See przeciwko on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "przeciwko"
},
"expansion": "Polish: przeciwko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: przeciwko"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "przeciwko"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: przeciwko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: przeciwko"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "przeciw",
"3": "ku"
},
"expansion": "Univerbation of przeciw + ku",
"name": "univ"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "beginning of the 15th century"
},
"expansion": "the beginning of the 15th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "beginning of the 15th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the beginning of the 15th century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Univerbation of przeciw + ku, under influence of -ko. First attested in the beginning of the 15th century.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "przeciwko",
"name": "head"
}
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "dat"
},
"expansion": "[with dative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"dative"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Num”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 14, 9:",
"text": "Nye szemrzicze przecziwko panv (contra dominum)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"against (in opposition to)"
],
"id": "en-przeciwko-zlw-opl-prep-Y6GWtNAi",
"links": [
[
"against",
"against"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Deut”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 25, 18:",
"text": "Wspominayø, czso tobye gest vczinil Amalech na drodze potkaw czø, gdizesz viszedl z Egipta: kako gest sedl przecziwko tobye (quomodo occurrerit tibi)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Jos”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 3, 17:",
"text": "Lvd sedl przecziwko Iordanovi (contra Iericho)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"towards, to meet with"
],
"id": "en-przeciwko-zlw-opl-prep-059FxyVZ",
"links": [
[
"towards",
"towards"
],
[
"meet",
"meet"
],
[
"with",
"with"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Lev”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 19, 32:",
"text": "Przecziwko szadim glowam (coram cano capite) powstany a poczczi twarz starego",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"opposite; on the other side of; straight of, in front of"
],
"id": "en-przeciwko-zlw-opl-prep-jRgqHKUw",
"links": [
[
"opposite",
"opposite"
],
[
"on the other side of",
"on the other side of"
],
[
"straight of",
"straight of"
],
[
"in front of",
"in front of"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms with uncertain meaning",
"parents": [
"Terms with uncertain meaning",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include"
],
"id": "en-przeciwko-zlw-opl-prep-~Mwf1bvk",
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms with uncertain meaning",
"parents": [
"Terms with uncertain meaning",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 6 6 7 40 3 3 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 5 5 8 41 3 3 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 5 4 7 45 2 2 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish univerbations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 2 1 2 9 1 1 9 4 4 3 3 0 0 3 5 3 4 8 8 4 10 2 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 0 2 9 0 0 10 4 4 3 3 0 0 3 5 3 3 9 8 4 11 3 10 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1960 [1403], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty pyzdrskie, volume II, number 219, Pyzdry:",
"text": "Iacosm ya s Boguslavem zamenil przecziwco karczme y sadovi nivø w Døbrowe",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:",
"in exchange for"
],
"id": "en-przeciwko-zlw-opl-prep-A-RSP6cw",
"links": [
[
"in exchange for",
"in exchange for"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:",
"in exchange for"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1873, Zygmunt Gloger, editor, Ułamek starożytnego kazania o małżeństwie:",
"text": "Kto czistotø mylvie, ten sie trzyma kv wszelkeey nyeczistoczee iako owcza przeczywko wilkowi",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in relation to, with regard to"
],
"id": "en-przeciwko-zlw-opl-prep-Rqr1GIUh",
"links": [
[
"in relation to",
"in relation to"
],
[
"with regard to",
"with regard to"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1960 [1411], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty pyzdrskie, volume II, number 323, Pyzdry:",
"text": "Nicolaus... gest odbil røcoym tich..., czsosz bili nan zalowali przeciwko Niczwoytowi de Wyasdu",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"for, on behalf of, in favor of"
],
"id": "en-przeciwko-zlw-opl-prep-Evt8EpGu",
"links": [
[
"for",
"for"
],
[
"on behalf of",
"on behalf of"
],
[
"in favor of",
"in favor of"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) for, on behalf of, in favor of"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 2 1 2 9 1 1 9 4 4 3 3 0 0 3 5 3 4 8 8 4 10 2 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 0 2 9 0 0 10 4 4 3 3 0 0 3 5 3 3 9 8 4 11 3 10 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 104:",
"text": "Pakilibi zaprawdą wlodica pospolythi byl, polowycząn przeczywko slyachczyczewi (medietatem respectu nobilis) za... rani... vesmye",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in comparison to"
],
"id": "en-przeciwko-zlw-opl-prep-cQpkux9z",
"links": [
[
"in comparison to",
"in comparison to"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Masovia",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Masovia) in comparison to"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pr̝ɛt͡ɕifkɔ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/pr̝ɛt͡ɕifkɔ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "przeciwko"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "przeciwko",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish przeciwko",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "przeciwko"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish przeciwko",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+univ",
