See prowess on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "prowessed"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "prowesse"
},
"expansion": "Middle English prowesse",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "proeche"
},
"expansion": "Old French proeche",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "preu"
},
"expansion": "Old French preu",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "proud"
},
"expansion": "English proud",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English prowesse, prouwesse, proues, prouesce, prouesse (“bravery in battle; act of bravery; excellence; nobility of character; intelligence”), from Old French proeche, proesce, proeësche (“goodness; excellence; bravery”), from Old French preu, prou, prouz, proz, pruz (“good; excellent; brave”). Compare English proud.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "prowesses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "prowess (countable and uncountable, plural prowesses)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"prow‧ess"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "prow"
}
],
"senses": [
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "1888 October 14, Ambrose Bierce, “An Unfinished Race”, in The San Francisco Examiner, →OCLC; republished in Can Such Things Be?, Washington, D.C.: The Neale Publishing Company, 1903, →OCLC, page 313:",
"text": "When in liquor he would make foolish wagers. On one of these too frequent occasions he was boasting of his prowess as a pedestrian and athlete, and the outcome was a match against nature. For a stake of one sovereign he undertook to run all the way to Coventry and back, a distance of something more than forty miles.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2017 November 10, Daniel Taylor, “Youthful England earn draw with Germany but Lingard rues late miss”, in The Guardian, London, archived from the original on 2018-03-28:",
"text": "There is such a sense of inferiority sometimes when it comes to facing Germany, with all their World Cups, their penalty prowess and easy sophistication, it might come as a surprise to learn that, in head-to-head encounters, England actually match their opponents.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise; dexterity, mastery, or proficiency."
],
"id": "en-prowess-en-noun-zjdN2Ce6",
"links": [
[
"Skillfulness",
"skillfulness"
],
[
"ability",
"ability"
],
[
"particular",
"particular"
],
[
"area",
"area"
],
[
"dexterity",
"dexterity"
],
[
"mastery",
"mastery"
],
[
"proficiency",
"proficiency"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) Skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise; dexterity, mastery, or proficiency."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "hmtutʻyun",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"word": "հմտություն"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "čarpkutʻyun",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"word": "ճարպկություն"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "srǎčnost",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"word": "сръчност"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"word": "技藝"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "gei⁶ ngai⁶",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"word": "技艺"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zručnost"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "obratnost"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dovednost"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zdatnost"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "šikovnost"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bekwaamheid"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"word": "taitavuus"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "habileté"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dextérité"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "adresse"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "habilidade"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Können"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "Fähigkeiten"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "dexiótita",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "δεξιότητα"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "prodezza"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "destrezza"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"alt": "ぎりょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "giryō",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"word": "技量"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "giryang",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"word": "기량"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "destreza"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "masterstvó",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "мастерство́"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uménije",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "уме́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "спретност"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "spretnost"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "habilidad"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "capacidad"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "destreza"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"word": "skicklighet"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"word": "abilidad"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"word": "galing"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"word": "hüner"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 3 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"word": "maharet"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1592, Tho[mas] Nashe, “A Dash through the Dudgen Sonnet against Greene”, in Strange Newes, of the Intercepting Certaine Letters and a Convoy of Verses, […], London: […] Iohn Danter, […], →OCLC; republished in J[ohn] Payne Collier, editor, Illustrations of Early English Literature (Miscellaneous Tracts; Temp. Eliz. and Jac. I), volume II, London: Privately printed, [1867], →OCLC, page 33:",
"text": "That libertie Poets of late in their invectives have exceeded: they have borne their ſword up where it is not lawfull for a poynado, that is but the page of proweſſe, to intermeddle.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1863, Homer, translated by T[homas] S[tarling] Norgate, The Odyssey; or, The Ten Years’ Wandering of Odusseus, after the Ten Years’ Siege of Troy. Reproduced in Dramatic Blank Verse, London: Williams and Norgate, […], →OCLC, page 158:",
"text": "[…] But, wroth because this man in full assembly, / Came and reviled thee, thou wouldst shew thy prowess, / The prowess that attends thee, that henceforth / Not e'er a man might think to scorn thy prowess, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1910, Ella Wheeler Wilcox, “England, Awake!”, in Poems of Experience, London: Gay & Hancock, Ltd., 12 and 13 Henrietta Street, Covent Garden, published 1917, →OCLC, page 38; republished as More Poems, Toronto, Ont.: McClelland & Stewart Publishers, 1919, →OCLC, stanza 1, page 246:",
"text": "A beautiful great lady, past her prime, / Behold her dreaming in her easy chair; / Grey robed, and veiled, in laces old and rare, / Her smiling eyes see but the vanished time / Of splendid prowess, and of deeds sublime.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Distinguished bravery or courage, especially in battle; heroism."
