"livelihood" meaning in All languages combined

See livelihood on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

IPA: /ˈlaɪvlɪhʊd/ [UK], /ˈlaɪvlihʊd/ [US] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-livelihood.wav [Southern-England], En-us-livelihood.oga [US] Forms: livelihoods [plural]
Etymology: From Middle English liflode, from Old English līflād (“course of life, conduct”), from līf (“life”) + lād (“course, journey”), later altered under the influence of lively, -hood. Compare life, lode. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|liflode}} Middle English liflode, {{inh|en|ang|līflād||course of life, conduct}} Old English līflād (“course of life, conduct”), {{compound|ang|līf|lād|nocat=1|t1=life|t2=course, journey}} līf (“life”) + lād (“course, journey”), {{m|en|lively}} lively, {{m|en|-hood}} -hood, {{l|en|life}} life, {{l|en|lode}} lode Head templates: {{en-noun|~}} livelihood (countable and uncountable, plural livelihoods)
  1. A means of providing the necessities of life for oneself (for example, a job or income). Tags: countable, uncountable Synonyms: living, subsistence, sustenance Translations (means of supporting oneself): مَعِيشَة (maʕīša) [feminine] (Arabic), مَعَاش (maʕāš) [masculine] (Arabic), прехра́на (prehrána) [feminine] (Bulgarian), препита́ние (prepitánie) [neuter] (Bulgarian), средства за преживя́ване (sredstva za preživjávane) [neuter, plural] (Bulgarian), 生計 (Chinese Mandarin), 生计 (shēngjì) (Chinese Mandarin), 飯碗 (Chinese Mandarin), 饭碗 (fànwǎn) (Chinese Mandarin), obživa [feminine] (Czech), živobytí [neuter] (Czech), levebrød [neuter] (Danish), levensonderhoud (Dutch), lívsbreyð [neuter] (Faroese), útkoma [feminine] (Faroese), lívsuppihald [neuter] (Faroese), livibreyð [neuter] (Faroese), toimeentulo (Finnish), elinkeino (Finnish), elanto (Finnish), gagne-pain [masculine] (French), subsistance [masculine] (French), Lebensunterhalt [masculine] (German), Lebensgrundlage [feminine] (German), Auskommen [neuter] (German), Existenzgrundlage [feminine] (German), täglich Brot [neuter] (German), Erwerbsquelle [feminine] (German), 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐍅𐌹𐌶𐌽𐍃 (andawizns) [feminine] (Gothic), מחיה (michyá) [feminine] (Hebrew), megélhetés (Hungarian), lifibrauð [neuter] (Icelandic), viðurværi [neuter] (Icelandic), slí bheatha [feminine] (Irish), slí mhaireachtála [feminine] (Irish), 生計 (seikei) (alt: せいけい) (Japanese), 생계 (saenggye) (alt: 生計) (Korean), parnasa [feminine] (Ladino), ganansia [feminine] (Ladino), ഉപജീവനം (upajīvanaṁ) (Malayalam), ജീവിതം (jīvitaṁ) (Malayalam), oranga whakangakau (Maori), bee hinishnáanii (Navajo), ealáhus (Northern Sami), utkomme [neuter] (Norwegian Bokmål), livsopphold [neuter] (Norwegian Bokmål), levebrød [neuter] (Norwegian Bokmål), utkome [feminine] (Norwegian Nynorsk), livsopphald [neuter] (Norwegian Nynorsk), levebrød [neuter] (Norwegian Nynorsk), Läwensunjahault [masculine] (Plautdietsch), utrzymanie [neuter] (Polish), ganha-pão [masculine] (Portuguese), sustento [masculine] (Portuguese), сре́дства к существова́нию (srédstva k suščestvovániju) [neuter, plural] (Russian), пропита́ние (propitánije) [neuter] (Russian), жизнь (žiznʹ) [feminine] (Russian), sustento [masculine] (Spanish), försörjning (Swedish), levebröd [neuter] (Swedish), kabuhayan (Tagalog), జీవనోపాధి (jīvanōpādhi) (Telugu), sinh kế (Vietnamese), פּרנסה (parnose) [feminine] (Yiddish)
    Sense id: en-livelihood-en-noun-Pw4gQTyQ Disambiguation of 'means of supporting oneself': 70 12 6 12
  2. (now rare) Property which brings in an income; an estate. Tags: archaic, countable, uncountable
    Sense id: en-livelihood-en-noun-gPH7zwsr
  3. (obsolete) Liveliness; appearance of life. Tags: countable, obsolete, uncountable
    Sense id: en-livelihood-en-noun-MJm6VKUM
  4. (obsolete) The course of someone's life; a person's lifetime, or their manner of living; conduct, behaviour. Tags: countable, obsolete, uncountable
    Sense id: en-livelihood-en-noun-hFmAmXvk Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 24 24 21 31
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: livelod, lyuelode [12th–17th c.], lyvelod [14th–17th c.]

