See longitudinal on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for longitudinal meaning in All languages combined (21.9kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "longitudinal aberration"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "longitudinal fissure"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "longitudinally"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "longitudinal recording"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "longitudinal wave"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "medial longitudinal fasciculus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nonlongitudinal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "paleolongitudinal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pseudolongitudinal"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "longitudinal"
},
"expansion": "Middle English longitudinal",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "",
"4": "longitūdin-"
},
"expansion": "Latin longitūdin-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "longitūdō",
"3": "",
"4": "length, longitude"
},
"expansion": "longitūdō (“length, longitude”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "longitude",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "longitude + -al",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English longitudinal, from Latin longitūdin-, oblique stem of longitūdō (“length, longitude”), equivalent to longitude + -al.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "longitudinal (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "transverse"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The motion about the longitudinal axis of an airplane is called roll.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Relating to length."
],
"id": "en-longitudinal-en-adj-t7UOjMHa",
"links": [
[
"length",
"length"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "relating to length",
"word": "pitkittäinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "relating to length",
"word": "pituussuuntainen"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "relating to length",
"word": "pituus-"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "relating to length",
"word": "longitudinal"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "relating to length",
"word": "längenmäßig"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "relating to length",
"word": "longitudinal"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0 0 0",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "keido no",
"sense": "relating to length",
"word": "経度の"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0 0 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "relating to length",
"word": "podłużny"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0 0 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "relating to length",
"word": "długościowy"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0 0 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "relating to length",
"word": "longitudinal"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dolgótnyj",
"sense": "relating to length",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "долго́тный"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "relating to length",
"word": "longitudinal"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0 0 0",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "relating to length",
"word": "hydredol"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The longitudinal position of a ship refers to its angular distance east or west from the prime meridian.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Relating to the geographical longitude."
],
"id": "en-longitudinal-en-adj-rq3Clgbs",
"links": [
[
"geographical",
"geographical"
],
[
"longitude",
"longitude"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "14 66 10 1 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "relating to longitude",
"word": "longitudinaalinen"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 1 31 3 19 12 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 21 5 27 17 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -al",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1960 November, “New electric multiple-units for British Railways: Glasgow Suburban”, in Trains Illustrated, page 660",
"text": "The units have transverse seats, two and three astride the passageway with single or double longitudinal seats alongside the two entrance vestibules in each car.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2008, Youlian Hong, Roger Bartlett, editors, Routledge Handbook of Biomechanics and Human Movement Science, Routledge, page 165",
"text": "The third rotation is about the longitudinal axis of the thigh.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2023 February 22, Paul Stephen, “TfL reveals first of new B23s for Docklands Light Railway”, in RAIL, number 977, page 12",
"text": "Unlike the older trains, the new units have walk-through carriages and longitudinal rather than transverse seating.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Running in the direction of the long axis of a body."
],
"id": "en-longitudinal-en-adj-LMNSLwZ3",
"links": [
[
"direction",
"direction"
],
[
"axis",
"axis"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 1 91 5 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nadlǎžen",
"sense": "running in the direction of the long axis of a body",
"word": "надлъжен"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 91 5 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "running in the direction of the long axis of a body",
"word": "podélný"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 91 5 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "running in the direction of the long axis of a body",
"word": "overlangs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 91 5 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "running in the direction of the long axis of a body",
"word": "pitkittäinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 91 5 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "running in the direction of the long axis of a body",
"word": "pituussuuntainen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 91 5 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "running in the direction of the long axis of a body",
"word": "längslaufend"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 91 5 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "running in the direction of the long axis of a body",
"word": "hosszanti"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 91 5 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "running in the direction of the long axis of a body",
"word": "hosszirányú"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 91 5 3",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tate no",
"sense": "running in the direction of the long axis of a body",
"word": "縦の"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 91 5 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "osevój",
"sense": "running in the direction of the long axis of a body",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "осево́й"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 91 5 3",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "running in the direction of the long axis of a body",
"word": "hydredol"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Forward and/or backward, relative to some defined direction."
