See petroleum on Wiktionary
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"2": "petroleum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Indonesian: petroleum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Indonesian: petroleum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "petroleum"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin petroleum",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Medieval Latin petroleum, from petra (“rock”) + oleum (“oil”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "petroleum m (uncountable)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pe‧tro‧le‧um"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch masculine nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"Dutch uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"petroleum"
],
"links": [
[
"petroleum",
"petroleum#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Nl-petroleum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2b/Nl-petroleum.ogg/Nl-petroleum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/Nl-petroleum.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "aardolie"
},
{
"word": "ruwe olie"
}
],
"word": "petroleum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "liquefied petroleum gas"
},
{
"word": "packaged petroleum product"
},
{
"word": "petrol"
},
{
"word": "petroleum coke"
},
{
"word": "Petroleum County"
},
{
"word": "petroleum ether"
},
{
"word": "petroleum fly"
},
{
"word": "petroleum jelly"
},
{
"word": "petroleum reservoir"
},
{
"word": "petroleum spirit"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "petroleum"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin petroleum",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Medieval Latin petroleum, from petra (“rock”) + oleum (“oil”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "petroleums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "petrolea",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~",
"2": "s",
"3": "petrolea"
},
"expansion": "petroleum (countable and uncountable, plural petroleums or petrolea)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "gasoline, gas",
"sense": "not a synonym",
"word": "petrol"
},
{
"word": "linoleum"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English hybridisms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"en:Liquids",
"en:Organic chemistry",
"en:Petrochemistry",
"en:Petroleum"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "petroleum-based products",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1940, William Plotts, Isogeotherm, Or Monist Theory of Stratified Mineral Occurrence and Origin, page 7:",
"text": "Coal and petroleum do not occur hap-hazard in nature, but the aggregate occurrence of each product in any region forms a definite, limited horizon, which, in its continuance, is independent of the bedding plane.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A flammable liquid ranging in color from clear to very dark brown and black, consisting mainly of hydrocarbons, occurring naturally in deposits under the Earth's surface."
],
"links": [
[
"hydrocarbon",
"hydrocarbon"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:Q22656"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "crude oil"
},
{
"word": "oil"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"wikidata": [
"Q22656"
],
"wikipedia": [
"petroleum"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pəˈtɹoʊliəm/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-us-petroleum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/dc/En-us-petroleum.ogg/En-us-petroleum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/En-us-petroleum.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "petrolaeum"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "petrolæum"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:petroleum",
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"informal"
],
"word": "black gold"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:petroleum",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"slang"
],
"word": "dino juice"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:petroleum",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"slang"
],
"word": "dino oil"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:petroleum",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"slang"
],
"word": "dinosaur juice"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:petroleum",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"slang"
],
"word": "dinosaur oil"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:petroleum",
"word": "gas"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:petroleum",
"word": "gasoline"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:petroleum",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "juice"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:petroleum",
"word": "oil"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:petroleum",
"word": "petrol"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:petroleum",
"word": "petroleum"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:petroleum",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "Texas tea"
}
],
"word": "petroleum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "nl",
"3": "petroleum"
},
"expansion": "Dutch petroleum",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "petroleum"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin petroleum",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch petroleum, from Medieval Latin petroleum, from petra (“rock”) + oleum (“oil”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "petroleum",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "pétroléum",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"head2": "pétroléum"
},
"expansion": "petroleum or pétroléum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pét‧ro‧lé‧um"
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian nouns",
"Indonesian terms borrowed from Dutch",
"Indonesian terms derived from Dutch",
"Indonesian terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"id:Petrochemistry"
],
"glosses": [
"petroleum."
],
"links": [
[
"petrochemistry",
"petrochemistry"
],
[
"petroleum",
"petroleum#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(petrochemistry) petroleum."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "minyak bumi"
}
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences",
"petrochemistry",
"petrology",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pe.troˈleu.m]"
}
],
"word": "petroleum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "petroleum"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin petroleum",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1534"
},
"expansion": "1534",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1534"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1534",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin petroleum. First attested in 1534.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "petroleum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "petroleum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "petroleum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "petroleum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "petroleum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "petroleum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "petroleum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "petroleum n",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pe‧tro‧leum"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"tantum": "s"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-n"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 3-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish learned borrowings from Medieval Latin",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish neuter nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish singularia tantum",
"Polish terms borrowed from Medieval Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with obsolete senses",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔlɛwm",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔlɛwm/3 syllables",
"pl:Natural resources",
"pl:Oil industry",
"pl:Petroleum"
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of ropa naftowa"
],
"links": [
[
"ropa naftowa",
"ropa naftowa#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Synonym of ropa naftowa"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "ropa naftowa"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɛˈtrɔ.lɛwm/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pɛˈtrɔ.lɛwm/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔlɛwm"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "petrolium"
}
],
"word": "petroleum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swedish common-gender nouns",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Swedish neuter nouns",
"Swedish nouns",
"Swedish nouns with multiple genders"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "petroleum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "petroleums",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "petroleumet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "petroleumets",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "petroleum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "petroleums",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "petroleumen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "petroleumens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "c",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "petroleum n or c",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"g2": "c"
},
"expansion": "petroleum n or c",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "bitumen"
},
{
"word": "fotogen"
},
{
"word": "vaselin"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"petroleum"
],
"links": [
[
"petroleum",
"petroleum#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Finland Swedish"
],
"glosses": [
"kerosene, (UK) paraffin"
],
"links": [
[
"kerosene",
"kerosene"
],
[
"paraffin",
"paraffin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Finland) kerosene, (UK) paraffin"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "fotogen"
}
],
"tags": [
"Finland",
"common-gender",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"sv:petroleum"
],
"word": "petroleum"
}
Download raw JSONL data for petroleum meaning in All languages combined (11.6kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
"path": [
"petroleum"
],
"section": "Swedish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "petroleum",
"trace": "started on line 77, detected on line 77"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
"path": [
"petroleum"
],
"section": "Swedish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "petroleum",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (ca09fec and c40eb85). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.