],
"id": "en-prowess-en-noun-rD3jT0kb",
"links": [
[
"Distinguished",
"distinguished#Adjective"
],
[
"bravery",
"bravery"
],
[
"courage",
"courage"
],
[
"battle",
"battle#Noun"
],
[
"heroism",
"heroism"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) Distinguished bravery or courage, especially in battle; heroism."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1869 July, “Art. VI.—Memoir of Sir William Hamilton, Bart., Professor of Logic and Metaphysics in the University of Edinburgh. By John Veitch, M.A., Professor of Logic and Rhetoric in the University of Glasgow. Edinburgh and London: William Blackwood and Sons, 1869.”, in The North British Review, volume L, number C, Edinburgh: Edmonston & Douglas, →OCLC, page 493:",
"text": "I recollect hearing […] of his [Sir William Hamilton's] simple, independent, meditative habits, ruggedly athletic modes of exercise, fondness for his big dog, etc. etc.: […] I did not witness, much less share in, any of the swimming or other athletic prowesses.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Christopher Hodapp, “From Darkness to Light”, in Richard Harris, editor, Solomon’s Builders: Freemasons, Founding Fathers and the Secrets of Washington, D.C., Berkeley, Calif.: Ulysses Press, →ISBN, pages 35–36:",
"text": "As the Middle Ages drew to a close and the Renaissance rose like a new sun, knowledge of philosophy and the sciences became objects of interest to a nobility that had once held only skill in battle as a prowess worth attaining.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An act of prowess.",
"An act of adroitness or dexterity."
],
"id": "en-prowess-en-noun-0PuKJlKy",
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) An act of prowess.",
"An act of adroitness or dexterity."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “Capitulum viij”, in [Le Morte Darthur], book V, [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, →OCLC, leaf 87, recto; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, →OCLC, page 173, lines 11–15:",
"text": "Thenne the batails approuched and ſhoue and ſhowted on bothe ſydes / many men ouerthrowen / hurte / & ſlayn and grete valyaunces / proweſſes and appertyces of werre were that day ſhewed […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1851, Charles Fourier, “Ulterlogue”, in Hugh Doherty, transl., The Passions of the Human Soul, and Their Influence on Society and Civilization. […] In Two Volumes, volume II, London: Hippolyte Bailliere, […], →OCLC, page 88:",
"text": "If it is deemed of so much importance, why has no attention been paid to the effects of general friendship, such as certain military prowesses, in which you see a portion of a regiment sacrifice itself in support of another portion?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An act of prowess.",
"An act of distinguished bravery or courage; a heroic deed."
],
"id": "en-prowess-en-noun-doFqKlop",
"links": [
[
"heroic",
"heroic"
],
[
"deed",
"deed#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) An act of prowess.",
"An act of distinguished bravery or courage; a heroic deed."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 38 9 50",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "act of distinguished bravery",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "heldendaad"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɹaʊɪs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɹaʊəs/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɹæɔəs/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpɹæɔɜs]",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-au-prowess.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2d/En-au-prowess.ogg/En-au-prowess.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/En-au-prowess.ogg"
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],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "xizaxutʻyun",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"word": "խիզախություն"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "hrabrost",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"word": "храброст"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "hrdinství"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "neohroženost"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "odvaha"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "heldenmoed"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dapperheid"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"singular"
],
"word": "braveco"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"word": "sankaruus"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"word": "urheus"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "prouesse"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "héroïsme"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "exploit"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fait d’armes"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "haut