],
"id": "en-longitudinal-en-adj-hb-kDl~l",
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 6 93 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "forward and/or backward, relative to some defined direction",
"word": "pitkittäinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 6 93 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "forward and/or backward, relative to some defined direction",
"word": "pituussuuntainen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 6 93 1",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shinkōhōkō no",
"sense": "forward and/or backward, relative to some defined direction",
"word": "進行方向の"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 6 93 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prodólʹnyj",
"sense": "forward and/or backward, relative to some defined direction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "продо́льный"
}
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "cross-sectional"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Sciences",
"orig": "en:Sciences",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Social sciences",
"orig": "en:Social sciences",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 31 3 19 12 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 21 5 27 17 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -al",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "longitudinal studies",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2010 March 1, Don Peck, “How a New Jobless Era Will Transform America”, in The Atlantic",
"text": "Examining national longitudinal data, Mossakowski has found that people who were unemployed for long periods in their teens or early 20s are far more likely to develop a habit of heavy drinking (five or more drinks in one sitting) by the time they approach middle age.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sampling data over time rather than merely once."
],
"id": "en-longitudinal-en-adj-1wc18Fe6",
"links": [
[
"sciences",
"sciences"
],
[
"social science",
"social science"
],
[
"study",
"study"
],
[
"Sampling",
"sample"
],
[
"data",
"data"
],
[
"time",
"time"
],
[
"once",
"once"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sciences and social sciences, of a study) Sampling data over time rather than merely once."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a study"
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"sciences",
"social-science",
"social-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 99",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sampling data over time",
"word": "pitkittäinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 99",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sampling data over time",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Längsschnitt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 99",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sampling data over time",
"word": "longitudinális"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 99",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sampling data over time",
"word": "hosszmetszeti"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 99",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "sampling data over time",
"word": "comhréireach"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 99",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sampling data over time",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "дугорочни"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 99",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sampling data over time",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "dugoročni"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 99",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sampling data over time",
"word": "longitudinal"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌlɒŋɡɪˈt͡juːdɪnl̥/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌlɔŋɡɪˈt͡ʃʉwdɪnəl/",
"tags": [
"British",
"Southern",
"Standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌlɑnd͡ʒəˈtuːdənəl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lɔŋɡəˈt͡ʃʉːdənəl/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-longitudinal.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/de/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-longitudinal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-longitudinal.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/de/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-longitudinal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-longitudinal.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"longitudinal"
],
"word": "longitudinal"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "longitudinal"
},
"expansion": "Middle English longitudinal",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "",
"4": "longitūdin-"
},
"expansion": "Latin longitūdin-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "longitūdō",
"3": "",
"4": "length, longitude"
},
"expansion": "longitūdō (“length, longitude”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "longitude",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "longitude + -al",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English longitudinal, from Latin longitūdin-, oblique stem of longitūdō (“length, longitude”), equivalent to longitude + -al.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "longitudinals",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "longitudinal (plural longitudinals)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 1 31 3 19 12 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 21 5 27 17 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -al",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any longitudinal piece, as in shipbuilding etc."
],
"id": "en-longitudinal-en-noun-ZmVAG4iw",
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "62 38",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"note": "pitkittäinen + noun",
"sense": "any piece lying longitudinally"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 38",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "any piece lying longitudinally",
"word": "pitkittäis-+ noun"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 38",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "any piece lying longitudinally",
"word": "tari"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Rail transportation",
"orig": "en:Rail transportation",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 31 3 19 12 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 21 5 27 17 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -al",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A railway sleeper lying parallel with the rail."
],
"id": "en-longitudinal-en-noun-2JEwtJhE",
"links": [
[
"rail transport",
"rail transport"
],
[
"railway",
"railway"
],
[
"sleeper",
"sleeper"
],
[
"parallel",
"parallel"
],
[
"rail",
"rail"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rail transport) A railway sleeper lying parallel with the rail."
