"gesel" meaning in All languages combined

See gesel on Wiktionary

Noun [Dutch]

IPA: /ˈɣeːsəl/ Audio: Nl-gesel.ogg Forms: gesels [plural], geselen [plural]
Etymology: From Middle Dutch gessle, ghesele. The atypical -s-, rather than -z-, points at Old Dutch *gēsl(a), where the -s- was directly followed by the -l-, instead of by a vowel, blocking the s → z sound change, from Proto-Germanic *gaisilaz, from *gaizaz (“spear”) + *-ilaz (suffix deriving names of tools). The loss of the middle syllable was a common change among the Germanic languages, and can also be seen in *karilaz → *karlaz (whence Charles). Cognate with German Geißel. Etymology templates: {{dercat|nl|gmw-pro|inh=1}}, {{inh|nl|dum|gessle}} Middle Dutch gessle, {{inh|nl|odt|*gēsl(a)}} Old Dutch *gēsl(a), {{inh|nl|gem-pro|*gaisilaz}} Proto-Germanic *gaisilaz, {{cog|de|Geißel}} German Geißel Head templates: {{nl-noun|m|-s|-|pl2=-@en}} gesel m (plural gesels or geselen)
  1. scourge (a whip often of leather) Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-gesel-nl-noun-lxzozuJg

Verb [Dutch]

IPA: /ˈɣeːsəl/ Audio: Nl-gesel.ogg
Etymology: From Middle Dutch gessle, ghesele. The atypical -s-, rather than -z-, points at Old Dutch *gēsl(a), where the -s- was directly followed by the -l-, instead of by a vowel, blocking the s → z sound change, from Proto-Germanic *gaisilaz, from *gaizaz (“spear”) + *-ilaz (suffix deriving names of tools). The loss of the middle syllable was a common change among the Germanic languages, and can also be seen in *karilaz → *karlaz (whence Charles). Cognate with German Geißel. Etymology templates: {{dercat|nl|gmw-pro|inh=1}}, {{inh|nl|dum|gessle}} Middle Dutch gessle, {{inh|nl|odt|*gēsl(a)}} Old Dutch *gēsl(a), {{inh|nl|gem-pro|*gaisilaz}} Proto-Germanic *gaisilaz, {{cog|de|Geißel}} German Geißel Head templates: {{head|nl|verb form}} gesel
  1. inflection of geselen:
    first-person singular present indicative
    Tags: first-person, form-of, indicative, present, singular Form of: geselen
    Sense id: en-gesel-nl-verb-hCu9FOYV Categories (other): Dutch entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Dutch entries with incorrect language header: 4 42 42 12 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 3 44 44 10 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 2 46 46 6
  2. inflection of geselen:
    (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
    Tags: form-of, indicative, present, second-person, singular Form of: geselen
    Sense id: en-gesel-nl-verb-1D-UGmcG Categories (other): Dutch entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Dutch entries with incorrect language header: 4 42 42 12 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 3 44 44 10 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 2 46 46 6
  3. inflection of geselen:
    imperative
    Tags: form-of, imperative Form of: geselen
    Sense id: en-gesel-nl-verb-eRkSphn8 Categories (other): Dutch entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Dutch entries with incorrect language header: 4 42 42 12

Noun [Slovene]

Forms: gêsel [canonical]
Head templates: {{head|sl|noun form|head=gêsel}} gêsel
  1. genitive dual/plural of geslo Tags: dual, form-of, genitive, plural Form of: geslo
    Sense id: en-gesel-sl-noun-k2A5oIOe Categories (other): Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Slovene entries with incorrect language header

