See fruma on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for fruma meaning in All languages combined (12.3kB)
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "romanization",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "fruma",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "fruma",
"name": "got-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Gothic",
"lang_code": "got",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "𐍆𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌰"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Gothic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Gothic romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of 𐍆𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌰"
],
"id": "en-fruma-got-romanization-RQedCeXm",
"links": [
[
"𐍆𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌰",
"𐍆𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌰#Gothic"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "fruma"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "frumu",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumur",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "is-decl-noun-f-w1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "fruma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fruman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumur",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumurnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumuna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumur",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumurnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumunni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumunnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumnanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"10": "",
"11": "nominative plural",
"12": "frumur",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "genitive singular",
"4": "frumu",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "fruma f (genitive singular frumu, nominative plural frumur)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "frumu",
"3": "frumur"
},
"expansion": "fruma f (genitive singular frumu, nominative plural frumur)",
"name": "is-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "u",
"3": "m",
"n": "n"
},
"name": "is-decl-noun-f-w1"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f-w1",
"accp": "frumur",
"accpd": "frumurnar",
"accs": "frumu",
"accsd": "frumuna",
"datp": "frumum",
"datpd": "frumunum",
"dats": "frumu",
"datsd": "frumunni",
"def": "{{{def}}}",
"genp": "frumna",
"genpd": "frumnanna",
"gens": "frumu",
"gensd": "frumunnar",
"indef": "{{{indef}}}",
"nomp": "frumur",
"nompd": "frumurnar",
"noms": "fruma",
"nomsd": "fruman",
"pl": "{{{pl}}}",
"sg": "{{{sg}}}"
},
"name": "is-decl-noun-base"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f-w1",
"accp": "frumur",
"accpd": "frumurnar",
"accs": "frumu",
"accsd": "frumuna",
"datp": "frumum",
"datpd": "frumunum",
"dats": "frumu",
"datsd": "frumunni",
"genp": "frumna",
"genpd": "frumnanna",
"gens": "frumu",
"gensd": "frumunnar",
"nomp": "frumur",
"nompd": "frumurnar",
"noms": "fruma",
"nomsd": "fruman"
},
"name": "is-decl-noun-base/sgpl"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "is",
"name": "Biology",
"orig": "is:Biology",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "blóðfruma"
},
{
"word": "eggfruma"
},
{
"word": "eitilfruma"
},
{
"word": "frumufræði"
},
{
"word": "frumulíffæri"
},
{
"word": "frumuveggur"
},
{
"word": "heilafruma"
},
{
"word": "sáðfruma"
},
{
"word": "stofnfruma"
},
{
"word": "okfruma"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a cell"
],
"id": "en-fruma-is-noun-T126LxJn",
"links": [
[
"biology",
"biology"
],
[
"cell",
"cell"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(biology) a cell"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences"
],
"wikipedia": [
"is:fruma"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfrʏːma/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʏːma"
}
],
"word": "fruma"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "dǣdfruma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frumbearn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frumbierdling"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frumbyrd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frumcenned"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frumcnēow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frumcynn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frumgār"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frumhræġl"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frumhīwung"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frumieldo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frumlēoht"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frumlīehtan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frumlīċ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frumrǣd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frumrīpan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frumstemn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frumstōl"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frumsċeaft"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frumsċeatt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frumsċieppend"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frumsċyld"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frumtalu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frumtīd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frumweorc"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frumwyrhta"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frumwīfung"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frumċierr"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frumġesċeap"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frumġewrit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "frumġield"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "hildfruma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "landfruma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "lēodfruma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "lēohtfruma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "līffruma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ordfruma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tīrfruma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "wīġfruma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ēadfruma"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "frume",
"3": "frome"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: frume, frome",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: frume, frome"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*frumô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *frumô",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*fur-"
},
"expansion": "*fur-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*fr-"
},
"expansion": "*fr-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "for"
},
"expansion": "Old English for",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "for-"
},
"expansion": "for-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-umô"
},
"expansion": "*-umô",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍆𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌰"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍆𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌰 (fruma)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "prīmus"
},