],
"topics": [
"rail-transport",
"railways",
"transport"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "6 94",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "type of railway sleeper",
"word": "pitkittäispölkky"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌlɒŋɡɪˈt͡juːdɪnl̥/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌlɔŋɡɪˈt͡ʃʉwdɪnəl/",
"tags": [
"British",
"Southern",
"Standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌlɑnd͡ʒəˈtuːdənəl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lɔŋɡəˈt͡ʃʉːdənəl/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-longitudinal.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/de/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-longitudinal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-longitudinal.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "longitudinal"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "longitudinalement"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "longitudo",
"4": "longitūdō, longitūdinis"
},
"expansion": "Latin longitūdō, longitūdinis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "longitude"
},
"expansion": "longitude",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "-al"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin longitūdō, longitūdinis (whence longitude) + -al.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "longitudinale",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "longitudinaux",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "longitudinales",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "longitudinal (feminine longitudinale, masculine plural longitudinaux, feminine plural longitudinales)",
"name": "fr-adj"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "82 5 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 5 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French terms suffixed with -al",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"longitudinal (relating to length; running in the direction of the long axis of a body)"
],
"id": "en-longitudinal-fr-adj-dDHwPO10",
"links": [
[
"longitudinal",
"#English"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: latitudinal"
}
],
"glosses": [
"longitudinal (relating to longitude)"
],
"id": "en-longitudinal-fr-adj-tMHyKBoj",
"links": [
[
"longitudinal",
"#English"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: transversal"
}
],
"glosses": [
"longitudinal (sampling data over time rather than merely once)"
],
"id": "en-longitudinal-fr-adj-A0-9t4Um",
"links": [
[
"longitudinal",
"#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
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{
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"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
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"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
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{
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{
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{
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{
"form": "longitudinalii",
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{
"form": "longitudinalele",
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},
{
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},
{
"form": "longitudinalilor",
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},
{
"form": "longitudinalelor",
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"glosses": [
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"id": "en-longitudinal-ro-adj-Lwv8KIdL",
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],
"tags": [
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],
"word": "longitudinal"
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{
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"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "adj",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "longitud"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "longitudinalmente"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-longitudinal-es-adj-n4ynACFv",
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[
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],
"tags": [
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"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 79",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
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"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The number of years required by a longitudinal study may vary considerably.",
"roman": "El número de años que requiere un estudio longitudinal puede variar considerablemente.",
"text": "2001, Psicología infantil, Grupo Planeta (GBS) →ISBN, page 80",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"longitudinal (sampling data over time)"
],
"id": "en-longitudinal-es-adj-EFKywWMG",
"links": [
[
"longitudinal",
"longitudinal#English"
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],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lonxitudiˈnal/"
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{
"ipa": "[lõŋ.xi.t̪u.ð̞iˈnal]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-al"
}
],
"word": "longitudinal"
}
{
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"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -al",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncomparable adjectives"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "longitudinal aberration"
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{
"word": "longitudinal fissure"
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{
"word": "longitudinally"
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{
"word": "longitudinal recording"
},
{
"word": "longitudinal wave"
},
{
"word": "medial longitudinal fasciculus"
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{
"word": "nonlongitudinal"
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{
"word": "paleolongitudinal"
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{
"word": "pseudolongitudinal"
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"expansion": "longitude + -al",
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],
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{
"args": {
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"expansion": "longitudinal (not comparable)",
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{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "transverse"
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"categories": [
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],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The motion about the longitudinal axis of an airplane is called roll.",
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}
],
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"links": [
[
"length",
"length"
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],
"tags": [
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},
{
"categories": [
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"examples": [
{
"text": "The longitudinal position of a ship refers to its angular distance east or west from the prime meridian.",
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"links": [
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"geographical"
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"tags": [
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"categories": [
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1960 November, “New electric multiple-units for British Railways: Glasgow Suburban”, in Trains Illustrated, page 660",
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"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2008, Youlian Hong, Roger Bartlett, editors, Routledge Handbook of Biomechanics and Human Movement Science, Routledge, page 165",
"text": "The third rotation is about the longitudinal axis of the thigh.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2023 February 22, Paul Stephen, “TfL reveals first of new B23s for Docklands Light Railway”, in RAIL, number 977, page 12",
