See fonkelen on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for fonkelen meaning in All languages combined (7.0kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "vonken",
"3": "-elen",
"pos2": "iterative suffix",
"t1": "to spark"
},
"expansion": "vonken (“to spark”) + -elen (iterative suffix)",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "",
"3": "voncklen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch voncklen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "de",
"3": "funkeln",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "calque of German funkeln",
"name": "cal"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Later 18th century, equivalent to vonken (“to spark”) + -elen (iterative suffix). A singularly attested Middle Dutch voncklen (15th c.) seems to have had no continuation. The comparatively late Dutch attestations (some of which in German-influenced texts) make a calque of German funkeln likely. The f- may also be due to the same reason, although this is not certain as the v-form is the older one in Dutch.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-wk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkel",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelt",
"source": "inflection",
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"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelt",
"source": "inflection",
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"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkele",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkel",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelend",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gefonkeld",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "fonkelen",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fonkel"
},
"name": "nl-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch terms suffixed with -elen",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to twinkle, sparkle"
],
"id": "en-fonkelen-nl-verb-PY1qx12b",
"links": [
[
"twinkle",
"twinkle"
],
[
"sparkle",
"sparkle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to twinkle, sparkle"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "vonk"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"uncommon"
],
"word": "vonkelen"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɔŋkələ(n)/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔŋkələn"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-fonkelen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8f/Nl-fonkelen.ogg/Nl-fonkelen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Nl-fonkelen.ogg"
}
],
"word": "fonkelen"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "fonkelt",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gefonkelt",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hunn",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lb-conj-regular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gefonkelt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "hunn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkels",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkel",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "n",
"source": "conjugation"
},
{
"form": "indicates the Eifeler Regel.",
"source": "conjugation"
},
{
"form": "nn indicates the Eifeler Regel.",
"source": "conjugation"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "fonkelen (third-person singular present fonkelt, past participle gefonkelt, auxiliary verb hunn)",
"name": "lb-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fonkel",
"2": "gefonkelt",
"3": "hunn"
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],
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
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"kind": "other",
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},
{
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}
],
"glosses": [
"to sparkle"
],
"id": "en-fonkelen-lb-verb-dOR31kN6",
"links": [
[
"sparkle",
"sparkle"
]
]
}
],
"word": "fonkelen"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "vonken",
"3": "-elen",
"pos2": "iterative suffix",
"t1": "to spark"
},
"expansion": "vonken (“to spark”) + -elen (iterative suffix)",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "",
"3": "voncklen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch voncklen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "de",
"3": "funkeln",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "calque of German funkeln",
"name": "cal"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Later 18th century, equivalent to vonken (“to spark”) + -elen (iterative suffix). A singularly attested Middle Dutch voncklen (15th c.) seems to have had no continuation. The comparatively late Dutch attestations (some of which in German-influenced texts) make a calque of German funkeln likely. The f- may also be due to the same reason, although this is not certain as the v-form is the older one in Dutch.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-wk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkel",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkele",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelde",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkel",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelend",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gefonkeld",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "fonkelen",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
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{
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"1": "fonkel"
},
"name": "nl-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "vonk"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch basic verbs",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch intransitive verbs",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch terms calqued from German",
"Dutch terms derived from German",
"Dutch terms suffixed with -elen",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Dutch verbs",
"Dutch weak verbs",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɔŋkələn",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɔŋkələn/3 syllables"
],
"glosses": [
"to twinkle, sparkle"
],
"links": [
[
"twinkle",
"twinkle"
],
[
"sparkle",
"sparkle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to twinkle, sparkle"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɔŋkələ(n)/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔŋkələn"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-fonkelen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8f/Nl-fonkelen.ogg/Nl-fonkelen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Nl-fonkelen.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"uncommon"
],
"word": "vonkelen"
}
],
"word": "fonkelen"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "fonkelt",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gefonkelt",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "hunn",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lb-conj-regular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gefonkelt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "hunn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkels",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkel",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fonkelen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "n",
"source": "conjugation"
},
{
"form": "indicates the Eifeler Regel.",
"source": "conjugation"
},
{
"form": "nn indicates the Eifeler Regel.",
"source": "conjugation"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "fonkelen (third-person singular present fonkelt, past participle gefonkelt, auxiliary verb hunn)",
"name": "lb-verb"
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "fonkel",
"2": "gefonkelt",
"3": "hunn"
},
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}
],
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Luxembourgish entries with incorrect language header",
"Luxembourgish lemmas",
"Luxembourgish verbs",
"Luxembourgish verbs using hunn as auxiliary"
],
"glosses": [
"to sparkle"
],
"links": [
[
"sparkle",
"sparkle"
]
]
}
],
"word": "fonkelen"
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for n",
"path": [
"fonkelen"
],
"section": "Luxembourgish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "fonkelen",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for indicates the Eifeler Regel.",
"path": [
"fonkelen"
],
"section": "Luxembourgish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "fonkelen",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for nn indicates the Eifeler Regel.",
"path": [
"fonkelen"
],
"section": "Luxembourgish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "fonkelen",
"trace": ""
}
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