See kawka on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kavъka",
"4": "",
"5": "jackdaw"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kavъka (“jackdaw”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"title": "imitative"
},
"expansion": "imitative",
"name": "onomatopoeic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "kawka"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian kawka",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "kawka"
},
"expansion": "Polish kawka",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "kavka"
},
"expansion": "Czech kavka",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "kavka"
},
"expansion": "Slovene kavka",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *kavъka (“jackdaw”), ultimately imitative. Cognate with Upper Sorbian kawka, Polish kawka, Czech kavka, and Slovene kavka.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dsb-decl-noun-3",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kawka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kawce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kawki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kawki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kawkowu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kawkow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kawce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kawkoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kawkam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kawku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kawce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kawki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kawku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kawkoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kawkami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kawce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kawkoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "kawkach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "kawka f",
"name": "dsb-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "k"
},
"name": "dsb-decl-noun-3"
}
],
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
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{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lower Sorbian onomatopoeias",
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"source": "w"
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{
"kind": "other",
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{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "dsb",
"name": "Corvids",
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},
{
"_dis": "83 14 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "76 23 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"jackdaw (Coloeus monedula)"
],
"id": "en-kawka-dsb-noun-mlTG1mtD",
"links": [
[
"jackdaw",
"jackdaw"
],
[
"Coloeus monedula",
"Coloeus monedula#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkawka/"
}
],
"word": "kawka"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kawke",
"bor": "1",
"qq": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Kawke (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Kawke (dialectal)"
}
],
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"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kavъka",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kavъka",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kavъka"
},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "onomatopoeic",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "քուք"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian քուք (kʻukʻ)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kavъka, which is onomatopoeic, representing the bird’s voice. Outside of Slavic, it may be related to Old Armenian քուք (kʻukʻ).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "kawka f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kaw‧ka"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "87 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "68 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "75 25",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "74 26",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "81 19",
"kind": "other",
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"name": "Coffee",
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},
{
"_dis": "94 6",
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}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kawczy"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
8,
15
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"english": "western jackdaw (Coloeus monedula)",
"text": "kawka zwyczajna",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
8,
15
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"english": "Daurian jackdaw (Coloeus dauuricus)",
"text": "kawka srokata",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"jackdaw (corvid of the genus Coloeus)"
],
"id": "en-kawka-pl-noun-b1ayt00u",
"links": [
[
"jackdaw",
"jackdaw"
],
[
"Coloeus",
"Coloeus#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkaf.ka/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-afka"
}
],
"word": "kawka"
}
{
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"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "kawa",
"3": "-ka"
},
"expansion": "kawa + -ka",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From kawa + -ka.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kawka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kawki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kawki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kawek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kawce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kawkom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kawkę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kawki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kawką",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kawkami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kawce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kawkach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kawko",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kawki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "kawka f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kaw‧ka"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "41 59",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
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}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kawa"
}
],
"glosses": [
"diminutive of kawa"
],
"id": "en-kawka-pl-noun-KulXSn9u",
"links": [
[
"kawa",
"kawa#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"feminine",
"form-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkaf.ka/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-afka"
}
],
"word": "kawka"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"pl:Coffee",
"pl:Corvids"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kavъka",
"4": "",
"5": "jackdaw"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kavъka (“jackdaw”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"title": "imitative"
},
"expansion": "imitative",
"name": "onomatopoeic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "kawka"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian kawka",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "kawka"
},
"expansion": "Polish kawka",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "kavka"
},
"expansion": "Czech kavka",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "kavka"
},
"expansion": "Slovene kavka",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *kavъka (“jackdaw”), ultimately imitative. Cognate with Upper Sorbian kawka, Polish kawka, Czech kavka, and Slovene kavka.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dsb-decl-noun-3",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kawka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kawce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kawki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kawki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kawkowu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kawkow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kawce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kawkoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kawkam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kawku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kawce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kawki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kawku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kawkoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kawkami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kawce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kawkoma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "kawkach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "kawka f",
"name": "dsb-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "k"
},
"name": "dsb-decl-noun-3"
}
],
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Lower Sorbian entries with incorrect language header",
"Lower Sorbian feminine nouns",
"Lower Sorbian lemmas",
"Lower Sorbian nouns",
"Lower Sorbian onomatopoeias",
"Lower Sorbian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Lower Sorbian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"dsb:Corvids"
],
"glosses": [
"jackdaw (Coloeus monedula)"
],
"links": [
[
"jackdaw",
"jackdaw"
],
[
"Coloeus monedula",
"Coloeus monedula#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkawka/"
}
],
"word": "kawka"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish onomatopoeias",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms suffixed with -ka",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/afka",
"Rhymes:Polish/afka/2 syllables",
"pl:Coffee",
"pl:Corvids"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kawczy"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kawke",
"bor": "1",
"qq": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Kawke (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Kawke (dialectal)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kavъka",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kavъka",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kavъka"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kavъka",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "onomatopoeic",
"name": "onom"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "քուք"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian քուք (kʻukʻ)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kavъka, which is onomatopoeic, representing the bird’s voice. Outside of Slavic, it may be related to Old Armenian քուք (kʻukʻ).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "kawka f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kaw‧ka"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
8,
15
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"english": "western jackdaw (Coloeus monedula)",
"text": "kawka zwyczajna",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
8,
15
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"english": "Daurian jackdaw (Coloeus dauuricus)",
"text": "kawka srokata",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"jackdaw (corvid of the genus Coloeus)"
],
"links": [
[
"jackdaw",
"jackdaw"
],
[
"Coloeus",
"Coloeus#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkaf.ka/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-afka"
}
],
"word": "kawka"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms suffixed with -ka",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/afka",
"Rhymes:Polish/afka/2 syllables",
"pl:Coffee",
"pl:Corvids"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "kawa",
"3": "-ka"
},
"expansion": "kawa + -ka",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From kawa + -ka.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kawka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kawki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kawki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kawek",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kawce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kawkom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kawkę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kawki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kawką",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kawkami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kawce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kawkach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kawko",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kawki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "kawka f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kaw‧ka"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish diminutive nouns"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kawa"
}
],
"glosses": [
"diminutive of kawa"
],
"links": [
[
"kawa",
"kawa#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"feminine",
"form-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkaf.ka/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-afka"
}
],
"word": "kawka"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kawka meaning in All languages combined (8.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.