See karuṇā on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "sa",
"3": "करुणा",
"t": "pity, compassion"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Sanskrit करुणा (karuṇā, “pity, compassion”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Sanskrit करुणा (karuṇā, “pity, compassion”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "karuṇa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "karuṇā",
"name": "head"
}
],
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],
"lang": "Old Javanese",
"lang_code": "kaw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 11 17 20 15 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 22 27 16 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 22 26 16 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"compassion, pity, sympathy"
],
"id": "en-karuṇā-kaw-noun-Yha~2j1P",
"links": [
[
"compassion",
"compassion"
],
[
"pity",
"pity"
],
[
"sympathy",
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]
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},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 11 17 20 15 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 22 27 16 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 22 26 16 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"favour"
],
"id": "en-karuṇā-kaw-noun-ZhZm7VMr",
"links": [
[
"favour",
"favour"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 11 17 20 15 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 22 27 16 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 22 26 16 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"grief, sadness, sorrow"
],
"id": "en-karuṇā-kaw-noun-JXrx8mdR",
"links": [
[
"grief",
"grief"
],
[
"sadness",
"sadness"
],
[
"sorrow",
"sorrow"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 11 17 20 15 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 22 27 16 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 22 26 16 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"crying, weeping"
],
"id": "en-karuṇā-kaw-noun-Y-AxJblo",
"links": [
[
"crying",
"crying"
],
[
"weeping",
"weeping"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka.ru.na/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-na"
},
{
"homophone": "karuṇa"
}
],
"word": "karuṇā"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "karuṇacitta"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "karuṇādidhāraṇa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "karuṇātmaka"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jv",
"2": "ꦏꦫꦸꦤ",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "> Javanese: ꦏꦫꦸꦤ (karuna) (inherited)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "> Javanese: ꦏꦫꦸꦤ (karuna) (inherited)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "sa",
"3": "करुणा",
"t": "pity, compassion"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Sanskrit करुणा (karuṇā, “pity, compassion”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Sanskrit करुणा (karuṇā, “pity, compassion”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "karuṇa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "karuṇā",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ka‧ru‧ṇā"
],
"lang": "Old Javanese",
"lang_code": "kaw",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 11 17 20 15 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pitiful"
],
"id": "en-karuṇā-kaw-adj-~H-ytbIh",
"links": [
[
"pitiful",
"pitiful"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 11 17 20 15 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sad, sorrowful"
],
"id": "en-karuṇā-kaw-adj-B4NCjAse",
"links": [
[
"sad",
"sad"
],
[
"sorrowful",
"sorrowful"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka.ru.na/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-na"
},
{
"homophone": "karuṇa"
}
],
"word": "karuṇā"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "करुणा",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit करुणा (karuṇā)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "करुणा"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Sanskrit करुणा (karuṇā)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pra",
"2": "𑀓𑀭𑀼𑀡𑀸"
},
"expansion": "Prakrit 𑀓𑀭𑀼𑀡𑀸 (karuṇā)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pgd",
"2": "𐨐𐨪𐨂𐨣"
},
"expansion": "Gandhari 𐨐𐨪𐨂𐨣 (karuna)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Sanskrit करुणा (karuṇā). Cognate with Prakrit 𑀓𑀭𑀼𑀡𑀸 (karuṇā), 𑀓𑀮𑀼𑀡𑀸 (kaluṇā), Gandhari 𐨐𐨪𐨂𐨣 (karuna).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "feminine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pi-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇāyo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇāyo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇāhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇābhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇānaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇāhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇābhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇānaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇāyaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇāsu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇāyo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "karuṇā f",
"name": "pi-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "f"
},
"name": "pi-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Pali",
"lang_code": "pi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pali entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pi",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "pi:Emotions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pity, compassion"
],
"id": "en-karuṇā-pi-noun-mtqM5-QT",
"links": [
[
"pity",
"pity"
],
[
"compassion",