"2": "pl",
"3": "przeciw",
"4": "ku"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, univerbation of przeciw + ku",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish przeciwko. By surface analysis, univerbation of przeciw + ku.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "przeciwko",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"prze‧ciw‧ko"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "dat"
},
"expansion": "[with dative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"dative"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"against (in opposition to)"
],
"id": "en-przeciwko-pl-prep-Y6GWtNAi",
"links": [
[
"against",
"against"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "przeciw"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"against (in conflict with)"
],
"id": "en-przeciwko-pl-prep-DPgb8pSx",
"links": [
[
"against",
"against"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "przeciw"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"against ((located) opposite to)"
],
"id": "en-przeciwko-pl-prep-jDj1Aab0",
"links": [
[
"against",
"against"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "przeciw"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 7 7 4 4 4 9 5 8 5 7 5 4 2 7 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"towards, to meet with"
],
"id": "en-przeciwko-pl-prep-059FxyVZ",
"links": [
[
"towards",
"towards"
],
[
"meet",
"meet"
],
[
"with",
"with"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) towards, to meet with"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"with relation to"
],
"id": "en-przeciwko-pl-prep-ScKpDbq2",
"links": [
[
"with relation to",
"with relation to"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) with relation to"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "wobec"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 7 7 4 4 4 9 5 8 5 7 5 4 2 7 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"denotes recipient of an oral message; to"
],
"id": "en-przeciwko-pl-prep-Xj8Lf0lW",
"links": [
[
"to",
"to"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) denotes recipient of an oral message; to"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "do"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 2 1 2 9 1 1 9 4 4 3 3 0 0 3 5 3 4 8 8 4 10 2 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 0 2 9 0 0 10 4 4 3 3 0 0 3 5 3 3 9 8 4 11 3 10 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 6 5 5 1 0 4 6 4 5 11 10 5 13 3 12 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 5 5 0 1 3 7 4 6 10 9 5 12 3 10 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish univerbations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in the way of"
],
"id": "en-przeciwko-pl-prep-M4SfA6Y6",
"links": [
[
"in the way of",
"in the way of"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) in the way of"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "na przeszkodzie"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 6 5 5 1 0 4 6 4 5 11 10 5 13 3 12 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 7 7 4 4 4 9 5 8 5 7 5 4 2 7 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"against (in comparison to)"
],
"id": "en-przeciwko-pl-prep-dQtyBTB3",
"links": [
[
"against",
"against"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) against (in comparison to)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "w porównaniu z"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"proportionally to"
],
"id": "en-przeciwko-pl-prep-LDbc5ZhI",
"links": [
[
"proportionally",
"proportionally"
],
[
"to",
"to"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) proportionally to"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 2 1 2 9 1 1 9 4 4 3 3 0 0 3 5 3 4 8 8 4 10 2 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 0 2 9 0 0 10 4 4 3 3 0 0 3 5 3 3 9 8 4 11 3 10 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 6 5 5 1 0 4 6 4 5 11 10 5 13 3 12 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 5 5 0 1 3 7 4 6 10 9 5 12 3 10 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish univerbations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in contrast to"
],
"id": "en-przeciwko-pl-prep-RiobtSCh",
"links": [
[
"in contrast to",
"in contrast to"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) in contrast to"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "w przeciwieństwie do"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"for (to the benefit of)"
],
"id": "en-przeciwko-pl-prep-tWSBTJk7",
"links": [
[
"for",
"for"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) for (to the benefit of)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dla"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 2 1 2 9 1 1 9 4 4 3 3 0 0 3 5 3 4 8 8 4 10 2 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 0 2 9 0 0 10 4 4 3 3 0 0 3 5 3 3 9 8 4 11 3 10 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 6 5 5 1 0 4 6 4 5 11 10 5 13 3 12 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 5 5 0 1 3 7 4 6 10 9 5 12 3 10 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish univerbations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in exchange for"
],
"id": "en-przeciwko-pl-prep-dbRjowuT",
"links": [
[
"in exchange for",
"in exchange for"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) in exchange for"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "w zamian"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms with uncertain meaning",
"parents": [
"Terms with uncertain meaning",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1564, J. Mączyński, Lexicon, page 3c:",
"text": "Adversus et adversum praepositio. Przećiwko.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1564, J. Mączyński, Lexicon, page 64a:",
"text": "Contra, Praepositio accusativo casui serviens, Przećywko/ Náprzećyw.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1579, A. Calagius, Synonyma Latina, page 222a:",
"text": "Gegen vber. Przećiwko. Contra. E regione. Per adversum. Fronte sub adversa.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"against; Further details are uncertain."