"expansion": "Latin prīmus",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *frumô, from the stem *fur-, *fr- (Old English for, for-) + the rarer comparative suffix *-umô. Cognate with Gothic 𐍆𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌰 (fruma), Latin prīmus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fruman",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-n-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "fruma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fruman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fruman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fruman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fruman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fruman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "nominative plural",
"4": "fruman",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "fruma m (nominative plural fruman)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "fruman"
},
"expansion": "fruma m (nominative plural fruman)",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frum"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-n-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fruma",
"2": "fruman",
"3": "fruman",
"4": "fruman",
"5": "fruman",
"6": "frumena",
"7": "fruman",
"8": "frumum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "weak"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Beowulf wæs se fruma egeslíc / léodum on lande (...)",
"text": "This beginning was terrible for people in the land (...)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beginning, origin"
],
"id": "en-fruma-ang-noun-FUn4cWAp",
"links": [
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
],
[
"origin",
"origin"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Then was the golden hilt to the old king / the old battle-leader given into his hand / the ancient work of giants",
"text": "Beowulf\nwine Scyldinga / léof landfruma lange áhte\nfriend of the Scyldings / beloved ruler of the land had ruled for a long time\nÐá wæs gyldenhilt gamelum rince / hárum hildfruman on hand gyfen / enta aérgeweorc",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"prince, king, chief, ruler. Often used in compounds"
],
"id": "en-fruma-ang-noun-nbWNgCIy",
"links": [
[
"prince",
"prince"
],
[
"king",
"king"
],
[
"chief",
"chief"
],
[
"ruler",
"ruler"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 24 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"originator, inventor, creator"
],
"id": "en-fruma-ang-noun-KoA9dpFN",
"links": [
[
"originator",
"originator"
],
[
"inventor",
"inventor"
],
[
"creator",
"creator"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfru.mɑ/"
}
],
"word": "fruma"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "vrome",
"3": "vrume"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: vrome, vrume",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: vrome, vrume"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Fromme"
},
"expansion": "German: Fromme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Fromme"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "vrume",
"der": "1",
"pos": "adjective",
"t": "firm, upright"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle High German: vrume (“firm, upright”, adjective)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle High German: vrume (“firm, upright”, adjective)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "fromm"
},
"expansion": "German: fromm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: fromm"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "פֿרום"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: פֿרום (frum)\n→ English: frum, frummer",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: פֿרום (frum)\n→ English: frum, frummer"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*frumô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *frumô",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *frumô.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "fruma f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "fruma f",
"name": "goh-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old High German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"benefit"
],
"id": "en-fruma-goh-noun-6XRpYZwN",
"links": [
[
"benefit",
"benefit"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "froma"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "fruma"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "romanization",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "fruma",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "fruma",
"name": "got-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Gothic",
"lang_code": "got",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "𐍆𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌰"
}
],
"categories": [
"Gothic entries with incorrect language header",
"Gothic non-lemma forms",
"Gothic romanizations"
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of 𐍆𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌰"
],
"links": [
[
"𐍆𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌰",
"𐍆𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌰#Gothic"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "fruma"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "blóðfruma"
},
{
"word": "eggfruma"
},
{
"word": "eitilfruma"
},
{
"word": "frumufræði"
},
{
"word": "frumulíffæri"
},
{
"word": "frumuveggur"
},
{
"word": "heilafruma"
},
{
"word": "sáðfruma"
},
{
"word": "stofnfruma"
},
{
"word": "okfruma"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "frumu",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumur",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "is-decl-noun-f-w1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "fruma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fruman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumur",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumurnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumuna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumur",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumurnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumunni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumunnar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frumnanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"10": "",
"11": "nominative plural",
"12": "frumur",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "genitive singular",
"4": "frumu",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "fruma f (genitive singular frumu, nominative plural frumur)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "frumu",
"3": "frumur"
},
"expansion": "fruma f (genitive singular frumu, nominative plural frumur)",
"name": "is-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "u",
"3": "m",
"n": "n"
},
"name": "is-decl-noun-f-w1"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f-w1",
"accp": "frumur",
"accpd": "frumurnar",
"accs": "frumu",
"accsd": "frumuna",
"datp": "frumum",
"datpd": "frumunum",
"dats": "frumu",
"datsd": "frumunni",
"def": "{{{def}}}",
"genp": "frumna",
"genpd": "frumnanna",
"gens": "frumu",
"gensd": "frumunnar",
"indef": "{{{indef}}}",
"nomp": "frumur",
"nompd": "frumurnar",
"noms": "fruma",
"nomsd": "fruman",
"pl": "{{{pl}}}",
"sg": "{{{sg}}}"
},
"name": "is-decl-noun-base"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f-w1",
"accp": "frumur",
"accpd": "frumurnar",
"accs": "frumu",
"accsd": "frumuna",
"datp": "frumum",
"datpd": "frumunum",
"dats": "frumu",
"datsd": "frumunni",
"genp": "frumna",
"genpd": "frumnanna",
"gens": "frumu",
"gensd": "frumunnar",
"nomp": "frumur",
"nompd": "frumurnar",
"noms": "fruma",
"nomsd": "fruman"
},