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for livelihood meaning in All languages combined (14.1kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "liflode"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English liflode",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "līflād",
        "4": "",
        "5": "course of life, conduct"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English līflād (“course of life, conduct”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "līf",
        "3": "lād",
        "nocat": "1",
        "t1": "life",
        "t2": "course, journey"
      },
      "expansion": "līf (“life”) + lād (“course, journey”)",
      "name": "compound"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "lively"
      },
      "expansion": "lively",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "-hood"
      },
      "expansion": "-hood",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "life"
      },
      "expansion": "life",
      "name": "l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "lode"
      },
      "expansion": "lode",
      "name": "l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English liflode, from Old English līflād (“course of life, conduct”), from līf (“life”) + lād (“course, journey”), later altered under the influence of lively, -hood. Compare life, lode.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "livelihoods",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "livelihood (countable and uncountable, plural livelihoods)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "an independent livelihood;  to make / earn / gain a good livelihood",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "1716, Joseph Addison, The Free-Holder, London: D. Midwinter and J. Tonson, No. 42, Monday May 14, p. 245,\nTrade […] employs Multitudes of Hands both by Sea and Land, and furnishes the poorest of our Fellow-Subjects with the Opportunities of gaining an honest Livelihood."
        },
        {
          "ref": "1967, Chaim Potok, chapter 1, in The Chosen, New York: Fawcett Crest, published 1982, page 10",
          "text": "[The Orthodox Jewish shopkeepers] could be seen behind their counters, wearing black skullcaps, full beards, and long earlocks, eking out their meager livelihoods and dreaming of Shabbat and festivals when they could close their stores and turn their attention to their prayers, their rabbi, their God.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2013, Matthew Claughton, The Guardian, (letter), 25 April",
          "text": "The legal profession believes that client choice is the best way of ensuring standards remain high, because a lawyer's livelihood depends upon their reputation."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A means of providing the necessities of life for oneself (for example, a job or income)."
      ],
      "id": "en-livelihood-en-noun-Pw4gQTyQ",
      "links": [
        [
          "means",
          "means"
        ],
        [
          "necessities",
          "necessity"
        ],
        [
          "job",
          "job"
        ],
        [
          "income",
          "income"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "living"
        },
        {
          "word": "subsistence"
        },
        {
          "word": "sustenance"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "maʕīša",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "مَعِيشَة"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "maʕāš",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "مَعَاش"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "prehrána",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "прехра́на"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "prepitánie",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "препита́ние"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "sredstva za preživjávane",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "neuter",
            "plural"
          ],
          "word": "средства за преживя́ване"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "word": "生計"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "shēngjì",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "word": "生计"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "word": "飯碗"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "fànwǎn",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "word": "饭碗"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "obživa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "živobytí"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "levebrød"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "word": "levensonderhoud"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "fo",
          "lang": "Faroese",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "lívsbreyð"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "fo",
          "lang": "Faroese",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "útkoma"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "fo",
          "lang": "Faroese",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "lívsuppihald"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "fo",
          "lang": "Faroese",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "livibreyð"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "word": "toimeentulo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "word": "elinkeino"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "word": "elanto"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "gagne-pain"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "subsistance"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Lebensunterhalt"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Lebensgrundlage"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Auskommen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Existenzgrundlage"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "täglich Brot"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Erwerbsquelle"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "got",
          "lang": "Gothic",
          "roman": "andawizns",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐍅𐌹𐌶𐌽𐍃"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "michyá",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "מחיה"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "word": "megélhetés"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "lifibrauð"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "viðurværi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "slí bheatha"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "slí mhaireachtála"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "alt": "せいけい",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "seikei",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "word": "生計"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "alt": "生計",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "saenggye",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "word": "생계"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "lad",
          "lang": "Ladino",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "parnasa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "lad",
          "lang": "Ladino",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ganansia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "ml",
          "lang": "Malayalam",
          "roman": "upajīvanaṁ",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "word": "ഉപജീവനം"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "ml",
          "lang": "Malayalam",
          "roman": "jīvitaṁ",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "word": "ജീവിതം"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "word": "oranga whakangakau"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "nv",
          "lang": "Navajo",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "word": "bee hinishnáanii"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "se",
          "lang": "Northern Sami",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "word": "ealáhus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "utkomme"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "livsopphold"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "levebrød"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "utkome"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "livsopphald"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "levebrød"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "pdt",
          "lang": "Plautdietsch",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Läwensunjahault"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "utrzymanie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ganha-pão"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "sustento"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "srédstva k suščestvovániju",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "neuter",
            "plural"
          ],
          "word": "сре́дства к существова́нию"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "propitánije",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "пропита́ние"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "žiznʹ",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "жизнь"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "sustento"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "word": "försörjning"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "levebröd"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "word": "kabuhayan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "te",
          "lang": "Telugu",
          "roman": "jīvanōpādhi",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "word": "జీవనోపాధి"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "word": "sinh kế"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 12 6 12",
          "code": "yi",
          "lang": "Yiddish",
          "roman": "parnose",
          "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "פּרנסה"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "Property which brings in an income; an estate."
