See koss on Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "kosses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "koss",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "+",
"2": "koss"
},
"expansion": "koss (plural kosses or koss)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "coss"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1888, Rudyard Kipling, 'In Flood Time', In Black and White, Folio Society, published 2005, pages 410–11:",
"text": "A full half koss from bank to bank is the stream now – you can see it under the stars – and there are ten feet of water therein.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of coss."
],
"id": "en-koss-en-noun-ZY~QVg67",
"links": [
[
"coss",
"coss#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "koss"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "koss"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse koss",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kussaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kussaz",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse koss, from Proto-Germanic *kussaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "koss",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossar",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "masculine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "is-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "koss",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossinn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossarnir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "koss",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossinn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossinum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "koss",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossins",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "@@"
},
"expansion": "koss m (genitive singular koss, nominative plural kossar)",
"name": "is-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"name": "is-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a kiss"
],
"id": "en-koss-is-noun-u~4YYF3y",
"links": [
[
"kiss",
"kiss"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "kyssa"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔsː/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔsː"
}
],
"word": "koss"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "koss",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "åssen"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of åssen"
],
"id": "en-koss-nb-adv-O1jewcTg",
"links": [
[
"åssen",
"åssen#Norwegian_Bokmål"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(non-standard since 1959) alternative form of åssen"
],
"raw_tags": [
"since 1959"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"nonstandard"
]
}
],
"word": "koss"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "non",
"3": "kǫs"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse kǫs",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse kǫs.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kossa",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kosser",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "kòs"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 33 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 34 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of kòs"
],
"id": "en-koss-nn-noun-w89YkPrX",
"links": [
[
"kòs",
"kos#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɔsː/"
}
],
"word": "koss"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "non",
"3": "kǫs"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse kǫs",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse kǫs.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kossen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kosset",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossar",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "koss",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossane",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossa",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 33 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 34 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a heap of ice"
],
"id": "en-koss-nn-noun-JcRwtF-R",
"links": [
[
"heap",
"heap"
],
[
"ice",
"ice"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɔsː/"
}
],
"word": "koss"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "non",
"3": "hvorsu"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hvorsu",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "hvussu"
},
"expansion": "Faroese hvussu",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "åssen"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål åssen",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse hvorsu, hversu. Cognate with Faroese hvussu and Norwegian Bokmål åssen.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "adverb",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}"
},
"expansion": "koss",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "koss",
"name": "nn-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "korleis"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 33 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 34 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "And how was I to get to Arabia, when I knew neither German nor Arabic speech?",
"ref": "1988, Sveinung Time, Arne Garborg om seg sjølv [Arne Garborg about himself]:",
"text": "Og kóss skulde eg koma til Arabia, når eg kunde korkje tysk eller arabisk mål?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "How goes it with the Æsir, how goes it with the elves?",
"ref": "1905, Ivar Mortensson-Egnund, Edda-kvæde [Edda Poems]:",
"text": "Koss er med åsom, koss er med alvom?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of korleis"
],
"id": "en-koss-nn-adv-BMDMyapD",
"links": [
[
"korleis",
"korleis#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(pre-2012) alternative form of korleis"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kʊsː/"
}
],
"word": "koss"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "koss"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: koss",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: koss"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "kossur"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: kossur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: kossur"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "kyss",
"3": ";",
"4": "kjøss<q:dialectal>",
"5": "kjuss"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: kyss; (dialectal) kjøss, kjuss",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: kyss; (dialectal) kjøss, kjuss"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "kus",
"3": "kos"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: kus, kos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: kus, kos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kyss"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: kyss",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: kyss"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Danish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Danish:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "kys"
},