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "gessle"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch gessle",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "*gēsl(a)"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch *gēsl(a)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*gaisilaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gaisilaz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Geißel"
      },
      "expansion": "German Geißel",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch gessle, ghesele. The atypical -s-, rather than -z-, points at Old Dutch *gēsl(a), where the -s- was directly followed by the -l-, instead of by a vowel, blocking the s → z sound change, from Proto-Germanic *gaisilaz, from *gaizaz (“spear”) + *-ilaz (suffix deriving names of tools). The loss of the middle syllable was a common change among the Germanic languages, and can also be seen in *karilaz → *karlaz (whence Charles). Cognate with German Geißel.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gesels",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "geselen",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "-s",
        "3": "-",
        "pl2": "-@en"
      },
      "expansion": "gesel m (plural gesels or geselen)",
      "name": "nl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ge‧sel"
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "scourge (a whip often of leather)"
      ],
      "id": "en-gesel-nl-noun-lxzozuJg",
      "links": [
        [
          "scourge",
          "scourge"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɣeːsəl/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-gesel.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/Nl-gesel.ogg/Nl-gesel.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/Nl-gesel.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "nl:gesel"
  ],
  "word": "gesel"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "gessle"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch gessle",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "*gēsl(a)"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch *gēsl(a)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*gaisilaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gaisilaz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Geißel"
      },
      "expansion": "German Geißel",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch gessle, ghesele. The atypical -s-, rather than -z-, points at Old Dutch *gēsl(a), where the -s- was directly followed by the -l-, instead of by a vowel, blocking the s → z sound change, from Proto-Germanic *gaisilaz, from *gaizaz (“spear”) + *-ilaz (suffix deriving names of tools). The loss of the middle syllable was a common change among the Germanic languages, and can also be seen in *karilaz → *karlaz (whence Charles). Cognate with German Geißel.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "gesel",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ge‧sel"
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 42 42 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 44 44 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 46 46 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "geselen"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of geselen:",
        "first-person singular present indicative"
      ],
      "id": "en-gesel-nl-verb-hCu9FOYV",
      "links": [
        [
          "geselen",
          "geselen#Dutch"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 42 42 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 44 44 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 46 46 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "geselen"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of geselen:",
        "second-person singular present indicative"
      ],
      "id": "en-gesel-nl-verb-1D-UGmcG",
      "links": [
        [
          "geselen",
          "geselen#Dutch"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of geselen:",
        "(in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "in case of inversion"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 42 42 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "geselen"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of geselen:",
        "imperative"
      ],
      "id": "en-gesel-nl-verb-eRkSphn8",
      "links": [
        [
          "geselen",
          "geselen#Dutch"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɣeːsəl/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-gesel.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/Nl-gesel.ogg/Nl-gesel.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/Nl-gesel.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "nl:gesel"
  ],
  "word": "gesel"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gêsel",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sl",
        "2": "noun form",
        "head": "gêsel"
      },
      "expansion": "gêsel",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Slovene",
  "lang_code": "sl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Slovene entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "geslo"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "genitive dual/plural of geslo"
      ],
      "id": "en-gesel-sl-noun-k2A5oIOe",
      "links": [
        [
          "geslo",
          "geslo#Slovene"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "form-of",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "gesel"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
    "Dutch lemmas",
    "Dutch masculine nouns",
    "Dutch non-lemma forms",
    "Dutch nouns",
    "Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
    "Dutch nouns with plural in -s",
    "Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
    "Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
    "Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Dutch verb forms",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "gessle"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch gessle",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "*gēsl(a)"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch *gēsl(a)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*gaisilaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gaisilaz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Geißel"
      },
      "expansion": "German Geißel",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch gessle, ghesele. The atypical -s-, rather than -z-, points at Old Dutch *gēsl(a), where the -s- was directly followed by the -l-, instead of by a vowel, blocking the s → z sound change, from Proto-Germanic *gaisilaz, from *gaizaz (“spear”) + *-ilaz (suffix deriving names of tools). The loss of the middle syllable was a common change among the Germanic languages, and can also be seen in *karilaz → *karlaz (whence Charles). Cognate with German Geißel.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gesels",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "geselen",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "-s",
        "3": "-",
        "pl2": "-@en"
      },
      "expansion": "gesel m (plural gesels or geselen)",
      "name": "nl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ge‧sel"
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "scourge (a whip often of leather)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "scourge",
          "scourge"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɣeːsəl/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-gesel.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/Nl-gesel.ogg/Nl-gesel.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/Nl-gesel.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "nl:gesel"
  ],
  "word": "gesel"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
    "Dutch lemmas",
    "Dutch masculine nouns",
    "Dutch non-lemma forms",
    "Dutch nouns",
    "Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
    "Dutch nouns with plural in -s",
    "Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
    "Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
    "Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Dutch verb forms",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "gessle"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch gessle",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "*gēsl(a)"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch *gēsl(a)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*gaisilaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gaisilaz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Geißel"
      },
      "expansion": "German Geißel",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch gessle, ghesele. The atypical -s-, rather than -z-, points at Old Dutch *gēsl(a), where the -s- was directly followed by the -l-, instead of by a vowel, blocking the s → z sound change, from Proto-Germanic *gaisilaz, from *gaizaz (“spear”) + *-ilaz (suffix deriving names of tools). The loss of the middle syllable was a common change among the Germanic languages, and can also be seen in *karilaz → *karlaz (whence Charles). Cognate with German Geißel.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "gesel",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ge‧sel"
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "geselen"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of geselen:",
        "first-person singular present indicative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "geselen",
          "geselen#Dutch"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "geselen"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of geselen:",
        "second-person singular present indicative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "geselen",
          "geselen#Dutch"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of geselen:",
        "(in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "in case of inversion"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "geselen"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of geselen:",
        "imperative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "geselen",
          "geselen#Dutch"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɣeːsəl/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-gesel.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/Nl-gesel.ogg/Nl-gesel.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/Nl-gesel.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "nl:gesel"
  ],
  "word": "gesel"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gêsel",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sl",
        "2": "noun form",
        "head": "gêsel"
      },
      "expansion": "gêsel",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Slovene",
  "lang_code": "sl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Slovene entries with incorrect language header",
        "Slovene non-lemma forms",
        "Slovene noun forms"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "geslo"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "genitive dual/plural of geslo"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "geslo",
          "geslo#Slovene"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "form-of",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "gesel"
}

Download raw JSONL data for gesel meaning in All languages combined (5.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (b941637 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.