"hypertrophy" meaning in All languages combined

See hypertrophy on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

IPA: /haɪˈpɜːtɹəfi/ [Received-Pronunciation], /haɪˈpɝːtɹəfi/ [US] Audio: en-us-hypertrophy.ogg [US] Forms: hypertrophies [plural]
Etymology: From French hypertrophie, from Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér, “over, excessive”) + τροφή (trophḗ, “nourishment”). Etymology templates: {{der|en|fr|hypertrophie}} French hypertrophie, {{der|en|grc|ὑπέρ||over, excessive}} Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér, “over, excessive”), {{m|grc|τροφή||nourishment}} τροφή (trophḗ, “nourishment”) Head templates: {{en-noun|~}} hypertrophy (countable and uncountable, plural hypertrophies)
  1. (countable, medicine) An increase in the size of an organ or tissue due to the enlargement of its individual cells. Tags: countable Categories (topical): Medicine Translations (an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells): hipertròfia [feminine] (Catalan), 肥大 (féidà) (Chinese Mandarin), hypertrofie (Dutch), hypertrofia (Finnish), hypertrophie [feminine] (French), Hypertrophie [feminine] (German), υπερτροφία (ypertrofía) [feminine] (Greek), hipeartrófacht [feminine] (Irish), ipertrofia (Italian), 肥大 (hidai) (alt: ひだい) (Japanese), 비대 (bidae) (Korean), хипертрофија (hipertrofija) [feminine] (Macedonian), hipertrofia [feminine] (Polish), przerost [masculine] (Polish), hipertrofia [feminine] (Portuguese), hipertrofie [feminine] (Romanian), гипертрофи́я (gipertrofíja) [feminine] (Russian), хипертро̀фија [Cyrillic, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), hipertròfija [Roman] (Serbo-Croatian), hipertrofia [feminine] (Spanish), hypertrofi [common-gender] (Swedish), sự nở to (Vietnamese)
    Sense id: en-hypertrophy-en-noun-PO2pSm1w Topics: medicine, sciences Disambiguation of 'an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells': 72 28
  2. (uncountable, bodybuilding) Increase in muscle size through increased size of individual muscle cells; a result of weightlifting, and other exercise. It differs from muscle hyperplasia, which is the formation of new muscle cells. Tags: uncountable Categories (topical): Bodybuilding
    Sense id: en-hypertrophy-en-noun-0bcDJckG Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 17 56 11 15 Topics: bodybuilding, hobbies, lifestyle, sports
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: eccentric hypertrophy, hypertrophic, hypertrophical, hypertrophically, hypertrophous Coordinate_terms: hyperplasia

Verb [English]

IPA: /haɪˈpɜːtɹəfi/ [Received-Pronunciation], /haɪˈpɝːtɹəfi/ [US] Audio: en-us-hypertrophy.ogg [US] Forms: hypertrophies [present, singular, third-person], hypertrophying [participle, present], hypertrophied [participle, past], hypertrophied [past]
Etymology: From French hypertrophie, from Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér, “over, excessive”) + τροφή (trophḗ, “nourishment”). Etymology templates: {{der|en|fr|hypertrophie}} French hypertrophie, {{der|en|grc|ὑπέρ||over, excessive}} Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér, “over, excessive”), {{m|grc|τροφή||nourishment}} τροφή (trophḗ, “nourishment”) Head templates: {{en-verb}} hypertrophy (third-person singular simple present hypertrophies, present participle hypertrophying, simple past and past participle hypertrophied)
  1. (intransitive, of a tissue or organ) To increase in size. Tags: intransitive Translations (to increase in size): hipertrofiar (Catalan), s’hypertrophier (French), hypertrophieren (German), υπερτροφώ (ypertrofó) (Greek), αυξάνω (afxáno) (Greek), 肥大する (hidai suru) (alt: ひだいする) (Japanese), hipertrofiar (Portuguese), hipertrofia (Romanian), hipertrofiarse (Spanish)
    Sense id: en-hypertrophy-en-verb-Ca1Poq7d Disambiguation of 'to increase in size': 92 8
  2. (by extension) To enlarge or extend. Tags: broadly
    Sense id: en-hypertrophy-en-verb-QxTIuciQ

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for hypertrophy meaning in All languages combined (10.9kB)

