See fundus on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for fundus meaning in All languages combined (17.2kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fundectomy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fundic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fundusectomy"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰudʰmḗn"
},
"expansion": "*bʰudʰmḗn",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bʰudʰmḗn"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *bʰudʰmḗn",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "fundus",
"4": "",
"5": "bottom"
},
"expansion": "Latin fundus (“bottom”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fond",
"3": "fund"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of fond and fund",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *bʰudʰmḗn\nFrom Latin fundus (“bottom”). Doublet of fond and fund.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fundi",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fundi"
},
"expansion": "fundus (plural fundi)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "en:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 36 12 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 26 21 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 25 19 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The large, hollow part of an organ farthest from an opening; especially:",
"The top, hollow portion of the uterus."
],
"id": "en-fundus-en-noun-LS4AQ2LN",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"organ",
"organ"
],
[
"opening",
"opening"
],
[
"uterus",
"uterus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) The large, hollow part of an organ farthest from an opening; especially:",
"The top, hollow portion of the uterus."
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "en:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 36 12 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 26 21 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The large, hollow part of an organ farthest from an opening; especially:",
"The back, interior part of the eye, accommodating the retina and associated blood vessels, etc."
],
"id": "en-fundus-en-noun-7PxyXVGb",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"organ",
"organ"
],
[
"opening",
"opening"
],
[
"eye",
"eye"
],
[
"retina",
"retina"
],
[
"blood",
"blood"
],
[
"vessel",
"vessel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) The large, hollow part of an organ farthest from an opening; especially:",
"The back, interior part of the eye, accommodating the retina and associated blood vessels, etc."
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yǎndǐ",
"sense": "of the eye",
"word": "眼底"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "en:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 36 12 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 26 21 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The large, hollow part of an organ farthest from an opening; especially:",
"The uppermost hollow of the stomach, which in humans forms a bulge above where the oesophagus enters the stomach."
],
"id": "en-fundus-en-noun-Dh6CPTcX",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"organ",
"organ"
],
[
"opening",
"opening"
],
[
"stomach",
"stomach"
],
[
"bulge",
"bulge"
],
[
"oesophagus",
"oesophagus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) The large, hollow part of an organ farthest from an opening; especially:",
"The uppermost hollow of the stomach, which in humans forms a bulge above where the oesophagus enters the stomach."
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "en:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 36 12 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 26 21 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The large, hollow part of an organ farthest from an opening; especially:",
"The deepest part of a sulcus, such as of the sulci of the human cerebral cortex."
],
"id": "en-fundus-en-noun-alPe9t~L",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"organ",
"organ"
],
[
"opening",
"opening"
],
[
"sulcus",
"sulcus"
],
[
"cerebral",
"cerebral"
],
[
"cortex",
"cortex"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) The large, hollow part of an organ farthest from an opening; especially:",
"The deepest part of a sulcus, such as of the sulci of the human cerebral cortex."
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"fundus"
],
"word": "fundus"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "fundus",
"name": "eo-head"
}
],
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Esperanto entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "fundi"
}
],
"glosses": [
"conditional of fundi"
],
"id": "en-fundus-eo-verb-Jc9bXjIE",
"links": [
[
"fundi",
"fundi#Esperanto"
]
],
"tags": [
"conditional",
"form-of"
]
}
],
"word": "fundus"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"bottom\"",
"word": "vertex"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "adfundō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "*affundō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "funditus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fundō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fundulus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "profundus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balkan Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "fundu",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: fundu, afundu, fund",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: fundu, afundu, fund"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fund"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: fund",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: fund"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "fondo"
},
"expansion": "Italian: fondo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: fondo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "funnu"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: funnu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: funnu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Italian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "font",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: font, fonz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: font, fonz"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lld",
"2": "fond"
},
"expansion": "Ladin: fond",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ladin: fond"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lij",
"2": "fondo"
},
"expansion": "Ligurian: fondo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ligurian: fondo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lmo",
"2": "fond",
"3": "hond"
},
"expansion": "Lombard: fond, hond",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lombard: fond, hond"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "fons"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: fons",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: fons"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "fondo"
},
"expansion": "Venetian: fondo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetian: fondo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "fons"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: fons",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: fons"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old French:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fond"
},
"expansion": "French: fond",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "French: fond (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fund",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: fund",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: fund"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "fons"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: fons",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: fons"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eu",
"2": "funts",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Basque: funts",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Basque: funts"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ibero-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "fondu"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: fondu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: fondu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "fundo",
"3": "fondo"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: fundo, fondo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: fundo, fondo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fax",
"2": "fundu"
},
"expansion": "Fala: fundu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Fala: fundu"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "fundo",
"3": "fondo"
},
"expansion": "Galician: fundo, fondo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: fundo, fondo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "fundo"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: fundo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: fundo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "fondo"
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish: fondo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Spanish: fondo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "fondo",