      ],
      "id": "en-livelihood-en-noun-gPH7zwsr",
      "links": [
        [
          "Property",
          "property"
        ],
        [
          "estate",
          "estate"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(now rare) Property which brings in an income; an estate."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "Liveliness; appearance of life."
      ],
      "id": "en-livelihood-en-noun-MJm6VKUM",
      "links": [
        [
          "Liveliness",
          "liveliness"
        ],
        [
          "appearance",
          "appearance"
        ],
        [
          "life",
          "life"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) Liveliness; appearance of life."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "obsolete",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "24 24 21 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The course of someone's life; a person's lifetime, or their manner of living; conduct, behaviour."
      ],
      "id": "en-livelihood-en-noun-hFmAmXvk",
      "links": [
        [
          "life",
          "life"
        ],
        [
          "lifetime",
          "lifetime"
        ],
        [
          "conduct",
          "conduct"
        ],
        [
          "behaviour",
          "behaviour"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) The course of someone's life; a person's lifetime, or their manner of living; conduct, behaviour."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "obsolete",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlaɪvlɪhʊd/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlaɪvlihʊd/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-livelihood.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-livelihood.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-livelihood.wav.mp3",
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      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-livelihood.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ac/En-us-livelihood.oga/En-us-livelihood.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/En-us-livelihood.oga",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "livelod"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lyuelode [12th–17th c.]"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lyvelod [14th–17th c.]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "livelihood"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English 3-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English uncountable nouns"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "liflode"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English liflode",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "līflād",
        "4": "",
        "5": "course of life, conduct"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English līflād (“course of life, conduct”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "līf",
        "3": "lād",
        "nocat": "1",
        "t1": "life",
        "t2": "course, journey"
      },
      "expansion": "līf (“life”) + lād (“course, journey”)",
      "name": "compound"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "lively"
      },
      "expansion": "lively",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "-hood"
      },
      "expansion": "-hood",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "life"
      },
      "expansion": "life",
      "name": "l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "lode"
      },
      "expansion": "lode",
      "name": "l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English liflode, from Old English līflād (“course of life, conduct”), from līf (“life”) + lād (“course, journey”), later altered under the influence of lively, -hood. Compare life, lode.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "livelihoods",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "livelihood (countable and uncountable, plural livelihoods)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "an independent livelihood;  to make / earn / gain a good livelihood",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "1716, Joseph Addison, The Free-Holder, London: D. Midwinter and J. Tonson, No. 42, Monday May 14, p. 245,\nTrade […] employs Multitudes of Hands both by Sea and Land, and furnishes the poorest of our Fellow-Subjects with the Opportunities of gaining an honest Livelihood."