"name": "is-decl-noun-base/sgpl"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic 2-syllable words",
"Icelandic countable nouns",
"Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"Icelandic feminine nouns",
"Icelandic lemmas",
"Icelandic nouns",
"Icelandic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Icelandic/ʏːma",
"Rhymes:Icelandic/ʏːma/2 syllables",
"is:Biology"
],
"glosses": [
"a cell"
],
"links": [
[
"biology",
"biology"
],
[
"cell",
"cell"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(biology) a cell"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences"
],
"wikipedia": [
"is:fruma"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfrʏːma/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʏːma"
}
],
"word": "fruma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English masculine n-stem nouns",
"Old English masculine nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dǣdfruma"
},
{
"word": "frumbearn"
},
{
"word": "frumbierdling"
},
{
"word": "frumbyrd"
},
{
"word": "frumcenned"
},
{
"word": "frumcnēow"
},
{
"word": "frumcynn"
},
{
"word": "frumgār"
},
{
"word": "frumhræġl"
},
{
"word": "frumhīwung"
},
{
"word": "frumieldo"
},
{
"word": "frumlēoht"
},
{
"word": "frumlīehtan"
},
{
"word": "frumlīċ"
},
{
"word": "frumrǣd"
},
{
"word": "frumrīpan"
},
{
"word": "frumstemn"
},
{
"word": "frumstōl"
},
{
"word": "frumsċeaft"
},
{
"word": "frumsċeatt"
},
{
"word": "frumsċieppend"
},
{
"word": "frumsċyld"
},
{
"word": "frumtalu"
},
{
"word": "frumtīd"
},
{
"word": "frumweorc"
},
{
"word": "frumwyrhta"
},
{
"word": "frumwīfung"
},
{
"word": "frumċierr"
},
{
"word": "frumġesċeap"
},
{
"word": "frumġewrit"
},
{
"word": "frumġield"
},
{
"word": "hildfruma"
},
{
"word": "landfruma"
},
{
"word": "lēodfruma"
},
{
"word": "lēohtfruma"
},
{
"word": "līffruma"
},
{
"word": "ordfruma"
},
{
"word": "tīrfruma"
},
{
"word": "wīġfruma"
},
{
"word": "ēadfruma"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "frume",
"3": "frome"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: frume, frome",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: frume, frome"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*frumô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *frumô",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*fur-"
},
"expansion": "*fur-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*fr-"
},
"expansion": "*fr-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "for"
},
"expansion": "Old English for",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "for-"
},
"expansion": "for-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-umô"
},
"expansion": "*-umô",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍆𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌰"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍆𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌰 (fruma)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "prīmus"
},
"expansion": "Latin prīmus",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *frumô, from the stem *fur-, *fr- (Old English for, for-) + the rarer comparative suffix *-umô. Cognate with Gothic 𐍆𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌰 (fruma), Latin prīmus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fruman",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-n-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "fruma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fruman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fruman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fruman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fruman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fruman",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frumum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "nominative plural",
"4": "fruman",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "fruma m (nominative plural fruman)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "fruman"
},
"expansion": "fruma m (nominative plural fruman)",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frum"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-n-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fruma",
"2": "fruman",
"3": "fruman",
"4": "fruman",
"5": "fruman",
"6": "frumena",
"7": "fruman",
"8": "frumum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "weak"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Beowulf wæs se fruma egeslíc / léodum on lande (...)",
"text": "This beginning was terrible for people in the land (...)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beginning, origin"
],
"links": [
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
],
[
"origin",
"origin"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Then was the golden hilt to the old king / the old battle-leader given into his hand / the ancient work of giants",
"text": "Beowulf\nwine Scyldinga / léof landfruma lange áhte\nfriend of the Scyldings / beloved ruler of the land had ruled for a long time\nÐá wæs gyldenhilt gamelum rince / hárum hildfruman on hand gyfen / enta aérgeweorc",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"prince, king, chief, ruler. Often used in compounds"
],
"links": [
[
"prince",
"prince"
],
[
"king",
"king"
],
[
"chief",
"chief"
],
[
"ruler",
"ruler"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"originator, inventor, creator"
],
"links": [
[
"originator",
"originator"
],
[
"inventor",
"inventor"
],
[
"creator",
"creator"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfru.mɑ/"
}
],
"word": "fruma"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "vrome",
"3": "vrume"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: vrome, vrume",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: vrome, vrume"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Fromme"
},
"expansion": "German: Fromme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Fromme"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "vrume",
"der": "1",
"pos": "adjective",
"t": "firm, upright"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle High German: vrume (“firm, upright”, adjective)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle High German: vrume (“firm, upright”, adjective)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "fromm"
},
"expansion": "German: fromm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: fromm"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "פֿרום"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: פֿרום (frum)\n→ English: frum, frummer",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: פֿרום (frum)\n→ English: frum, frummer"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*frumô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *frumô",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *frumô.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "fruma f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "fruma f",
"name": "goh-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old High German entries with incorrect language header",
"Old High German feminine nouns",
"Old High German lemmas",
"Old High German nouns",
"Old High German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old High German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic"
],
"glosses": [
"benefit"
],
"links": [
[
"benefit",
"benefit"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "froma"
}
],
"word": "fruma"
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Icelandic]; cleaned text: f-w1",
"path": [
"fruma"
],
"section": "Icelandic",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "fruma",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.