"3": "hondo"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: fondo, hondo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: fondo, hondo"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ceb",
"2": "pundo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Cebuano: pundo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Cebuano: pundo"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eu",
"2": "hondo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Basque: hondo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Basque: hondo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Insular Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "fundhu",
"3": "fundu",
"4": "funnu"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian: fundhu, fundu, funnu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian: fundhu, fundu, funnu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "*affundāre"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin: *affundāre",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Vulgar Latin: *affundāre (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Borrowings:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "fund",
"alts": "1",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: fund, fun, funn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: fund, fun, funn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Fundus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Fundus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Fundus"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "fundusz",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: fundusz (learned)\n→ Kashubian: fùndusz",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: fundusz (learned)\n→ Kashubian: fùndusz"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "fundo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: fundo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: fundo"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*funðos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *funðos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰudʰ-(m)n-o-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰ-(m)n-o-s",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰudʰmḗn"
},
"expansion": "*bʰudʰmḗn",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πύνδαξ",
"3": "",
"4": "bottom"
},
"expansion": "πύνδαξ (púndax, “bottom”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "बुध्न"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit बुध्न (budhna)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "بن",
"3": "",
"4": "root, bottom",
"tr": "bon"
},
"expansion": "Persian بن (bon, “root, bottom”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πυθμήν",
"3": "",
"4": "bottom"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πυθμήν (puthmḗn, “bottom”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "botm"
},
"expansion": "Old English botm",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bottom"
},
"expansion": "bottom",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *funðos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰ-(m)n-o-s, from *bʰudʰmḗn. Compare the similar treatment in Ancient Greek πύνδαξ (púndax, “bottom”). Cognates include Sanskrit बुध्न (budhna), Persian بن (bon, “root, bottom”), Ancient Greek πυθμήν (puthmḗn, “bottom”), and Old English botm (English bottom).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fundī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "fundus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fundī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fundī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fundōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fundō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fundīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fundum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fundōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fundō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fundīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "funde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "fundī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fundus<2>"
},
"expansion": "fundus m (genitive fundī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fundus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fundāmen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fundāmentum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fundātiō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fundātor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fundātus"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 20 20 24 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bottom"
],
"id": "en-fundus-la-noun-vpt2B-Bw",
"links": [
[
"bottom",
"bottom"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 58 6 22 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 20 24 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"farm, piece of land, estate, demesne"
],
"id": "en-fundus-la-noun-E8bUc~gv",
"links": [
[
"farm",
"farm"
],
[
"land",
"land"
],
[
"estate",
"estate"
],
[
"demesne",
"demesne"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 20 20 24 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ground"
],
"id": "en-fundus-la-noun-27O1DlnH",
"links": [
[
"ground",
"ground"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 20 20 24 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"foundation"
],
"id": "en-fundus-la-noun-K9i3sNg-",
"links": [
[
"foundation",
"foundation"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 20 20 24 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an authority"
],
"id": "en-fundus-la-noun-PmHJZoF9",
"links": [
[
"authority",
"authority"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfun.dus/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈfʊn̪d̪ʊs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfun.dus/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈfun̪d̪us]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "fundus"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *bʰudʰmḗn",
"English undefined derivations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "fundectomy"
},
{
"word": "fundic"
},
{
"word": "fundusectomy"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰudʰmḗn"
},
"expansion": "*bʰudʰmḗn",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bʰudʰmḗn"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *bʰudʰmḗn",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "fundus",
"4": "",
"5": "bottom"
},
"expansion": "Latin fundus (“bottom”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fond",
"3": "fund"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of fond and fund",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *bʰudʰmḗn\nFrom Latin fundus (“bottom”). Doublet of fond and fund.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fundi",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fundi"
},
"expansion": "fundus (plural fundi)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"The large, hollow part of an organ farthest from an opening; especially:",
"The top, hollow portion of the uterus."
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"organ",
"organ"
],
[
"opening",
"opening"
],
[
"uterus",
"uterus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) The large, hollow part of an organ farthest from an opening; especially:",
"The top, hollow portion of the uterus."
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"The large, hollow part of an organ farthest from an opening; especially:",
"The back, interior part of the eye, accommodating the retina and associated blood vessels, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"organ",
"organ"
],
[
"opening",
"opening"
],
[
"eye",
"eye"
],
[
"retina",
"retina"
],
[
"blood",
"blood"
],
[
"vessel",
"vessel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) The large, hollow part of an organ farthest from an opening; especially:",
"The back, interior part of the eye, accommodating the retina and associated blood vessels, etc."
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"The large, hollow part of an organ farthest from an opening; especially:",
"The uppermost hollow of the stomach, which in humans forms a bulge above where the oesophagus enters the stomach."
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"organ",
"organ"
],
[
"opening",
"opening"
],
[
"stomach",
"stomach"
],
[
"bulge",
"bulge"
],
[
"oesophagus",
"oesophagus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) The large, hollow part of an organ farthest from an opening; especially:",
"The uppermost hollow of the stomach, which in humans forms a bulge above where the oesophagus enters the stomach."
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"The large, hollow part of an organ farthest from an opening; especially:",
"The deepest part of a sulcus, such as of the sulci of the human cerebral cortex."
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"organ",
"organ"
],
[
"opening",
"opening"
],
[
"sulcus",
"sulcus"
],
[
"cerebral",
"cerebral"
],
[
"cortex",
"cortex"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) The large, hollow part of an organ farthest from an opening; especially:",
"The deepest part of a sulcus, such as of the sulci of the human cerebral cortex."
