of lesser stature, undismayed by the doubts and redoubts of personal, political and elemental forces, he persevered, he pursued and he prevailed",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1977, Saul Finkel, The circular seesaw",
"text": "My stock is a 3-1 bet to split by then, providing I have the guts to stonewall the supreme court of last resort, Key Biscayne, with my claim to gutlessly (i.e., physically unreally) surrounding the citadel with a mote in the beam of the Don, my brother's eye, a doubt and redoubt in the possibility of man's redemption.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Yoram Lubling, The Person Vanishes: John Dewey's Philosophy of Experience and the Self, Peter Lang Pub Incorporated",
"text": "[The] basic characterization of geography of which we are part of, is an implication of postmodemism that cannot be accepted by anyone who prefers the press of ordinary life to the narrow academic games of doubt and redoubt.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The return of doubt."
],
"id": "en-redoubt-en-noun-P8gQOGUW",
"links": [
[
"doubt",
"doubt"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) The return of doubt."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌɹiːˈdaʊt/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌɹiˈdəʊt/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊt"
},
{
"homophone": "read out"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "redout"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "re-doubt"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"redoubt"
],
"word": "redoubt"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English 3-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from French",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Italian",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms prefixed with re-",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/aʊt",
"Rhymes:English/aʊt/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "redoute"
},
"expansion": "French redoute",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "ridotta"
},
"expansion": "Italian ridotta",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "reductus",
"4": "",
"5": "refuge"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin reductus (“refuge”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "redūcō",
"4": "",
"5": "I withdraw"
},
"expansion": "Latin redūcō (“I withdraw”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "doubt"
},
"expansion": "doubt",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "French redoute, from Italian ridotta, from Medieval Latin reductus (“refuge”), from Latin redūcō (“I withdraw”), with spelling influenced by doubt.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "redoubts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "redoubt (plural redoubts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A small, temporary, military fortification."
],
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"fortification",
"fortification"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A reinforced refuge; a fort."
],
"links": [
[
"reinforced",
"reinforced"
],
[
"refuge",
"refuge"
],
[
"fort",
"fort"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "2014, Paul Salopek, Blessed. Cursed. Claimed., National Geographic (December 2014)https://web.archive.org/web/20150212214621/http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2014/12/pilgrim-roads/salopek-text\nTo the south, the vast geometrical deserts of Arabian nomads, a redoubt of feral movement, of fickle winds, of open space, of saddle leather—home to the wild Bedouin tribes."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A place of safety or refuge."
],
"links": [
[
"safety",
"safety"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹɪˈdaʊt/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹəˈdʌʊt/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹəˈdəʊt/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊt"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "redout"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "redut",
"sense": "fortification",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "редут"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "fortification",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "reducte"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "fortification",
"word": "redoute"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fortification",
"word": "redutti"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "fortification",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "redoute"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "fortification",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Redoute"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "fortification",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ridotta"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "fortification",
"word": "pā maioro"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "fortification",
"word": "rāihe"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "tabya",
"sense": "fortification",
"word": "طابیه"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "fortification",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reduta"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fortification",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "reduto"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "fortification",
"word": "redută"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "redút",
"sense": "fortification",
"word": "реду́т"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "fortification",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "reducto"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "fortification",
"word": "redutt"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "fortification",
"word": "tabya"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"redoubt"
],
"word": "redoubt"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English 3-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from French",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Italian",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms prefixed with re-",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/aʊt",
"Rhymes:English/aʊt/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "redoute"
},
"expansion": "French redoute",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "ridotta"
},
"expansion": "Italian ridotta",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "reductus",
"4": "",
"5": "refuge"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin reductus (“refuge”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "redūcō",
"4": "",
"5": "I withdraw"
},
"expansion": "Latin redūcō (“I withdraw”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "doubt"
},
"expansion": "doubt",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "French redoute, from Italian ridotta, from Medieval Latin reductus (“refuge”), from Latin redūcō (“I withdraw”), with spelling influenced by doubt.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "redoubts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "redoubting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "redoubted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "redoubted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "redoubt (third-person singular simple present redoubts, present participle redoubting, simple past and past participle redoubted)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1769, John Knox, An Historical Journal Of The Campaigns in North-America, page 72",
"text": "By the time that our troops had taken a little refreshment, a quantity of intrenching tools were brought a-shore, and the regiments were employed in redoubting our ground, and landing some cannon and ammunition.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1815, William Smith, History of Canada: From Its First Discovery, to the Year 1791, page 35",
"text": "I have been employed from the day of action to that of the capitulation, in redoubting our Camp beyond insult",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1976, Canadian Historic Sites; Occasional Papers in Archaeology and History: Lieux Historiques Canadiens; Cahiers D'archéologie Et D'histoire",
"text": "The Commanding Royal Engineer in Canada again brought forward the earlier plan for redoubting the Quebec towers.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To fortify, to make into a stronghold."