        },
        {
          "ref": "1967, Chaim Potok, chapter 1, in The Chosen, New York: Fawcett Crest, published 1982, page 10",
          "text": "[The Orthodox Jewish shopkeepers] could be seen behind their counters, wearing black skullcaps, full beards, and long earlocks, eking out their meager livelihoods and dreaming of Shabbat and festivals when they could close their stores and turn their attention to their prayers, their rabbi, their God.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2013, Matthew Claughton, The Guardian, (letter), 25 April",
          "text": "The legal profession believes that client choice is the best way of ensuring standards remain high, because a lawyer's livelihood depends upon their reputation."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A means of providing the necessities of life for oneself (for example, a job or income)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "means",
          "means"
        ],
        [
          "necessities",
          "necessity"
        ],
        [
          "job",
          "job"
        ],
        [
          "income",
          "income"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "living"
        },
        {
          "word": "subsistence"
        },
        {
          "word": "sustenance"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Property which brings in an income; an estate."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Property",
          "property"
        ],
        [
          "estate",
          "estate"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(now rare) Property which brings in an income; an estate."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Liveliness; appearance of life."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Liveliness",
          "liveliness"
        ],
        [
          "appearance",
          "appearance"
        ],
        [
          "life",
          "life"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) Liveliness; appearance of life."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "obsolete",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The course of someone's life; a person's lifetime, or their manner of living; conduct, behaviour."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "life",
          "life"
        ],
        [
          "lifetime",
          "lifetime"
        ],
        [
          "conduct",
          "conduct"
        ],
        [
          "behaviour",
          "behaviour"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) The course of someone's life; a person's lifetime, or their manner of living; conduct, behaviour."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "obsolete",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlaɪvlɪhʊd/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlaɪvlihʊd/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-livelihood.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-livelihood.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-livelihood.wav.mp3",
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      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-livelihood.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ac/En-us-livelihood.oga/En-us-livelihood.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/En-us-livelihood.oga",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "livelod"
    },
    {
      "word": "lyuelode [12th–17th c.]"
    },
    {
      "word": "lyvelod [14th–17th c.]"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "maʕīša",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "مَعِيشَة"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "maʕāš",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "مَعَاش"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "prehrána",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "прехра́на"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "prepitánie",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "препита́ние"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "sredstva za preživjávane",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ],
      "word": "средства за преживя́ване"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "word": "生計"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "shēngjì",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "word": "生计"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "word": "飯碗"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "fànwǎn",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "word": "饭碗"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "obživa"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "živobytí"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "levebrød"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "word": "levensonderhoud"
    },
    {
      "code": "fo",
      "lang": "Faroese",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "lívsbreyð"
    },
    {
      "code": "fo",
      "lang": "Faroese",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "útkoma"
    },
    {
      "code": "fo",
      "lang": "Faroese",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "lívsuppihald"
    },
    {
      "code": "fo",
      "lang": "Faroese",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "livibreyð"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "word": "toimeentulo"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "word": "elinkeino"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "word": "elanto"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gagne-pain"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "subsistance"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Lebensunterhalt"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Lebensgrundlage"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Auskommen"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Existenzgrundlage"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "täglich Brot"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Erwerbsquelle"
    },
    {
      "code": "got",
      "lang": "Gothic",
      "roman": "andawizns",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐍅𐌹𐌶𐌽𐍃"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "michyá",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "מחיה"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "word": "megélhetés"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "lifibrauð"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "viðurværi"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "slí bheatha"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "slí mhaireachtála"
    },
    {
      "alt": "せいけい",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "seikei",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "word": "生計"
    },
    {
      "alt": "生計",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "saenggye",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "word": "생계"
    },
    {
      "code": "lad",
      "lang": "Ladino",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "parnasa"
    },
    {
      "code": "lad",
      "lang": "Ladino",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ganansia"
    },
    {
      "code": "ml",
      "lang": "Malayalam",
      "roman": "upajīvanaṁ",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "word": "ഉപജീവനം"
    },
    {
      "code": "ml",
      "lang": "Malayalam",
      "roman": "jīvitaṁ",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "word": "ജീവിതം"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "word": "oranga whakangakau"
    },
    {
      "code": "nv",
      "lang": "Navajo",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "word": "bee hinishnáanii"
    },
    {
      "code": "se",
      "lang": "Northern Sami",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "word": "ealáhus"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "utkomme"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "livsopphold"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "levebrød"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "utkome"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "livsopphald"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "levebrød"
    },
    {
      "code": "pdt",
      "lang": "Plautdietsch",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Läwensunjahault"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "utrzymanie"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ganha-pão"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "sustento"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "srédstva k suščestvovániju",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ],
      "word": "сре́дства к существова́нию"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "propitánije",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "пропита́ние"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "žiznʹ",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "жизнь"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "sustento"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "word": "försörjning"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "levebröd"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "word": "kabuhayan"
    },
    {
      "code": "te",
      "lang": "Telugu",
      "roman": "jīvanōpādhi",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "word": "జీవనోపాధి"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "word": "sinh kế"
    },
    {
      "code": "yi",
      "lang": "Yiddish",
      "roman": "parnose",
      "sense": "means of supporting oneself",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "פּרנסה"
    }
  ],
  "word": "livelihood"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.