"text": "Unlike the older trains, the new units have walk-through carriages and longitudinal rather than transverse seating.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
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"links": [
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"direction",
"direction"
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[
"axis",
"axis"
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],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Forward and/or backward, relative to some defined direction."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "cross-sectional"
}
],
"categories": [
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"English terms with quotations",
"en:Sciences",
"en:Social sciences"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "longitudinal studies",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2010 March 1, Don Peck, “How a New Jobless Era Will Transform America”, in The Atlantic",
"text": "Examining national longitudinal data, Mossakowski has found that people who were unemployed for long periods in their teens or early 20s are far more likely to develop a habit of heavy drinking (five or more drinks in one sitting) by the time they approach middle age.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
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"links": [
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],
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"sciences",
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}
],
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"ipa": "/ˌlɒŋɡɪˈt͡juːdɪnl̥/",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌlɔŋɡɪˈt͡ʃʉwdɪnəl/",
"tags": [
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"Southern",
"Standard"
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},
{
"ipa": "/ˌlɑnd͡ʒəˈtuːdənəl/",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"ipa": "/lɔŋɡəˈt͡ʃʉːdənəl/",
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},
{
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
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"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
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],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "relating to length",
"word": "pitkittäinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "relating to length",
"word": "pituussuuntainen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "relating to length",
"word": "pituus-"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "relating to length",
"word": "longitudinal"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "relating to length",
"word": "längenmäßig"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "relating to length",
"word": "longitudinal"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "keido no",
"sense": "relating to length",
"word": "経度の"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "relating to length",
"word": "podłużny"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "relating to length",
"word": "długościowy"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "relating to length",
"word": "longitudinal"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dolgótnyj",
"sense": "relating to length",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "долго́тный"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "relating to length",
"word": "longitudinal"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "relating to length",
"word": "hydredol"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "relating to longitude",
"word": "longitudinaalinen"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nadlǎžen",
"sense": "running in the direction of the long axis of a body",
"word": "надлъжен"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "running in the direction of the long axis of a body",
"word": "podélný"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "running in the direction of the long axis of a body",
"word": "overlangs"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "running in the direction of the long axis of a body",
"word": "pitkittäinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "running in the direction of the long axis of a body",
"word": "pituussuuntainen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "running in the direction of the long axis of a body",
"word": "längslaufend"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "running in the direction of the long axis of a body",
"word": "hosszanti"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "running in the direction of the long axis of a body",
"word": "hosszirányú"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tate no",
"sense": "running in the direction of the long axis of a body",
"word": "縦の"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "osevój",
"sense": "running in the direction of the long axis of a body",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "осево́й"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "running in the direction of the long axis of a body",
"word": "hydredol"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "forward and/or backward, relative to some defined direction",
"word": "pitkittäinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "forward and/or backward, relative to some defined direction",
"word": "pituussuuntainen"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shinkōhōkō no",
"sense": "forward and/or backward, relative to some defined direction",
"word": "進行方向の"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prodólʹnyj",
"sense": "forward and/or backward, relative to some defined direction",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "продо́льный"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sampling data over time",
"word": "pitkittäinen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sampling data over time",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Längsschnitt"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sampling data over time",
"word": "longitudinális"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "sampling data over time",
"word": "hosszmetszeti"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "sampling data over time",
"word": "comhréireach"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sampling data over time",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "дугорочни"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "sampling data over time",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "dugoročni"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sampling data over time",
"word": "longitudinal"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"longitudinal"
],
"word": "longitudinal"
}
{
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"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -al",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncomparable adjectives"
],
"etymology_templates": [
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},
"expansion": "Middle English longitudinal",
"name": "inh"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "",
"4": "longitūdin-"
},
"expansion": "Latin longitūdin-",
"name": "der"
},
{
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},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "longitude + -al",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English longitudinal, from Latin longitūdin-, oblique stem of longitūdō (“length, longitude”), equivalent to longitude + -al.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "longitudinals",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "longitudinal (plural longitudinals)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Any longitudinal piece, as in shipbuilding etc."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Rail transportation"
],
"glosses": [
"A railway sleeper lying parallel with the rail."