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yǎndǐ",
"sense": "of the eye",
"word": "眼底"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"fundus"
],
"word": "fundus"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "fundus",
"name": "eo-head"
}
],
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Esperanto entries with incorrect language header",
"Esperanto non-lemma forms",
"Esperanto verb forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "fundi"
}
],
"glosses": [
"conditional of fundi"
],
"links": [
[
"fundi",
"fundi#Esperanto"
]
],
"tags": [
"conditional",
"form-of"
]
}
],
"word": "fundus"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of \"bottom\"",
"word": "vertex"
}
],
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "adfundō"
},
{
"word": "*affundō"
},
{
"word": "funditus"
},
{
"word": "fundō"
},
{
"word": "fundulus"
},
{
"word": "profundus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balkan Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "fundu",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: fundu, afundu, fund",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: fundu, afundu, fund"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fund"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: fund",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: fund"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "fondo"
},
"expansion": "Italian: fondo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: fondo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "funnu"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: funnu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: funnu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Italian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "font",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: font, fonz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: font, fonz"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lld",
"2": "fond"
},
"expansion": "Ladin: fond",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ladin: fond"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lij",
"2": "fondo"
},
"expansion": "Ligurian: fondo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ligurian: fondo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lmo",
"2": "fond",
"3": "hond"
},
"expansion": "Lombard: fond, hond",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lombard: fond, hond"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "fons"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: fons",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: fons"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "fondo"
},
"expansion": "Venetian: fondo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetian: fondo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "fons"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: fons",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: fons"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old French:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fond"
},
"expansion": "French: fond",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "French: fond (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fund",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: fund",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: fund"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "fons"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: fons",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: fons"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eu",
"2": "funts",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Basque: funts",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Basque: funts"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ibero-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "fondu"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: fondu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: fondu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "fundo",
"3": "fondo"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: fundo, fondo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: fundo, fondo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fax",
"2": "fundu"
},
"expansion": "Fala: fundu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Fala: fundu"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "fundo",
"3": "fondo"
},
"expansion": "Galician: fundo, fondo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: fundo, fondo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "fundo"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: fundo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: fundo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "fondo"
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish: fondo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Spanish: fondo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "fondo",
"3": "hondo"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: fondo, hondo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: fondo, hondo"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ceb",
"2": "pundo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Cebuano: pundo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Cebuano: pundo"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eu",
"2": "hondo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Basque: hondo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Basque: hondo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Insular Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "fundhu",
"3": "fundu",
"4": "funnu"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian: fundhu, fundu, funnu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian: fundhu, fundu, funnu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "*affundāre"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin: *affundāre",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Vulgar Latin: *affundāre (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Borrowings:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "fund",
"alts": "1",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: fund, fun, funn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: fund, fun, funn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Fundus",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Fundus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Fundus"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "fundusz",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: fundusz (learned)\n→ Kashubian: fùndusz",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: fundusz (learned)\n→ Kashubian: fùndusz"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "fundo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: fundo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: fundo"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*funðos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *funðos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰudʰ-(m)n-o-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰ-(m)n-o-s",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰudʰmḗn"
},
"expansion": "*bʰudʰmḗn",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πύνδαξ",
"3": "",
"4": "bottom"
},
"expansion": "πύνδαξ (púndax, “bottom”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "बुध्न"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit बुध्न (budhna)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "بن",
"3": "",
"4": "root, bottom",
"tr": "bon"
},
"expansion": "Persian بن (bon, “root, bottom”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πυθμήν",
"3": "",
"4": "bottom"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πυθμήν (puthmḗn, “bottom”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "botm"
},
"expansion": "Old English botm",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bottom"
},
"expansion": "bottom",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *funðos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰ-(m)n-o-s, from *bʰudʰmḗn. Compare the similar treatment in Ancient Greek πύνδαξ (púndax, “bottom”). Cognates include Sanskrit बुध्न (budhna), Persian بن (bon, “root, bottom”), Ancient Greek πυθμήν (puthmḗn, “bottom”), and Old English botm (English bottom).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fundī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "fundus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fundī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fundī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fundōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fundō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fundīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fundum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fundōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fundō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fundīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "funde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "fundī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fundus<2>"
},
"expansion": "fundus m (genitive fundī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fundus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "fundāmen"
},
{
"word": "fundāmentum"
},
{
"word": "fundātiō"
},
{
"word": "fundātor"
},
{
"word": "fundātus"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bottom"
],
"links": [
[
"bottom",
"bottom"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"farm, piece of land, estate, demesne"
],
"links": [
[
"farm",
"farm"
],
[
"land",
"land"
],
[
"estate",
"estate"
],
[
"demesne",
"demesne"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ground"
],
"links": [
[
"ground",
"ground"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"foundation"
],
"links": [
[
"foundation",
"foundation"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"an authority"
],
"links": [
[
"authority",
"authority"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfun.dus/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈfʊn̪d̪ʊs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfun.dus/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈfun̪d̪us]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "fundus"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.