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "atrophy"
    },
    {
      "word": "hypotrophy"
    }
  ],
  "coordinate_terms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "hyperplasia"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "eccentric hypertrophy"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "hypertrophic"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "hypertrophical"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "hypertrophically"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "hypertrophous"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "hypertrophie"
      },
      "expansion": "French hypertrophie",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "ὑπέρ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "over, excessive"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér, “over, excessive”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "τροφή",
        "3": "",
        "4": "nourishment"
      },
      "expansion": "τροφή (trophḗ, “nourishment”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From French hypertrophie, from Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér, “over, excessive”) + τροφή (trophḗ, “nourishment”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "hypertrophies",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "hypertrophy (countable and uncountable, plural hypertrophies)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Medicine",
          "orig": "en:Medicine",
          "parents": [
            "Biology",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An increase in the size of an organ or tissue due to the enlargement of its individual cells."
      ],
      "id": "en-hypertrophy-en-noun-PO2pSm1w",
      "links": [
        [
          "medicine",
          "medicine"
        ],
        [
          "increase",
          "increase"
        ],
        [
          "size",
          "size"
        ],
        [
          "organ",
          "organ"
        ],
        [
          "tissue",
          "tissue"
        ],
        [
          "enlargement",
          "enlargement"
        ],
        [
          "individual",
          "individual"
        ],
        [
          "cell",
          "cell"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(countable, medicine) An increase in the size of an organ or tissue due to the enlargement of its individual cells."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "hipertròfia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "féidà",
          "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
          "word": "肥大"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
          "word": "hypertrofie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
          "word": "hypertrofia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "hypertrophie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Hypertrophie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "ypertrofía",
          "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "υπερτροφία"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "hipeartrófacht"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
          "word": "ipertrofia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "alt": "ひだい",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "hidai",
          "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
          "word": "肥大"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "bidae",
          "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
          "word": "비대"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "hipertrofija",
          "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "хипертрофија"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "hipertrofia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "przerost"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "hipertrofia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "hipertrofie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "gipertrofíja",
          "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "гипертрофи́я"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "хипертро̀фија"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
          "tags": [
            "Roman"
          ],
          "word": "hipertròfija"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "hipertrofia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "hypertrofi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
          "word": "sự nở to"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Bodybuilding",
          "orig": "en:Bodybuilding",
          "parents": [
            "Sports",
            "Human activity",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 56 11 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Increase in muscle size through increased size of individual muscle cells; a result of weightlifting, and other exercise. It differs from muscle hyperplasia, which is the formation of new muscle cells."
      ],
      "id": "en-hypertrophy-en-noun-0bcDJckG",
      "links": [
        [
          "bodybuilding",
          "bodybuilding#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "muscle",
          "muscle"
        ],
        [
          "cells",
          "cells"
        ],
        [
          "weightlifting",
          "weightlifting"
        ],
        [
          "exercise",
          "exercise"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable, bodybuilding) Increase in muscle size through increased size of individual muscle cells; a result of weightlifting, and other exercise. It differs from muscle hyperplasia, which is the formation of new muscle cells."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "bodybuilding",
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "sports"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/haɪˈpɜːtɹəfi/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haɪˈpɝːtɹəfi/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-hypertrophy.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fc/En-us-hypertrophy.ogg/En-us-hypertrophy.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/En-us-hypertrophy.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "hypertrophy"
  ],
  "word": "hypertrophy"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "hypertrophie"
      },
      "expansion": "French hypertrophie",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "ὑπέρ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "over, excessive"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér, “over, excessive”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "τροφή",
        "3": "",
        "4": "nourishment"
      },
      "expansion": "τροφή (trophḗ, “nourishment”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From French hypertrophie, from Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér, “over, excessive”) + τροφή (trophḗ, “nourishment”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "hypertrophies",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hypertrophying",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hypertrophied",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hypertrophied",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "hypertrophy (third-person singular simple present hypertrophies, present participle hypertrophying, simple past and past participle hypertrophied)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "atrophy"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "To increase in size."
      ],
      "id": "en-hypertrophy-en-verb-Ca1Poq7d",
      "links": [
        [
          "increase",
          "increase"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive, of a tissue or organ) To increase in size."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of a tissue or organ"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "to increase in size",
          "word": "hipertrofiar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to increase in size",
          "word": "s’hypertrophier"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to increase in size",
          "word": "hypertrophieren"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "ypertrofó",
          "sense": "to increase in size",
          "word": "υπερτροφώ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "afxáno",
          "sense": "to increase in size",
          "word": "αυξάνω"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "alt": "ひだいする",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "hidai suru",
          "sense": "to increase in size",
          "word": "肥大する"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "to increase in size",
          "word": "hipertrofiar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "to increase in size",
          "word": "hipertrofia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 8",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "to increase in size",
          "word": "hipertrofiarse"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2020, Merlin Sheldrake, Entangled Life, page 76",
          "text": "Like a well-exercised muscle, 'network' has hypertrophied into a master concept.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To enlarge or extend."
      ],
      "id": "en-hypertrophy-en-verb-QxTIuciQ",
      "links": [
        [
          "enlarge",
          "enlarge"
        ],
        [
          "extend",
          "extend"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension) To enlarge or extend."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/haɪˈpɜːtɹəfi/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haɪˈpɝːtɹəfi/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-hypertrophy.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fc/En-us-hypertrophy.ogg/En-us-hypertrophy.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/En-us-hypertrophy.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "hypertrophy"