],
"links": [
[
"rail transport",
"rail transport"
],
[
"railway",
"railway"
],
[
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"sleeper"
],
[
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"parallel"
],
[
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]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rail transport) A railway sleeper lying parallel with the rail."
],
"topics": [
"rail-transport",
"railways",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌlɒŋɡɪˈt͡juːdɪnl̥/",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌlɔŋɡɪˈt͡ʃʉwdɪnəl/",
"tags": [
"British",
"Southern",
"Standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌlɑnd͡ʒəˈtuːdənəl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lɔŋɡəˈt͡ʃʉːdənəl/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-longitudinal.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/de/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-longitudinal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-longitudinal.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/de/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-longitudinal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-longitudinal.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"note": "pitkittäinen + noun",
"sense": "any piece lying longitudinally"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "any piece lying longitudinally",
"word": "pitkittäis-+ noun"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "any piece lying longitudinally",
"word": "tari"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "type of railway sleeper",
"word": "pitkittäispölkky"
}
],
"word": "longitudinal"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 5-syllable words",
"French adjectives",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms suffixed with -al",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with audio links"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "longitudinalement"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "longitudo",
"4": "longitūdō, longitūdinis"
},
"expansion": "Latin longitūdō, longitūdinis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "longitude"
},
"expansion": "longitude",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "-al"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin longitūdō, longitūdinis (whence longitude) + -al.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "longitudinale",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "longitudinaux",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "longitudinales",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "longitudinal (feminine longitudinale, masculine plural longitudinaux, feminine plural longitudinales)",
"name": "fr-adj"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"longitudinal (relating to length; running in the direction of the long axis of a body)"
],
"links": [
[
"longitudinal",
"#English"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: latitudinal"
}
],
"glosses": [
"longitudinal (relating to longitude)"
],
"links": [
[
"longitudinal",
"#English"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: transversal"
}
],
"glosses": [
"longitudinal (sampling data over time rather than merely once)"
],
"links": [
[
"longitudinal",
"#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lɔ̃.ʒi.ty.di.nal/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-longitudinal.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-longitudinal.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-longitudinal.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-longitudinal.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-longitudinal.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "longitudinal"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "longitudinal",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "French longitudinal",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "longitudinal"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French longitudinal",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French longitudinal.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "longitudinală",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "longitudinali",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "longitudinale",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "longitudinal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "longitudinală",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "longitudinali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "longitudinale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "longitudinalul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "longitudinala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "longitudinalii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "longitudinalele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "longitudinal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "longitudinale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "longitudinali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "longitudinale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "longitudinalului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "longitudinalei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "longitudinalilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "longitudinalelor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "longitudinal m or n (feminine singular longitudinală, masculine plural longitudinali, feminine and neuter plural longitudinale)",
"name": "ro-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ro-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Romanian adjectives",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian terms borrowed from French",
"Romanian terms derived from French"
],
"glosses": [
"longitudinal"
],
"links": [
[
"longitudinal",
"longitudinal#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "longitudinal"
}
{
"categories": [
"Rhymes:Spanish/al",
"Rhymes:Spanish/al/5 syllables",
"Spanish 5-syllable words",
"Spanish adjectives",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish epicene adjectives",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "longitudinales",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "longitudinal m or f (masculine and feminine plural longitudinales)",
"name": "es-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"lon‧gi‧tu‧di‧nal"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "longitud"
},
{
"word": "longitudinalmente"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"longitudinal (relating to length or longitude)"
],
"links": [
[
"longitudinal",
"longitudinal#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Spanish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The number of years required by a longitudinal study may vary considerably.",
"roman": "El número de años que requiere un estudio longitudinal puede variar considerablemente.",
"text": "2001, Psicología infantil, Grupo Planeta (GBS) →ISBN, page 80",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"longitudinal (sampling data over time)"
],
"links": [
[
"longitudinal",
"longitudinal#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lonxitudiˈnal/"
},
{
"ipa": "[lõŋ.xi.t̪u.ð̞iˈnal]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-al"
}
],
"word": "longitudinal"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.