See frith- on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "friofac"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frith-chuaranfa"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithagóid"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "fritháireamh"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "fritháirigh"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithbhuille"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithchatóid"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithcheilg"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithchiallach"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithchioclón"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithchléireach"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithchomhairle"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithchosc"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithchosúil"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithchothromaíocht"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithchúiseamh"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithchur"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithdhearbhú"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithdhílse"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithdhleathacht"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithdhúnadh"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithéasc"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithfhillteach"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithghaoth"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithgheall"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithghealltanas"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithghiniúint"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithghiniúnach"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithghníomh"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithghob"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithghoin"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithghreannach"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithiontráil"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithloighceacht"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithluail"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithlúbthacht"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithmhúr"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithráigh"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithshá"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithsheasmhach"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithsheasmhacht"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithsheipteach"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithsheipteán"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithsheiptigh"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithsheol"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithshóisialta"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithshruth"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithshuigh"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithspréigh"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "frithstróf"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "fritonn"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "fritoradh"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "fritreo"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "fritreomhar"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"word": "na fritíortha"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wert-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "sga",
"3": "frith-",
"4": "",
"5": "counter-, beside, against"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish frith- (“counter-, beside, against”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*writ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *writ-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wrth"
},
"expansion": "Welsh wrth",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wert-",
"4": "",
"5": "to turn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to turn”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "versus",
"3": "",
"4": "against"
},
"expansion": "Latin versus (“against”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Irish frith- (“counter-, beside, against”), from the verbal nouns of Old Irish verbs like fris·beir, fris·aicci, fris·indlea with the initial preverb fri, from Proto-Celtic *writ- (compare Welsh wrth, prefix gwrth-), from the zero grade of Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to turn”) (compare Latin versus (“against”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "frith-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "fhrith-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "bhfrith-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "fri-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "frith-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ga-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"anti-, counter-"
],
"id": "en-frith--ga-prefix-Gqe-cniu",
"links": [
[
"anti-",
"anti-"
],
[
"counter-",
"counter-"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "anta-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"back"
],
"id": "en-frith--ga-prefix-PEgjRvN1",
"links": [
[
"back",
"back"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cúl-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "frith-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "frith-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: frith-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: frith-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "frith-"
},
"expansion": "Irish: frith-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: frith-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "frith-"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: frith-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: frith-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wert-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*writ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *writ-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wrth"
},
"expansion": "Welsh wrth",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wert-",
"4": "",
"5": "to turn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to turn”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "versus",
"3": "",
"4": "against"
},
"expansion": "Latin versus (“against”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *writ- (compare Welsh wrth, prefix gwrth-), from the zero grade of Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to turn”) (compare Latin versus (“against”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fris-",
"tags": [
"pretonic"
]
},
{
"form": "fre-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fri-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fris-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fres-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "prefix",
"3": "pretonic",
"4": "fris-"
},
"expansion": "frith- (pretonic fris-)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fris-"
},
"expansion": "frith- (pretonic fris-)",
"name": "sga-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "12 0 88 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 0 82 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 0 75 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"counter-, beside, against"
],
"id": "en-frith--sga-prefix-6iygfc39",
"links": [
[
"counter-",
"counter-"
],
[
"beside",
"beside"
],
[
"against",
"against"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɸʲrʲiθʲ]"
}
],
"word": "frith-"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish Gaelic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From frith.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l-self",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "frith",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "fhrith",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "frith-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"by-, sub-"