"compassion"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "karuṇā"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Javanese adjectives",
"Old Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Javanese lemmas",
"Old Javanese nouns",
"Old Javanese terms borrowed from Sanskrit",
"Old Javanese terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Old Javanese terms with homophones",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Old Javanese/na",
"Rhymes:Old Javanese/na/3 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "sa",
"3": "करुणा",
"t": "pity, compassion"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Sanskrit करुणा (karuṇā, “pity, compassion”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Sanskrit करुणा (karuṇā, “pity, compassion”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "karuṇa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "karuṇā",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
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],
"lang": "Old Javanese",
"lang_code": "kaw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"compassion, pity, sympathy"
],
"links": [
[
"compassion",
"compassion"
],
[
"pity",
"pity"
],
[
"sympathy",
"sympathy"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"favour"
],
"links": [
[
"favour",
"favour"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"grief, sadness, sorrow"
],
"links": [
[
"grief",
"grief"
],
[
"sadness",
"sadness"
],
[
"sorrow",
"sorrow"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"crying, weeping"
],
"links": [
[
"crying",
"crying"
],
[
"weeping",
"weeping"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka.ru.na/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-na"
},
{
"homophone": "karuṇa"
}
],
"word": "karuṇā"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Javanese adjectives",
"Old Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Javanese lemmas",
"Old Javanese nouns",
"Old Javanese terms borrowed from Sanskrit",
"Old Javanese terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Old Javanese terms with homophones",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Old Javanese/na",
"Rhymes:Old Javanese/na/3 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "karuṇacitta"
},
{
"word": "karuṇādidhāraṇa"
},
{
"word": "karuṇātmaka"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
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"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jv",
"2": "ꦏꦫꦸꦤ",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "> Javanese: ꦏꦫꦸꦤ (karuna) (inherited)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "> Javanese: ꦏꦫꦸꦤ (karuna) (inherited)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "sa",
"3": "करुणा",
"t": "pity, compassion"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Sanskrit करुणा (karuṇā, “pity, compassion”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Sanskrit करुणा (karuṇā, “pity, compassion”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "karuṇa",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "karuṇā",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ka‧ru‧ṇā"
],
"lang": "Old Javanese",
"lang_code": "kaw",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"pitiful"
],
"links": [
[
"pitiful",
"pitiful"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"sad, sorrowful"
],
"links": [
[
"sad",
"sad"
],
[
"sorrowful",
"sorrowful"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka.ru.na/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-na"
},
{
"homophone": "karuṇa"
}
],
"word": "karuṇā"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "करुणा",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit करुणा (karuṇā)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "करुणा"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Sanskrit करुणा (karuṇā)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pra",
"2": "𑀓𑀭𑀼𑀡𑀸"
},
"expansion": "Prakrit 𑀓𑀭𑀼𑀡𑀸 (karuṇā)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pgd",
"2": "𐨐𐨪𐨂𐨣"
},
"expansion": "Gandhari 𐨐𐨪𐨂𐨣 (karuna)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Sanskrit करुणा (karuṇā). Cognate with Prakrit 𑀓𑀭𑀼𑀡𑀸 (karuṇā), 𑀓𑀮𑀼𑀡𑀸 (kaluṇā), Gandhari 𐨐𐨪𐨂𐨣 (karuna).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "feminine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pi-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇāyo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇāyo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇāhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇābhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇānaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇāhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇābhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇānaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇāyaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇāsu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇāyo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "karuṇā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "karuṇā f",
"name": "pi-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "f"
},
"name": "pi-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Pali",
"lang_code": "pi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pali entries with incorrect language header",
"Pali feminine nouns",
"Pali lemmas",
"Pali nouns",
"Pali nouns in Latin script",
"Pali terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Pali terms inherited from Sanskrit",
"pi:Emotions"
],
"glosses": [
"pity, compassion"
],
"links": [
[
"pity",
"pity"
],
[
"compassion",
"compassion"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "karuṇā"
}
Download raw JSONL data for karuṇā meaning in All languages combined (6.4kB)
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-20 using wiktextract (e937b02 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.