"lūkaną" meaning in All languages combined

See lūkaną on Wiktionary

Verb [Proto-Germanic]

IPA: /ˈluː.kɑ.nɑ̃/
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *lewg- (“to turn, bend”). Etymology templates: {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*lewg-|t=to turn, bend}} Proto-Indo-European *lewg- (“to turn, bend”) Inflection templates: {{gem-conj-st|lūk|lauk|luk|luk|class=2}} Forms: strong [table-tags], lūkō [active, first-person, indicative, singular], lūkaų [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, singular], lūkai [first-person, indicative, passive, singular], - [first-person, passive, singular, subjunctive], lūkizi [active, indicative, second-person, singular], lūkaiz [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], lūk [active, imperative, second-person, singular], lūkazai [indicative, passive, second-person, singular], lūkaizau [passive, second-person, singular, subjunctive], lūkidi [active, indicative, singular, third-person], lūkai [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], lūkadau [active, imperative, singular, third-person], lūkadai [indicative, passive, singular, third-person], lūkaidau [passive, singular, subjunctive, third-person], lūkōz [active, dual, first-person, indicative], lūkaiw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], - [active, dual, first-person, imperative], - [dual, first-person, indicative, passive], - [dual, first-person, passive, subjunctive], lūkadiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], lūkaidiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], lūkadiz [active, dual, imperative, second-person], - [dual, indicative, passive, second-person], - [dual, passive, second-person, subjunctive], lūkamaz [active, first-person, indicative, plural], lūkaim [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, plural], lūkandai [first-person, indicative, passive, plural], lūkaindau [first-person, passive, plural, subjunctive], lūkid [active, indicative, plural, second-person], lūkaid [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], lūkid [active, imperative, plural, second-person], lūkandai [indicative, passive, plural, second-person], lūkaindau [passive, plural, second-person, subjunctive], lūkandi [active, indicative, plural, third-person], lūkain [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], lūkandau [active, imperative, plural, third-person], lūkandai [indicative, passive, plural, third-person], lūkaindau [passive, plural, subjunctive, third-person], lauk [active, first-person, indicative, singular], lukį̄ [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], lauht [active, indicative, second-person, singular], lukīz [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], lauk [active, indicative, singular, third-person], lukī [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], lukū [active, dual, first-person, indicative], lukīw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], lukudiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], lukīdiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], lukum [active, first-person, indicative, plural], lukīm [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], lukud [active, indicative, plural, second-person], lukīd [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], lukun [active, indicative, plural, third-person], lukīn [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], lūkandz [active, participle, present], lukanaz [active, participle, past, subjunctive]
  1. to close, to shut Tags: reconstruction Related terms: luką
    Sense id: en-lūkaną-gem-pro-verb-VTbuNM3i Categories (other): Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 47 53
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: leukaną
Etymology number: 1

Verb [Proto-Germanic]

IPA: /ˈluː.kɑ.nɑ̃/
  1. Alternative form of *leukaną Tags: alt-of, alternative, reconstruction Alternative form of: leukaną
    Sense id: en-lūkaną-gem-pro-verb-bwmoy1BI Categories (other): Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 47 53
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: leukaną
Etymology number: 2