"expansion": "Danish: kys",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: kys"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kussaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kussaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *kussaz, whence also Old English coss, Old Saxon kus, kos, Old High German kus.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "koss m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "koss m",
"name": "non-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"kiss"
],
"id": "en-koss-non-noun-idGdY5Qa",
"links": [
[
"kiss",
"kiss"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "kyssa"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "koss"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "coss"
},
"expansion": "Old English: coss, cos, *cus\nMiddle English: cos, cus, kis, kys, kysse, kesse\nEnglish: kiss\nScots: kis\nYola: kesse",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: coss, cos, *cus\nMiddle English: cos, cus, kis, kys, kysse, kesse\nEnglish: kiss\nScots: kis\nYola: kesse"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "koss",
"3": "kos"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: koss, kos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: koss, kos"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "kus",
"3": "kuss",
"4": "koss",
"5": "kos"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: kus, kuss, koss, kos\nMiddle Low German: kus, kuss\nPlautdietsch: Kuss",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: kus, kuss, koss, kos\nMiddle Low German: kus, kuss\nPlautdietsch: Kuss"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*cus",
"3": "*cos"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *cus, *cos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *cus, *cos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "kos",
"3": "kus"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: kos, kus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: kos, kus"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kus"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: kus, (dialectal) kos\nAfrikaans: kus\nBerbice Creole Dutch: kosi\nNegerhollands: kus",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: kus, (dialectal) kos\nAfrikaans: kus\nBerbice Creole Dutch: kosi\nNegerhollands: kus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "kus",
"3": "kos"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: kus, kos\nMiddle High German: kus, kos\nCimbrian: khüss (vowel influenced by verb)\nGerman: Kuss\nHunsrik: Kuss\nLuxembourgish: Kuss",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: kus, kos\nMiddle High German: kus, kos\nCimbrian: khüss (vowel influenced by verb)\nGerman: Kuss\nHunsrik: Kuss\nLuxembourgish: Kuss"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kussaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kussaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *kussaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "koss",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "koss",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*koss m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/koss",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kossōn"
},
{
"word": "kussijan"
}
],
"glosses": [
"kiss"
],
"id": "en-koss-gmw-pro-noun-idGdY5Qa",
"links": [
[
"kiss",
"kiss"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "koss"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "kosses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "koss",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "+",
"2": "koss"
},
"expansion": "koss (plural kosses or koss)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "coss"
}
],
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English indeclinable nouns",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms with quotations",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1888, Rudyard Kipling, 'In Flood Time', In Black and White, Folio Society, published 2005, pages 410–11:",
"text": "A full half koss from bank to bank is the stream now – you can see it under the stars – and there are ten feet of water therein.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of coss."
],
"links": [
[
"coss",
"coss#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "koss"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "koss"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse koss",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kussaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kussaz",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse koss, from Proto-Germanic *kussaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "koss",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossar",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "masculine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "is-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "koss",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossinn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossarnir",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "koss",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossinn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossinum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "koss",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossins",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "@@"
},
"expansion": "koss m (genitive singular koss, nominative plural kossar)",
"name": "is-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"name": "is-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "kyssa"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"Icelandic lemmas",
"Icelandic masculine nouns",
"Icelandic nouns",
"Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse",
"Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Icelandic terms with redundant head parameter",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Icelandic/ɔsː",
"Rhymes:Icelandic/ɔsː/1 syllable"
],
"glosses": [
"a kiss"
],
"links": [
[
"kiss",
"kiss"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔsː/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔsː"
}
],
"word": "koss"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "koss",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "åssen"
}
],
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål adverbs",
"Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Bokmål lemmas",
"Norwegian Bokmål pre-1959 forms",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of åssen"
],
"links": [
[
"åssen",
"åssen#Norwegian_Bokmål"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(non-standard since 1959) alternative form of åssen"
],
"raw_tags": [
"since 1959"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"nonstandard"
]
}
],
"word": "koss"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "non",
"3": "kǫs"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse kǫs",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse kǫs.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kossa",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kosser",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "kòs"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of kòs"
],
"links": [
[
"kòs",
"kos#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɔsː/"
}
],
"word": "koss"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "non",
