See koss in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for koss meaning in Proto-West Germanic (3.8kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "coss"
},
"expansion": "Old English: coss, cos, *cus\nMiddle English: cos, cus, kis, kys, kysse, kesse\nEnglish: kiss\nScots: kis\nYola: kesse",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: coss, cos, *cus\nMiddle English: cos, cus, kis, kys, kysse, kesse\nEnglish: kiss\nScots: kis\nYola: kesse"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "koss",
"3": "kos"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: koss, kos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: koss, kos"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "kus",
"3": "kuss",
"4": "koss",
"5": "kos"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: kus, kuss, koss, kos\nMiddle Low German: kus, kuss\nPlautdietsch: Kuss",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: kus, kuss, koss, kos\nMiddle Low German: kus, kuss\nPlautdietsch: Kuss"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*cus",
"3": "*cos"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *cus, *cos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *cus, *cos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "kos",
"3": "kus"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: kos, kus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: kos, kus"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kus"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: kus\nAfrikaans: kus\nBerbice Creole Dutch: kosi\nNegerhollands: kus",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: kus\nAfrikaans: kus\nBerbice Creole Dutch: kosi\nNegerhollands: kus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "kus",
"3": "kos"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: kus, kos\nMiddle High German: kus, kos\nCimbrian: khüss (vowel influenced by verb)\nGerman: Kuss\nHunsrik: Kuss\nLuxembourgish: Kuss",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: kus, kos\nMiddle High German: kus, kos\nCimbrian: khüss (vowel influenced by verb)\nGerman: Kuss\nHunsrik: Kuss\nLuxembourgish: Kuss"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kussaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kussaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *kussaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "koss",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "koss",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*koss m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/koss",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kussijan"
}
],
"glosses": [
"kiss"
],
"id": "en-koss-gmw-pro-noun-idGdY5Qa",
"links": [
[
"kiss",
"kiss"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "koss"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "kussijan"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "coss"
},
"expansion": "Old English: coss, cos, *cus\nMiddle English: cos, cus, kis, kys, kysse, kesse\nEnglish: kiss\nScots: kis\nYola: kesse",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: coss, cos, *cus\nMiddle English: cos, cus, kis, kys, kysse, kesse\nEnglish: kiss\nScots: kis\nYola: kesse"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "koss",
"3": "kos"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: koss, kos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: koss, kos"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "kus",
"3": "kuss",
"4": "koss",
"5": "kos"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: kus, kuss, koss, kos\nMiddle Low German: kus, kuss\nPlautdietsch: Kuss",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: kus, kuss, koss, kos\nMiddle Low German: kus, kuss\nPlautdietsch: Kuss"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*cus",
"3": "*cos"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *cus, *cos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *cus, *cos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "kos",
"3": "kus"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: kos, kus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: kos, kus"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kus"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: kus\nAfrikaans: kus\nBerbice Creole Dutch: kosi\nNegerhollands: kus",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: kus\nAfrikaans: kus\nBerbice Creole Dutch: kosi\nNegerhollands: kus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "kus",
"3": "kos"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: kus, kos\nMiddle High German: kus, kos\nCimbrian: khüss (vowel influenced by verb)\nGerman: Kuss\nHunsrik: Kuss\nLuxembourgish: Kuss",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: kus, kos\nMiddle High German: kus, kos\nCimbrian: khüss (vowel influenced by verb)\nGerman: Kuss\nHunsrik: Kuss\nLuxembourgish: Kuss"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kussaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kussaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *kussaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "koss",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "koss",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kossum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*koss m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/koss",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine a-stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"gmw-pro:Love",
"gmw-pro:Sex"
],
"glosses": [
"kiss"
],
"links": [
[
"kiss",
"kiss"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "koss"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-06 using wiktextract (6c02f21 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.