fait"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "proeza"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Heldenmut"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Tapferkeit"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "andreía",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ανδρεία"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "calmacht"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"word": "prodezza"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"alt": "ぶゆう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "buyū",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"word": "武勇"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "muyong",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"word": "무용"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"word": "riri"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "proeza"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xrábrostʹ",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "хра́брость"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "údalʹ",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "у́даль"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otvága",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "отва́га"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "śavas",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "शवस्"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "одважност"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "odvažnost"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "proeza"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"word": "tapperhet"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"word": "hjältemod"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"word": "cesaret"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"word": "kahramanlık"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"word": "yiğitlik"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 53 0 44",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"word": "yüreklilik"
}
],
"word": "prowess"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "prowessed"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "prowesse"
},
"expansion": "Middle English prowesse",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "proeche"
},
"expansion": "Old French proeche",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "preu"
},
"expansion": "Old French preu",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "proud"
},
"expansion": "English proud",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English prowesse, prouwesse, proues, prouesce, prouesse (“bravery in battle; act of bravery; excellence; nobility of character; intelligence”), from Old French proeche, proesce, proeësche (“goodness; excellence; bravery”), from Old French preu, prou, prouz, proz, pruz (“good; excellent; brave”). Compare English proud.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "prowesses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "prowess (countable and uncountable, plural prowesses)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"prow‧ess"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "prow"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1888 October 14, Ambrose Bierce, “An Unfinished Race”, in The San Francisco Examiner, →OCLC; republished in Can Such Things Be?, Washington, D.C.: The Neale Publishing Company, 1903, →OCLC, page 313:",
"text": "When in liquor he would make foolish wagers. On one of these too frequent occasions he was boasting of his prowess as a pedestrian and athlete, and the outcome was a match against nature. For a stake of one sovereign he undertook to run all the way to Coventry and back, a distance of something more than forty miles.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2017 November 10, Daniel Taylor, “Youthful England earn draw with Germany but Lingard rues late miss”, in The Guardian, London, archived from the original on 2018-03-28:",
"text": "There is such a sense of inferiority sometimes when it comes to facing Germany, with all their World Cups, their penalty prowess and easy sophistication, it might come as a surprise to learn that, in head-to-head encounters, England actually match their opponents.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise; dexterity, mastery, or proficiency."
],
"links": [
[
"Skillfulness",
"skillfulness"
],
[
"ability",
"ability"
],
[
"particular",
"particular"
],
[
"area",
"area"
],
[
"dexterity",
"dexterity"
],
[
"mastery",
"mastery"
],
[
"proficiency",
"proficiency"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) Skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise; dexterity, mastery, or proficiency."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1592, Tho[mas] Nashe, “A Dash through the Dudgen Sonnet against Greene”, in Strange Newes, of the Intercepting Certaine Letters and a Convoy of Verses, […], London: […] Iohn Danter, […], →OCLC; republished in J[ohn] Payne Collier, editor, Illustrations of Early English Literature (Miscellaneous Tracts; Temp. Eliz. and Jac. I), volume II, London: Privately printed, [1867], →OCLC, page 33:",
"text": "That libertie Poets of late in their invectives have exceeded: they have borne their ſword up where it is not lawfull for a poynado, that is but the page of proweſſe, to intermeddle.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1863, Homer, translated by T[homas] S[tarling] Norgate, The Odyssey; or, The Ten Years’ Wandering of Odusseus, after the Ten Years’ Siege of Troy. Reproduced in Dramatic Blank Verse, London: Williams and Norgate, […], →OCLC, page 158:",
"text": "[…] But, wroth because this man in full assembly, / Came and reviled thee, thou wouldst shew thy prowess, / The prowess that attends thee, that henceforth / Not e'er a man might think to scorn thy prowess, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1910, Ella Wheeler Wilcox, “England, Awake!”, in Poems of Experience, London: Gay & Hancock, Ltd., 12 and 13 Henrietta Street, Covent Garden, published 1917, →OCLC, page 38; republished as More Poems, Toronto, Ont.: McClelland & Stewart Publishers, 1919, →OCLC, stanza 1, page 246:",
"text": "A beautiful great lady, past her prime, / Behold her dreaming in her easy chair; / Grey robed, and veiled, in laces old and rare, / Her smiling eyes see but the vanished time / Of splendid prowess, and of deeds sublime.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Distinguished bravery or courage, especially in battle; heroism."