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for lūkaną meaning in All languages combined (10.9kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*lūkan"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *lūkan, *leukan\nOld English: lūcan\nMiddle English: luken, louken\nEnglish: lock (merged with descendant of Middle English loken, lokken)\nScots: louk, lowk\nOld Frisian: lūka\n⇒ Saterland Frisian: touluuke, touluke\nWest Frisian: lûke\nOld Saxon: lūkan\n⇒ Middle Low German: belûken\n⇒ Middle Low German: entlûken\nOld Dutch: *lūcan\nMiddle Dutch: luken\nDutch: luiken\nOld High German: *lūhhan, *liohhan\nMiddle High German: lūchen, liechen\nGerman: lauchen, liechen\n⇒ Old High German: innebilūhhan\n⇒ Old High German: untarlūhhan\n⇒ Old High German: ūzbilūhhan",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *lūkan, *leukan\nOld English: lūcan\nMiddle English: luken, louken\nEnglish: lock (merged with descendant of Middle English loken, lokken)\nScots: louk, lowk\nOld Frisian: lūka\n⇒ Saterland Frisian: touluuke, touluke\nWest Frisian: lûke\nOld Saxon: lūkan\n⇒ Middle Low German: belûken\n⇒ Middle Low German: entlûken\nOld Dutch: *lūcan\nMiddle Dutch: luken\nDutch: luiken\nOld High German: *lūhhan, *liohhan\nMiddle High German: lūchen, liechen\nGerman: lauchen, liechen\n⇒ Old High German: innebilūhhan\n⇒ Old High German: untarlūhhan\n⇒ Old High German: ūzbilūhhan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "lúka",
            "3": "ljúka"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: lúka, ljúka",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: lúka, ljúka"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "lúka",
            "3": "ljúka"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: lúka, ljúka",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: lúka, ljúka"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "lúka"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: lúka",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: lúka"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nb",
            "2": "lukke"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: lukke",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Bokmål: lukke"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nn",
            "2": "lukka"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: lukka",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: lukka"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "luka",
            "alt": "lūka"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: lūka",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: lūka"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "lucka"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: lucka",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: lucka"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "*𐌻𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: *𐌻𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽 (*lukan)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽"
          },
          "expansion": "𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽 (galukan)",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐌿𐍃𐌻𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽"
          },
          "expansion": "𐌿𐍃𐌻𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽 (uslukan)",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: *𐌻𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽 (*lukan) (in 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽 (galukan) and 𐌿𐍃𐌻𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽 (uslukan))"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*lewg-",
        "t": "to turn, bend"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lewg- (“to turn, bend”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *lewg- (“to turn, bend”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-st",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkaų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkizi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkaiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkazai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkaizau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkidi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkadau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkadai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkaidau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkaiw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkadiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkaidiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkadiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkaim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkandai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkaindau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkaid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkandai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkaindau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkandi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkandau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkandai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkaindau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lukį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauht",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lukīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lukī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lukū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lukīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lukudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lukīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lukum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lukīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lukud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lukīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lukun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lukīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkandz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lukanaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lūk",
        "2": "lauk",
        "3": "luk",
        "4": "luk",
        "class": "2"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-st"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lūkaną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to close, to shut"
      ],
      "id": "en-lūkaną-gem-pro-verb-VTbuNM3i",
      "links": [
        [
          "close",
          "close"
        ],
        [
          "shut",
          "shut"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "luką"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈluː.kɑ.nɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "leukaną"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "lūkaną"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lūkaną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "leukaną"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of *leukaną"
      ],
      "id": "en-lūkaną-gem-pro-verb-bwmoy1BI",
      "links": [
        [
          "*leukaną",
          "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/leukaną"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈluː.kɑ.nɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "leukaną"
    }
  ],
  "word": "lūkaną"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Proto-Germanic class 2 strong verbs",
    "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Proto-Germanic verbs"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*lūkan"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *lūkan, *leukan\nOld English: lūcan\nMiddle English: luken, louken\nEnglish: lock (merged with descendant of Middle English loken, lokken)\nScots: louk, lowk\nOld Frisian: lūka\n⇒ Saterland Frisian: touluuke, touluke\nWest Frisian: lûke\nOld Saxon: lūkan\n⇒ Middle Low German: belûken\n⇒ Middle Low German: entlûken\nOld Dutch: *lūcan\nMiddle Dutch: luken\nDutch: luiken\nOld High German: *lūhhan, *liohhan\nMiddle High German: lūchen, liechen\nGerman: lauchen, liechen\n⇒ Old High German: innebilūhhan\n⇒ Old High German: untarlūhhan\n⇒ Old High German: ūzbilūhhan",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *lūkan, *leukan\nOld English: lūcan\nMiddle English: luken, louken\nEnglish: lock (merged with descendant of Middle English loken, lokken)\nScots: louk, lowk\nOld Frisian: lūka\n⇒ Saterland Frisian: touluuke, touluke\nWest Frisian: lûke\nOld Saxon: lūkan\n⇒ Middle Low German: belûken\n⇒ Middle Low German: entlûken\nOld Dutch: *lūcan\nMiddle Dutch: luken\nDutch: luiken\nOld High German: *lūhhan, *liohhan\nMiddle High German: lūchen, liechen\nGerman: lauchen, liechen\n⇒ Old High German: innebilūhhan\n⇒ Old High German: untarlūhhan\n⇒ Old High German: ūzbilūhhan"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "lúka",
            "3": "ljúka"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: lúka, ljúka",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: lúka, ljúka"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "lúka",
            "3": "ljúka"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: lúka, ljúka",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: lúka, ljúka"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "lúka"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: lúka",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: lúka"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nb",
            "2": "lukke"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: lukke",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Bokmål: lukke"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nn",
            "2": "lukka"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: lukka",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: lukka"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "luka",
            "alt": "lūka"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: lūka",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: lūka"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "lucka"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: lucka",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: lucka"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "*𐌻𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: *𐌻𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽 (*lukan)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽"
          },
          "expansion": "𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽 (galukan)",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐌿𐍃𐌻𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽"
          },
          "expansion": "𐌿𐍃𐌻𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽 (uslukan)",
          "name": "l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: *𐌻𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽 (*lukan) (in 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽 (galukan) and 𐌿𐍃𐌻𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽 (uslukan))"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*lewg-",
        "t": "to turn, bend"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lewg- (“to turn, bend”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *lewg- (“to turn, bend”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-st",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkaų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkizi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkaiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkazai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkaizau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkidi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkadau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkadai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkaidau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkaiw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkadiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkaidiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkadiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkaim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkandai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkaindau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkaid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkandai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkaindau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkandi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkandau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkandai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkaindau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lukį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauht",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lukīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lauk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lukī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lukū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lukīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lukudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lukīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lukum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lukīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lukud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lukīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lukun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lukīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lūkandz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lukanaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lūk",
        "2": "lauk",
        "3": "luk",
        "4": "luk",
        "class": "2"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-st"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lūkaną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "luką"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to close, to shut"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "close",
          "close"
        ],
        [
          "shut",
          "shut"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈluː.kɑ.nɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "leukaną"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "lūkaną"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Proto-Germanic verbs"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lūkaną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "leukaną"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of *leukaną"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "*leukaną",
          "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/leukaną"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈluː.kɑ.nɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "leukaną"
    }
  ],
  "word": "lūkaną"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.