],
"id": "en-przeciwko-pl-prep-8HKIiDrw",
"links": [
[
"against",
"against"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) against; Further details are uncertain."
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pʂɛˈt͡ɕif.kɔ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pr̝ɛˈt͡ɕif.kɔ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pʂɛˈt͡ɕif.kɔ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ifkɔ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pl:Ida Kurcz"
],
"word": "przeciwko"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
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"5": "",
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"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
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},
"expansion": "Old Polish przeciwko",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "pl",
"3": "przeciw",
"4": "ku"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, univerbation of przeciw + ku",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish przeciwko. By surface analysis, univerbation of przeciw + ku.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "przeciwko (not comparable)",
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"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"on the other side"
],
"id": "en-przeciwko-pl-adv-y4C1kDSa",
"links": [
[
"on the other side",
"on the other side of"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) on the other side"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "naprzeciwko"
}
],
"tags": [
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"Polish",
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w"
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{
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"name": "Polish prepositions",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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],
"glosses": [
"to the other side"
],
"id": "en-przeciwko-pl-adv-SrB1ah1J",
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[
"to",
"to"
],
[
"other",
"other"
],
[
"side",
"side"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) to the other side"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
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"name": "Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [
"Terms with uncertain meaning",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1564, J. Mączyński, Lexicon, page 349d:",
"text": "E regione tanquam adverbium ponitur in oratione, Ná przećiwko/ Przećiwko.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1588, A. Calepinus, Dictionarium decem linguarum, page 380b:",
"text": "Exadversum, Ex opposito, eregione. – Przecziwko.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain."
],
"id": "en-przeciwko-pl-adv-xvbE2kAR",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) The meaning of this term is uncertain."
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms with uncertain meaning",
"parents": [
"Terms with uncertain meaning",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1588, A. Calepinus, Dictionarium decem linguarum, page 253b:",
"text": "Contra – Przecziwko, na przecziw.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1588, A. Calepinus, Dictionarium decem linguarum, page 371a:",
"text": "Erga – Przecziwko.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1588, A. Calepinus, Dictionarium decem linguarum, page 1115a:",
"text": "Versus – Przecziwko.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain."
],
"id": "en-przeciwko-pl-adv-xvbE2kAR1",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) The meaning of this term is uncertain."
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pʂɛˈt͡ɕif.kɔ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pr̝ɛˈt͡ɕif.kɔ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pʂɛˈt͡ɕif.kɔ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ifkɔ"
}
],
"word": "przeciwko"
}
{
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},
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"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
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},
{
"args": {
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"3": "przeciwko"
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},
{
"args": {
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"3": "przeciw",
"4": "ku"
},
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"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish przeciwko. By surface analysis, univerbation of przeciw + ku.",
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{
"args": {
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"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "przeciwko",
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],
"info_templates": [
{
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},
"expansion": "[with dative]",
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"tags": [
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},
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}
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{
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{
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"kind": "other",
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"source": "w"
},
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"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
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},
{
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"name": "Silesian prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Silesian univerbations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2016, Waldemar Szymczyk, editor, Bydzie lepij, →ISBN, archived from the original on 2022-11-12, page 70:",
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"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"against (in opposition to)"
],
"id": "en-przeciwko-szl-prep-Y6GWtNAi",
"links": [
[
"against",
"against"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "prociw"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pʂɛˈt͡ɕif.kɔ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ifkɔ"
}
],
"word": "przeciwko"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish prepositions",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Polish univerbations",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "przeciwko"
},
"expansion": "Polish: przeciwko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: przeciwko"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "przeciwko"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: przeciwko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
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}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "przeciw",
"3": "ku"
},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "beginning of the 15th century"
},
"expansion": "the beginning of the 15th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "beginning of the 15th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the beginning of the 15th century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Univerbation of przeciw + ku, under influence of -ko. First attested in the beginning of the 15th century.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "przeciwko",
"name": "head"
}
],
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{
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"2": "dat"
},
"expansion": "[with dative]",
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"tags": [
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},
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}
],
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"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Num”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 14, 9:",
"text": "Nye szemrzicze przecziwko panv (contra dominum)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"against (in opposition to)"
],
"links": [
[
"against",
"against"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Deut”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 25, 18:",