],
"links": [
[
"fortify",
"fortify"
],
[
"stronghold",
"stronghold"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To fortify, to make into a stronghold."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹɪˈdaʊt/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹəˈdʌʊt/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹəˈdəʊt/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊt"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "redout"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"redoubt"
],
"word": "redoubt"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms prefixed with re-",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with homophones",
"English undefined derivations",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/aʊt",
"Rhymes:English/aʊt/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "redoubtable"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "redouter"
},
"expansion": "Old French redouter",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "dubitare",
"4": "dubitāre",
"5": "doubt"
},
"expansion": "Latin dubitāre (“doubt”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "re-"
},
"expansion": "re-",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French redouter, from Latin dubitāre (“doubt”) prefixed with re-. The b was later added back in this word, and the related doubt and redoubtable, to reflect their Latin source.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "redoubts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "redoubting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "redoubted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "redoubted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "redoubt (third-person singular simple present redoubts, present participle redoubting, simple past and past participle redoubted)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To dread."
],
"links": [
[
"dread",
"dread"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) To dread."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹɪˈdaʊt/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹəˈdəʊt/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊt"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "redout"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"redoubt"
],
"word": "redoubt"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms prefixed with re-",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/aʊt",
"Rhymes:English/aʊt/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "re",
"3": "doubt"
},
"expansion": "re- + doubt",
"name": "prefix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "re- + doubt",
"forms": [
{
"form": "redoubts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "redoubting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "redoubted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "redoubted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "redoubt (third-person singular simple present redoubts, present participle redoubting, simple past and past participle redoubted)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1601, R. Broughton, An apologicall epistle, page 20",
"text": "Neither any of ſo many hundreds of expleaded, or nowe raigning hereſies, or any that ſhall ariſe hereafter, nor the Religion of Martine Luther so often profeſſed, and both priuately and publickly recanted, altered, changed, doubted, and redoubted by himſelfe, as his owne works and all proteſtants doe witneſſe...",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1860, George Augustus Sala, Looking at Life: Or, Thoughts and Things",
"text": "Herr Fessler, in the true spirit of a metaphysical Zittémteur, has taken the subject up in the most orthodox style of Fog; descanting, and doubting, and redoubting, until the Fog becomes positively impervious",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1951, Sam Hood, “Cigaret Dealers See Red (Stamps)”, in Pittsburgh Press",
"text": "\"At first we didn't think it was Annabelle. We doubted and redoubted it. But we're almost certain it was now, although there is a difference in her voice.\"",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To doubt again."
],
"links": [
[
"doubt",
"doubt"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To doubt again."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌɹiːˈdaʊt/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌɹiˈdəʊt/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊt"
},
{
"homophone": "read out"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "re-doubt"
},
{
"word": "redout"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"redoubt"
],
"word": "redoubt"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms prefixed with re-",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/aʊt",
"Rhymes:English/aʊt/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "re",
"3": "doubt"
},
"expansion": "re- + doubt",
"name": "prefix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "re- + doubt",
"forms": [
{
"form": "redoubts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "redoubt (plural redoubts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1963, Clarence J. Crossland, The lady balances her scales",
"text": "Undeterred by humble beginning, undaunted by frustrations imposed by others of lesser stature, undismayed by the doubts and redoubts of personal, political and elemental forces, he persevered, he pursued and he prevailed",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1977, Saul Finkel, The circular seesaw",
"text": "My stock is a 3-1 bet to split by then, providing I have the guts to stonewall the supreme court of last resort, Key Biscayne, with my claim to gutlessly (i.e., physically unreally) surrounding the citadel with a mote in the beam of the Don, my brother's eye, a doubt and redoubt in the possibility of man's redemption.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Yoram Lubling, The Person Vanishes: John Dewey's Philosophy of Experience and the Self, Peter Lang Pub Incorporated",
"text": "[The] basic characterization of geography of which we are part of, is an implication of postmodemism that cannot be accepted by anyone who prefers the press of ordinary life to the narrow academic games of doubt and redoubt.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The return of doubt."
],
"links": [
[
"doubt",
"doubt"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) The return of doubt."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌɹiːˈdaʊt/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌɹiˈdəʊt/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊt"
},
{
"homophone": "read out"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "re-doubt"
},
{
"word": "redout"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"redoubt"
],
"word": "redoubt"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.