See gnarled on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for gnarled meaning in All languages combined (6.4kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "gnarl"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "knurled"
},
"expansion": "knurled",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "knurl"
},
"expansion": "knurl",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gnarl",
"3": "-ed"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, gnarl + -ed",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "gnarl"
},
"expansion": "gnarl",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested Shakespeare 1603:\n: Thy sharpe and sulpherous bolt Splits the vn-wedgable [unwedgable] and gnarled Oke [oak].\n: Measure for Measure, Act II, scene ii, line 116\nVariant of knurled, from knurl. By surface analysis, gnarl + -ed, though gnarl is a later back-formation. Popular use by 19th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more gnarled",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most gnarled",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gnarled (comparative more gnarled, superlative most gnarled)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Knotty and misshapen."
],
"id": "en-gnarled-en-adj-wQiF6uB-",
"links": [
[
"Knotty",
"knotty"
],
[
"misshapen",
"misshapen"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "čepat",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "чепат"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "čvorest",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "чворест"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "nuós"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "zkroucený"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "sukovitý"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "knoestig"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "misvormd"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "pahkainen"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "ryhmyinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "noueux"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "ratatiné"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "fadharcánach"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "cnapánach"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bitorzoluto"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "nodoso"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "pūioio"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "pūwharawhara"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "sękaty"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "nudoso"
},
{
"_dis1": "99 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "knotig"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 36 32 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Made rough by age or hard work."
],
"id": "en-gnarled-en-adj-5ekL92sH",
"links": [
[
"rough",
"rough"
],
[
"age",
"age"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"work",
"work"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "made rough by age or hard work",
"word": "noueux"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "made rough by age or hard work",
"word": "casta"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/nɑː(ɹ)ld/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "gnarly"
}
],
"word": "gnarled"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "knurled"
},
"expansion": "knurled",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "knurl"
},
"expansion": "knurl",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gnarl",
"3": "-ed"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, gnarl + -ed",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "gnarl"
},
"expansion": "gnarl",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested Shakespeare 1603:\n: Thy sharpe and sulpherous bolt Splits the vn-wedgable [unwedgable] and gnarled Oke [oak].\n: Measure for Measure, Act II, scene ii, line 116\nVariant of knurled, from knurl. By surface analysis, gnarl + -ed, though gnarl is a later back-formation. Popular use by 19th century.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "gnarled",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 36 32 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 42 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ed",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "Etymology 1",
"word": "gnarl"
}
],
"glosses": [
"simple past and past participle of gnarl (Etymology 1)"
],
"id": "en-gnarled-en-verb-bbQkn-mz",
"links": [
[
"gnarl",
"gnarl#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/nɑː(ɹ)ld/"
}
],
"word": "gnarled"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gnarl"
},
"expansion": "gnarl",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Etymology 2"
},
"expansion": "(Etymology 2)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See gnarl (Etymology 2).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "gnarled",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 36 32 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "Etymology 2",
"word": "gnarl"
}
],
"glosses": [
"simple past and past participle of gnarl (Etymology 2)"
],
"id": "en-gnarled-en-verb-vpNzrtum",
"links": [
[
"gnarl",
"gnarl#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/nɑː(ɹ)ld/"
}
],
"word": "gnarled"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English non-lemma forms",
"English terms suffixed with -ed",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English verb forms"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gnarl"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "knurled"
},
"expansion": "knurled",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "knurl"
},
"expansion": "knurl",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gnarl",
"3": "-ed"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, gnarl + -ed",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "gnarl"
},
"expansion": "gnarl",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested Shakespeare 1603:\n: Thy sharpe and sulpherous bolt Splits the vn-wedgable [unwedgable] and gnarled Oke [oak].\n: Measure for Measure, Act II, scene ii, line 116\nVariant of knurled, from knurl. By surface analysis, gnarl + -ed, though gnarl is a later back-formation. Popular use by 19th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more gnarled",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most gnarled",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gnarled (comparative more gnarled, superlative most gnarled)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Knotty and misshapen."
],
"links": [
[
"Knotty",
"knotty"
],
[
"misshapen",
"misshapen"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Made rough by age or hard work."
],
"links": [
[
"rough",
"rough"
],
[
"age",
"age"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"work",
"work"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/nɑː(ɹ)ld/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gnarly"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "čepat",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "чепат"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "čvorest",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "чворест"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "nuós"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "zkroucený"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "sukovitý"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "knoestig"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "misvormd"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "pahkainen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "ryhmyinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "noueux"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "ratatiné"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "fadharcánach"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "cnapánach"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bitorzoluto"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "nodoso"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "pūioio"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "pūwharawhara"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "sękaty"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "nudoso"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "knotty and misshapen",
"word": "knotig"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "made rough by age or hard work",
"word": "noueux"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "made rough by age or hard work",
"word": "casta"
}
],
"word": "gnarled"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English non-lemma forms",
"English terms suffixed with -ed",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English verb forms"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
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{
"args": {
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"2": "knurled"
},
"expansion": "knurled",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "knurl"
},
"expansion": "knurl",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gnarl",
"3": "-ed"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, gnarl + -ed",
"name": "surf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "gnarl"
},
"expansion": "gnarl",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested Shakespeare 1603:\n: Thy sharpe and sulpherous bolt Splits the vn-wedgable [unwedgable] and gnarled Oke [oak].\n: Measure for Measure, Act II, scene ii, line 116\nVariant of knurled, from knurl. By surface analysis, gnarl + -ed, though gnarl is a later back-formation. Popular use by 19th century.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "gnarled",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "Etymology 1",
"word": "gnarl"
}
],
"glosses": [
"simple past and past participle of gnarl (Etymology 1)"
],
"links": [
[
"gnarl",
"gnarl#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/nɑː(ɹ)ld/"
}
],
"word": "gnarled"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English non-lemma forms",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English verb forms"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
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"2": "gnarl"
},
"expansion": "gnarl",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Etymology 2"
},
"expansion": "(Etymology 2)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See gnarl (Etymology 2).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "gnarled",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "Etymology 2",
"word": "gnarl"
}
],
"glosses": [
"simple past and past participle of gnarl (Etymology 2)"
],
"links": [
[
"gnarl",
"gnarl#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/nɑː(ɹ)ld/"
}
],
"word": "gnarled"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.