"text": "Wspominayø, czso tobye gest vczinil Amalech na drodze potkaw czø, gdizesz viszedl z Egipta: kako gest sedl przecziwko tobye (quomodo occurrerit tibi)",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Jos”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 3, 17:",
"text": "Lvd sedl przecziwko Iordanovi (contra Iericho)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"towards, to meet with"
],
"links": [
[
"towards",
"towards"
],
[
"meet",
"meet"
],
[
"with",
"with"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Lev”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 19, 32:",
"text": "Przecziwko szadim glowam (coram cano capite) powstany a poczczi twarz starego",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"opposite; on the other side of; straight of, in front of"
],
"links": [
[
"opposite",
"opposite"
],
[
"on the other side of",
"on the other side of"
],
[
"straight of",
"straight of"
],
[
"in front of",
"in front of"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish terms with uncertain meaning"
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include"
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Old Polish terms with uncertain meaning"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1960 [1403], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty pyzdrskie, volume II, number 219, Pyzdry:",
"text": "Iacosm ya s Boguslavem zamenil przecziwco karczme y sadovi nivø w Døbrowe",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:",
"in exchange for"
],
"links": [
[
"in exchange for",
"in exchange for"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:",
"in exchange for"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1873, Zygmunt Gloger, editor, Ułamek starożytnego kazania o małżeństwie:",
"text": "Kto czistotø mylvie, ten sie trzyma kv wszelkeey nyeczistoczee iako owcza przeczywko wilkowi",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in relation to, with regard to"
],
"links": [
[
"in relation to",
"in relation to"
],
[
"with regard to",
"with regard to"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1960 [1411], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty pyzdrskie, volume II, number 323, Pyzdry:",
"text": "Nicolaus... gest odbil røcoym tich..., czsosz bili nan zalowali przeciwko Niczwoytowi de Wyasdu",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"for, on behalf of, in favor of"
],
"links": [
[
"for",
"for"
],
[
"on behalf of",
"on behalf of"
],
[
"in favor of",
"in favor of"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) for, on behalf of, in favor of"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 104:",
"text": "Pakilibi zaprawdą wlodica pospolythi byl, polowycząn przeczywko slyachczyczewi (medietatem respectu nobilis) za... rani... vesmye",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in comparison to"
],
"links": [
[
"in comparison to",
"in comparison to"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Masovia",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Masovia) in comparison to"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pr̝ɛt͡ɕifkɔ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/pr̝ɛt͡ɕifkɔ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "przeciwko"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Pages with entries",
"Polish 3-syllable words",
"Polish adverbs",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish location adverbs",
"Polish prepositions",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish uncomparable adverbs",
"Polish univerbations",
"Rhymes:Polish/ifkɔ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ifkɔ/3 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
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},
"expansion": "Inherited",
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},
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{
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"4": "ku"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, univerbation of przeciw + ku",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish przeciwko. By surface analysis, univerbation of przeciw + ku.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "preposition"
},
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}
],
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],
"info_templates": [
{
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],
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"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
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],
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"against"
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],
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"word": "przeciw"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"against (in conflict with)"
],
"links": [
[
"against",
"against"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "przeciw"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"against ((located) opposite to)"
],
"links": [
[
"against",
"against"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "przeciw"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
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],
"glosses": [
"towards, to meet with"
],
"links": [
[
"towards",
"towards"
],
[
"meet",
"meet"
],
[
"with",
"with"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) towards, to meet with"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"with relation to"
],
"links": [
[
"with relation to",
"with relation to"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) with relation to"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "wobec"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"denotes recipient of an oral message; to"
],
"links": [
[
"to",
"to"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) denotes recipient of an oral message; to"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "do"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"in the way of"
],
"links": [
[
"in the way of",
"in the way of"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) in the way of"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "na przeszkodzie"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"against (in comparison to)"
],
"links": [
[
"against",
"against"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) against (in comparison to)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "w porównaniu z"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"proportionally to"
],
"links": [
[
"proportionally",
"proportionally"
],
[
"to",
"to"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) proportionally to"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"in contrast to"
],
"links": [
[
"in contrast to",
"in contrast to"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) in contrast to"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "w przeciwieństwie do"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"for (to the benefit of)"
],
"links": [
[
"for",
"for"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) for (to the benefit of)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dla"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"in exchange for"
],
"links": [
[
"in exchange for",
"in exchange for"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) in exchange for"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "w zamian"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Polish terms with quotations",
"Polish terms with uncertain meaning"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1564, J. Mączyński, Lexicon, page 3c:",
"text": "Adversus et adversum praepositio. Przećiwko.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1564, J. Mączyński, Lexicon, page 64a:",
"text": "Contra, Praepositio accusativo casui serviens, Przećywko/ Náprzećyw.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1579, A. Calagius, Synonyma Latina, page 222a:",
"text": "Gegen vber. Przećiwko. Contra. E regione. Per adversum. Fronte sub adversa.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"against; Further details are uncertain."