"3": "kǫs"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse kǫs",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse kǫs.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kossen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kosset",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossar",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "koss",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossane",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossa",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a heap of ice"
],
"links": [
[
"heap",
"heap"
],
[
"ice",
"ice"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɔsː/"
}
],
"word": "koss"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "non",
"3": "hvorsu"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hvorsu",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "hvussu"
},
"expansion": "Faroese hvussu",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "åssen"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål åssen",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse hvorsu, hversu. Cognate with Faroese hvussu and Norwegian Bokmål åssen.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "adverb",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}"
},
"expansion": "koss",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "koss",
"name": "nn-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "korleis"
}
],
"categories": [
"Norwegian Nynorsk pre-2012 forms",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "And how was I to get to Arabia, when I knew neither German nor Arabic speech?",
"ref": "1988, Sveinung Time, Arne Garborg om seg sjølv [Arne Garborg about himself]:",
"text": "Og kóss skulde eg koma til Arabia, når eg kunde korkje tysk eller arabisk mål?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "How goes it with the Æsir, how goes it with the elves?",
"ref": "1905, Ivar Mortensson-Egnund, Edda-kvæde [Edda Poems]:",
"text": "Koss er med åsom, koss er med alvom?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of korleis"
],
"links": [
[
"korleis",
"korleis#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(pre-2012) alternative form of korleis"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kʊsː/"
}
],
"word": "koss"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "koss"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: koss",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: koss"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "kossur"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: kossur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: kossur"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "kyss",
"3": ";",
"4": "kjøss<q:dialectal>",
"5": "kjuss"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: kyss; (dialectal) kjøss, kjuss",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: kyss; (dialectal) kjøss, kjuss"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "kus",
"3": "kos"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: kus, kos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: kus, kos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kyss"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: kyss",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: kyss"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Danish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Danish:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "kys"
},
"expansion": "Danish: kys",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: kys"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kussaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kussaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *kussaz, whence also Old English coss, Old Saxon kus, kos, Old High German kus.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "koss m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "koss m",
"name": "non-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "kyssa"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse masculine nouns",
"Old Norse nouns",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"kiss"
],
"links": [
[
"kiss",
"kiss"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "koss"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "kossōn"
},
{
"word": "kussijan"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "coss"
},
"expansion": "Old English: coss, cos, *cus\nMiddle English: cos, cus, kis, kys, kysse, kesse\nEnglish: kiss\nScots: kis\nYola: kesse",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: coss, cos, *cus\nMiddle English: cos, cus, kis, kys, kysse, kesse\nEnglish: kiss\nScots: kis\nYola: kesse"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "koss",
"3": "kos"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: koss, kos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: koss, kos"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "kus",
"3": "kuss",
"4": "koss",
"5": "kos"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: kus, kuss, koss, kos\nMiddle Low German: kus, kuss\nPlautdietsch: Kuss",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: kus, kuss, koss, kos\nMiddle Low German: kus, kuss\nPlautdietsch: Kuss"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*cus",
"3": "*cos"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *cus, *cos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *cus, *cos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "kos",
"3": "kus"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: kos, kus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: kos, kus"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kus"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: kus, (dialectal) kos\nAfrikaans: kus\nBerbice Creole Dutch: kosi\nNegerhollands: kus",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: kus, (dialectal) kos\nAfrikaans: kus\nBerbice Creole Dutch: kosi\nNegerhollands: kus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "kus",
"3": "kos"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: kus, kos\nMiddle High German: kus, kos\nCimbrian: khüss (vowel influenced by verb)\nGerman: Kuss\nHunsrik: Kuss\nLuxembourgish: Kuss",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: kus, kos\nMiddle High German: kus, kos\nCimbrian: khüss (vowel influenced by verb)\nGerman: Kuss\nHunsrik: Kuss\nLuxembourgish: Kuss"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kussaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kussaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *kussaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "koss",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "koss",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*koss m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/koss",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine a-stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"gmw-pro:Love",
"gmw-pro:Sex"
],
"glosses": [
"kiss"
],
"links": [
[
"kiss",
"kiss"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "koss"
}
Download raw JSONL data for koss meaning in All languages combined (13.7kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: pre-2012",
"path": [
"koss"
],
"section": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"subsection": "adverb",
"title": "koss",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: pre-2012",
"path": [
"koss"
],
"section": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"subsection": "adverb",
"title": "koss",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.