  ],
  "word": "hypertrophy"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "atrophy"
    },
    {
      "word": "hypotrophy"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "English 4-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "English terms derived from French",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verbs"
  ],
  "coordinate_terms": [
    {
      "word": "hyperplasia"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "eccentric hypertrophy"
    },
    {
      "word": "hypertrophic"
    },
    {
      "word": "hypertrophical"
    },
    {
      "word": "hypertrophically"
    },
    {
      "word": "hypertrophous"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "hypertrophie"
      },
      "expansion": "French hypertrophie",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "ὑπέρ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "over, excessive"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér, “over, excessive”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "τροφή",
        "3": "",
        "4": "nourishment"
      },
      "expansion": "τροφή (trophḗ, “nourishment”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From French hypertrophie, from Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér, “over, excessive”) + τροφή (trophḗ, “nourishment”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "hypertrophies",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "hypertrophy (countable and uncountable, plural hypertrophies)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English countable nouns",
        "en:Medicine"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An increase in the size of an organ or tissue due to the enlargement of its individual cells."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "medicine",
          "medicine"
        ],
        [
          "increase",
          "increase"
        ],
        [
          "size",
          "size"
        ],
        [
          "organ",
          "organ"
        ],
        [
          "tissue",
          "tissue"
        ],
        [
          "enlargement",
          "enlargement"
        ],
        [
          "individual",
          "individual"
        ],
        [
          "cell",
          "cell"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(countable, medicine) An increase in the size of an organ or tissue due to the enlargement of its individual cells."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English uncountable nouns",
        "en:Bodybuilding"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Increase in muscle size through increased size of individual muscle cells; a result of weightlifting, and other exercise. It differs from muscle hyperplasia, which is the formation of new muscle cells."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bodybuilding",
          "bodybuilding#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "muscle",
          "muscle"
        ],
        [
          "cells",
          "cells"
        ],
        [
          "weightlifting",
          "weightlifting"
        ],
        [
          "exercise",
          "exercise"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable, bodybuilding) Increase in muscle size through increased size of individual muscle cells; a result of weightlifting, and other exercise. It differs from muscle hyperplasia, which is the formation of new muscle cells."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "bodybuilding",
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "sports"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/haɪˈpɜːtɹəfi/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haɪˈpɝːtɹəfi/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-hypertrophy.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fc/En-us-hypertrophy.ogg/En-us-hypertrophy.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/En-us-hypertrophy.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "hipertròfia"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "féidà",
      "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
      "word": "肥大"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
      "word": "hypertrofie"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
      "word": "hypertrofia"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "hypertrophie"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Hypertrophie"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "ypertrofía",
      "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "υπερτροφία"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "hipeartrófacht"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
      "word": "ipertrofia"
    },
    {
      "alt": "ひだい",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "hidai",
      "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
      "word": "肥大"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "bidae",
      "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
      "word": "비대"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "hipertrofija",
      "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "хипертрофија"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "hipertrofia"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "przerost"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "hipertrofia"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "hipertrofie"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "gipertrofíja",
      "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "гипертрофи́я"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "хипертро̀фија"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
      "tags": [
        "Roman"
      ],
      "word": "hipertròfija"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "hipertrofia"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "hypertrofi"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "an increase in the size of an organ due to swelling of the individual cells",
      "word": "sự nở to"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "hypertrophy"
  ],
  "word": "hypertrophy"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 4-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "English terms derived from French",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verbs"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "hypertrophie"
      },
      "expansion": "French hypertrophie",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "ὑπέρ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "over, excessive"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér, “over, excessive”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "τροφή",
        "3": "",
        "4": "nourishment"
      },
      "expansion": "τροφή (trophḗ, “nourishment”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From French hypertrophie, from Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér, “over, excessive”) + τροφή (trophḗ, “nourishment”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "hypertrophies",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hypertrophying",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hypertrophied",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hypertrophied",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "hypertrophy (third-person singular simple present hypertrophies, present participle hypertrophying, simple past and past participle hypertrophied)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "atrophy"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "English intransitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To increase in size."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "increase",
          "increase"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive, of a tissue or organ) To increase in size."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of a tissue or organ"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2020, Merlin Sheldrake, Entangled Life, page 76",
          "text": "Like a well-exercised muscle, 'network' has hypertrophied into a master concept.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To enlarge or extend."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "enlarge",
          "enlarge"
        ],
        [
          "extend",
          "extend"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension) To enlarge or extend."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/haɪˈpɜːtɹəfi/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/haɪˈpɝːtɹəfi/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-hypertrophy.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fc/En-us-hypertrophy.ogg/En-us-hypertrophy.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/En-us-hypertrophy.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "to increase in size",
      "word": "hipertrofiar"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to increase in size",
      "word": "s’hypertrophier"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to increase in size",
      "word": "hypertrophieren"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "ypertrofó",
      "sense": "to increase in size",
      "word": "υπερτροφώ"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "afxáno",
      "sense": "to increase in size",
      "word": "αυξάνω"
    },
    {
      "alt": "ひだいする",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "hidai suru",
      "sense": "to increase in size",
      "word": "肥大する"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "to increase in size",
      "word": "hipertrofiar"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "to increase in size",
      "word": "hipertrofia"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "to increase in size",
      "word": "hipertrofiarse"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "hypertrophy"
  ],
  "word": "hypertrophy"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.