],
"links": [
[
"against",
"against"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) against; Further details are uncertain."
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pʂɛˈt͡ɕif.kɔ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pr̝ɛˈt͡ɕif.kɔ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pʂɛˈt͡ɕif.kɔ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ifkɔ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pl:Ida Kurcz"
],
"word": "przeciwko"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 3-syllable words",
"Polish adverbs",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish location adverbs",
"Polish prepositions",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish uncomparable adverbs",
"Polish univerbations",
"Rhymes:Polish/ifkɔ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ifkɔ/3 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "przeciwko",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish przeciwko",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "przeciwko"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish przeciwko",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+univ",
"2": "pl",
"3": "przeciw",
"4": "ku"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, univerbation of przeciw + ku",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish przeciwko. By surface analysis, univerbation of przeciw + ku.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "przeciwko (not comparable)",
"name": "pl-adv"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"prze‧ciw‧ko"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"on the other side"
],
"links": [
[
"on the other side",
"on the other side of"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) on the other side"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "naprzeciwko"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"to the other side"
],
"links": [
[
"to",
"to"
],
[
"other",
"other"
],
[
"side",
"side"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) to the other side"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Polish terms with quotations",
"Polish terms with uncertain meaning"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1564, J. Mączyński, Lexicon, page 349d:",
"text": "E regione tanquam adverbium ponitur in oratione, Ná przećiwko/ Przećiwko.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1588, A. Calepinus, Dictionarium decem linguarum, page 380b:",
"text": "Exadversum, Ex opposito, eregione. – Przecziwko.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) The meaning of this term is uncertain."
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Polish terms with quotations",
"Polish terms with uncertain meaning"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1588, A. Calepinus, Dictionarium decem linguarum, page 253b:",
"text": "Contra – Przecziwko, na przecziw.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1588, A. Calepinus, Dictionarium decem linguarum, page 371a:",
"text": "Erga – Przecziwko.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1588, A. Calepinus, Dictionarium decem linguarum, page 1115a:",
"text": "Versus – Przecziwko.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) The meaning of this term is uncertain."
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pʂɛˈt͡ɕif.kɔ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pr̝ɛˈt͡ɕif.kɔ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pʂɛˈt͡ɕif.kɔ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ifkɔ"
}
],
"word": "przeciwko"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "przeciwko",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish przeciwko",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "przeciwko"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish przeciwko",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+univ",
"2": "szl",
"3": "przeciw",
"4": "ku"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, univerbation of przeciw + ku",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish przeciwko. By surface analysis, univerbation of przeciw + ku.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "przeciwko",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"prze‧ciw‧ko"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "dat"
},
"expansion": "[with dative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"dative"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for translations of Silesian quotations",
"Rhymes:Silesian/ifkɔ",
"Rhymes:Silesian/ifkɔ/3 syllables",
"Silesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Silesian lemmas",
"Silesian prepositions",
"Silesian terms derived from Old Polish",
"Silesian terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Silesian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Silesian terms with quotations",
"Silesian univerbations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2016, Waldemar Szymczyk, editor, Bydzie lepij, →ISBN, archived from the original on 2022-11-12, page 70:",
"text": "On niy jest przeciwko Niymcom, yno niy jest przeciw Korfantymu.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"against (in opposition to)"
],
"links": [
[
"against",
"against"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "prociw"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pʂɛˈt͡ɕif.kɔ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ifkɔ"
}
],
"word": "przeciwko"
}
Download raw JSONL data for przeciwko meaning in All languages combined (16.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.