],
"links": [
[
"Distinguished",
"distinguished#Adjective"
],
[
"bravery",
"bravery"
],
[
"courage",
"courage"
],
[
"battle",
"battle#Noun"
],
[
"heroism",
"heroism"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) Distinguished bravery or courage, especially in battle; heroism."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1869 July, “Art. VI.—Memoir of Sir William Hamilton, Bart., Professor of Logic and Metaphysics in the University of Edinburgh. By John Veitch, M.A., Professor of Logic and Rhetoric in the University of Glasgow. Edinburgh and London: William Blackwood and Sons, 1869.”, in The North British Review, volume L, number C, Edinburgh: Edmonston & Douglas, →OCLC, page 493:",
"text": "I recollect hearing […] of his [Sir William Hamilton's] simple, independent, meditative habits, ruggedly athletic modes of exercise, fondness for his big dog, etc. etc.: […] I did not witness, much less share in, any of the swimming or other athletic prowesses.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Christopher Hodapp, “From Darkness to Light”, in Richard Harris, editor, Solomon’s Builders: Freemasons, Founding Fathers and the Secrets of Washington, D.C., Berkeley, Calif.: Ulysses Press, →ISBN, pages 35–36:",
"text": "As the Middle Ages drew to a close and the Renaissance rose like a new sun, knowledge of philosophy and the sciences became objects of interest to a nobility that had once held only skill in battle as a prowess worth attaining.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An act of prowess.",
"An act of adroitness or dexterity."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) An act of prowess.",
"An act of adroitness or dexterity."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with quotations",
"Middle English terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Middle English quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “Capitulum viij”, in [Le Morte Darthur], book V, [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, →OCLC, leaf 87, recto; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, →OCLC, page 173, lines 11–15:",
"text": "Thenne the batails approuched and ſhoue and ſhowted on bothe ſydes / many men ouerthrowen / hurte / & ſlayn and grete valyaunces / proweſſes and appertyces of werre were that day ſhewed […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1851, Charles Fourier, “Ulterlogue”, in Hugh Doherty, transl., The Passions of the Human Soul, and Their Influence on Society and Civilization. […] In Two Volumes, volume II, London: Hippolyte Bailliere, […], →OCLC, page 88:",
"text": "If it is deemed of so much importance, why has no attention been paid to the effects of general friendship, such as certain military prowesses, in which you see a portion of a regiment sacrifice itself in support of another portion?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An act of prowess.",
"An act of distinguished bravery or courage; a heroic deed."
],
"links": [
[
"heroic",
"heroic"
],
[
"deed",
"deed#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) An act of prowess.",
"An act of distinguished bravery or courage; a heroic deed."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɹaʊɪs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɹaʊəs/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɹæɔəs/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpɹæɔɜs]",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-au-prowess.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2d/En-au-prowess.ogg/En-au-prowess.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/En-au-prowess.ogg"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "hmtutʻyun",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"word": "հմտություն"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "čarpkutʻyun",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"word": "ճարպկություն"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "srǎčnost",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"word": "сръчност"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"word": "技藝"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "gei⁶ ngai⁶",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"word": "技艺"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zručnost"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "obratnost"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dovednost"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zdatnost"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "šikovnost"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bekwaamheid"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"word": "taitavuus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "habileté"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dextérité"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "adresse"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "habilidade"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Können"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "Fähigkeiten"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "dexiótita",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "δεξιότητα"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "prodezza"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "destrezza"
},
{
"alt": "ぎりょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "giryō",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"word": "技量"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "giryang",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"word": "기량"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "destreza"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "masterstvó",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "мастерство́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uménije",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "уме́ние"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "спретност"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "spretnost"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "habilidad"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "capacidad"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "destreza"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"word": "skicklighet"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"word": "abilidad"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"word": "galing"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"word": "hüner"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "skillfulness or extraordinary ability in a particular area of expertise",
"word": "maharet"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "xizaxutʻyun",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"word": "խիզախություն"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "hrabrost",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"word": "храброст"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "hrdinství"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "neohroženost"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "odvaha"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "heldenmoed"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dapperheid"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"singular"
],
"word": "braveco"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"word": "sankaruus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"word": "urheus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "prouesse"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "héroïsme"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "exploit"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fait d’armes"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "haut fait"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "proeza"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Heldenmut"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Tapferkeit"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "andreía",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ανδρεία"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "calmacht"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"word": "prodezza"
},
{
"alt": "ぶゆう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "buyū",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"word": "武勇"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "muyong",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"word": "무용"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"word": "riri"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "proeza"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xrábrostʹ",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "хра́брость"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "údalʹ",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "у́даль"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otvága",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "отва́га"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "śavas",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "शवस्"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "одважност"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "odvažnost"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "proeza"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"word": "tapperhet"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"word": "hjältemod"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"word": "cesaret"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"word": "kahramanlık"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"word": "yiğitlik"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "distinguished bravery or courage",
"word": "yüreklilik"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "act of distinguished bravery",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "heldendaad"
}
],
"word": "prowess"
}
Download raw JSONL data for prowess meaning in All languages combined (19.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.