],
"id": "en-frith--gd-prefix-ph6tMBqa",
"links": [
[
"by-",
"by-"
],
[
"sub-",
"sub-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"counter-"
],
"id": "en-frith--gd-prefix-kgaqOdtr",
"links": [
[
"counter-",
"counter-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "frith-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Irish lemmas",
"Irish prefixes",
"Irish terms derived from Old Irish",
"Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wert-",
"Irish terms inherited from Old Irish",
"Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "friofac"
},
{
"word": "frith-chuaranfa"
},
{
"word": "frithagóid"
},
{
"word": "fritháireamh"
},
{
"word": "fritháirigh"
},
{
"word": "frithbhuille"
},
{
"word": "frithchatóid"
},
{
"word": "frithcheilg"
},
{
"word": "frithchiallach"
},
{
"word": "frithchioclón"
},
{
"word": "frithchléireach"
},
{
"word": "frithchomhairle"
},
{
"word": "frithchosc"
},
{
"word": "frithchosúil"
},
{
"word": "frithchothromaíocht"
},
{
"word": "frithchúiseamh"
},
{
"word": "frithchur"
},
{
"word": "frithdhearbhú"
},
{
"word": "frithdhílse"
},
{
"word": "frithdhleathacht"
},
{
"word": "frithdhúnadh"
},
{
"word": "frithéasc"
},
{
"word": "frithfhillteach"
},
{
"word": "frithghaoth"
},
{
"word": "frithgheall"
},
{
"word": "frithghealltanas"
},
{
"word": "frithghiniúint"
},
{
"word": "frithghiniúnach"
},
{
"word": "frithghníomh"
},
{
"word": "frithghob"
},
{
"word": "frithghoin"
},
{
"word": "frithghreannach"
},
{
"word": "frithiontráil"
},
{
"word": "frithloighceacht"
},
{
"word": "frithluail"
},
{
"word": "frithlúbthacht"
},
{
"word": "frithmhúr"
},
{
"word": "frithráigh"
},
{
"word": "frithshá"
},
{
"word": "frithsheasmhach"
},
{
"word": "frithsheasmhacht"
},
{
"word": "frithsheipteach"
},
{
"word": "frithsheipteán"
},
{
"word": "frithsheiptigh"
},
{
"word": "frithsheol"
},
{
"word": "frithshóisialta"
},
{
"word": "frithshruth"
},
{
"word": "frithshuigh"
},
{
"word": "frithspréigh"
},
{
"word": "frithstróf"
},
{
"word": "fritonn"
},
{
"word": "fritoradh"
},
{
"word": "fritreo"
},
{
"word": "fritreomhar"
},
{
"word": "na fritíortha"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wert-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "sga",
"3": "frith-",
"4": "",
"5": "counter-, beside, against"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish frith- (“counter-, beside, against”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*writ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *writ-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wrth"
},
"expansion": "Welsh wrth",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wert-",
"4": "",
"5": "to turn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to turn”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "versus",
"3": "",
"4": "against"
},
"expansion": "Latin versus (“against”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Irish frith- (“counter-, beside, against”), from the verbal nouns of Old Irish verbs like fris·beir, fris·aicci, fris·indlea with the initial preverb fri, from Proto-Celtic *writ- (compare Welsh wrth, prefix gwrth-), from the zero grade of Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to turn”) (compare Latin versus (“against”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "frith-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "fhrith-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "bhfrith-",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "fri-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
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"expansion": "frith-",
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}
],
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{
"args": {},
"name": "ga-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"anti-, counter-"
],
"links": [
[
"anti-",
"anti-"
],
[
"counter-",
"counter-"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "anta-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"back"
],
"links": [
[
"back",
"back"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cúl-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "frith-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "frith-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: frith-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: frith-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "frith-"
},
"expansion": "Irish: frith-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: frith-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "frith-"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: frith-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: frith-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wert-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*writ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *writ-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wrth"
},
"expansion": "Welsh wrth",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wert-",
"4": "",
"5": "to turn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to turn”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "versus",
"3": "",
"4": "against"
},
"expansion": "Latin versus (“against”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *writ- (compare Welsh wrth, prefix gwrth-), from the zero grade of Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to turn”) (compare Latin versus (“against”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fris-",
"tags": [
"pretonic"
]
},
{
"form": "fre-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fri-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fris-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "fres-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "prefix",
"3": "pretonic",
"4": "fris-"
},
"expansion": "frith- (pretonic fris-)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fris-"
},
"expansion": "frith- (pretonic fris-)",
"name": "sga-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish prefixes",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wert-",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"counter-, beside, against"
],
"links": [
[
"counter-",
"counter-"
],
[
"beside",
"beside"
],
[
"against",
"against"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɸʲrʲiθʲ]"
}
],
"word": "frith-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Scottish Gaelic entries with incorrect language header",
"Scottish Gaelic lemmas",
"Scottish Gaelic prefixes"
],
"etymology_text": "From frith.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l-self",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "frith",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "fhrith",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "frith-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"by-, sub-"
],
"links": [
[
"by-",
"by-"
],
[
"sub-",
"sub-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"counter-"
],
"links": [
[
"counter-",
"counter-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "frith-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for frith- meaning in All languages combined (7.1kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: frith-/Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"frith-"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "frith-",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'lenition'",
"path": [
"frith-"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "frith-",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'eclipsis'",
"path": [
"frith-"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "frith-",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: frith-/Scottish Gaelic 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"frith-"
],
"section": "Scottish Gaelic",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "frith-",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'lenition'",
"path": [
"frith-"
],
"section": "Scottish Gaelic",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "frith-",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-20 using wiktextract (4eaa824 and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.