See filum on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "fīlum",
"4": "",
"5": "thread"
},
"expansion": "Latin fīlum (“thread”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "file"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of file",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin fīlum (“thread”). Doublet of file.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fila",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fila"
},
"expansion": "filum (plural fila)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "en:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"All topics",
"Health",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a filamentous anatomical structure"
],
"id": "en-filum-en-noun-pnWoG0zG",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"filament",
"filament"
],
[
"anatomical",
"anatomical"
],
[
"structure",
"structure"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) a filamentous anatomical structure"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfaɪləm/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-filum.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/27/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-filum.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-filum.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/27/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-filum.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-filum.wav.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "phylum"
}
],
"word": "filum"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "filumku",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "filummu",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "filumnya",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "filum (first-person possessive filumku, second-person possessive filummu, third-person possessive filumnya)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "id",
"name": "Taxonomy",
"orig": "id:Taxonomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Evolutionary theory",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"phylum: A rank in the classification of organisms, below kingdom and above class; also called a divisio or a division, especially in describing plants; a taxon at that rank"
],
"id": "en-filum-id-noun-ELzaFovJ",
"links": [
[
"taxonomy",
"taxonomy"
],
[
"phylum",
"phylum"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(taxonomy) phylum: A rank in the classification of organisms, below kingdom and above class; also called a divisio or a division, especially in describing plants; a taxon at that rank"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"taxonomy"
]
}
],
"word": "filum"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "fīlō"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balkan Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "hir",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: hir",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: hir"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fir"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: fir",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: fir"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "fill",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: fill",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: fill"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "filu"
},
"expansion": "Corsican: filu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Corsican: filu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "filo",
"3": "fila"
},
"expansion": "Italian: filo, fila",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: filo, fila"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlm",
"2": "fil",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Dalmatian: fil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Dalmatian: fil"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "filu"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: filu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: filu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Italian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "fîl"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: fîl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: fîl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "fil"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: fil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: fil"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "fiło",
"3": "fil"
},
"expansion": "Venetian: fiło, fil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetian: fiło, fil"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "filo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Turkish: filo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Turkish: filo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frp",
"2": "fil"
},
"expansion": "Franco-Provençal: fil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Franco-Provençal: fil"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "fil"
},
"expansion": "Old French: fil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: fil"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fil"
},
"expansion": "French: fil",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "file",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ file",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "French: fil ⇒ file (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Occitano-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "fil",
"3": "fila"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: fil, fila",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: fil, fila"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "fil",
"3": "fila"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: fil, fila",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: fil, fila"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ibero-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "filu"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: filu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: filu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mwl",
"2": "filo"
},
"expansion": "Mirandese: filo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mirandese: filo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "fio"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: fio\nGalician: fío\nPortuguese: fio",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: fio\nGalician: fío\nPortuguese: fio"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "filo"
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish: filo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Spanish: filo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "filo",
"3": "hilo"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: filo, hilo",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: filo, hilo (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Insular Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "filu",
"3": "fiu",
"4": "ilu"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian: filu, fiu, ilu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian: filu, fiu, ilu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "filicella",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Vulgar Latin: filicella",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Vulgar Latin: filicella"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ficelle"
},
"expansion": "French: ficelle",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: ficelle"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "filsela",
"3": "fissela"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: filsela, fissela",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: filsela, fissela"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Borrowings:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "filum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: filum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: filum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*fī(s)lom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *fī(s)lom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷʰiH-(s-)lo-",
"t": "sinew"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰiH-(s-)lo- (“sinew”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gysla",
"t": "vein; thread; nerve"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian gysla (“vein; thread; nerve”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*žìla",
"t": "vein; sinew"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *žìla (“vein; sinew”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ջիլ",
"t": "sinew"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian ջիլ (ǰil, “sinew”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ज्या",
"t": "bowstring"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit ज्या (jyā, “bowstring”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "gïau",
"t": "sinews"
},
"expansion": "Welsh gïau (“sinews”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *fī(s)lom, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰiH-(s-)lo- (“sinew”). Cognate with Lithuanian gysla (“vein; thread; nerve”), Proto-Slavic *žìla (“vein; sinew”), Old Armenian ջիլ (ǰil, “sinew”), Sanskrit ज्या (jyā, “bowstring”), Welsh gïau (“sinews”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fīlum",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "fīlī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "fīlum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fīla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fīlī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fīlōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fīlō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fīlīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fīlum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fīla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fīlō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fīlīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fīlum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "fīla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fīlum<2>"
},
"expansion": "fīlum n (genitive fīlī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fīlum<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 38 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 35 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 41 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 41 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"thread, string, filament, fiber"
],
"id": "en-filum-la-noun-MjvSwIL3",
"links": [
[
"thread",
"thread"
],
[
"string",
"string"
],
[
"filament",
"filament"
],
[
"fiber",
"fiber"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 38 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 35 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 41 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 41 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"texture, style, nature"
],
"id": "en-filum-la-noun-HkGpao3p",
"links": [
[
"texture",
"texture"
],
[
"style",
"style"
],
[
"nature",
"nature"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 38 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 35 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 41 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 41 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wick of a lamp"
],
"id": "en-filum-la-noun-IXAY7ZA9",
"links": [
[
"wick",
"wick"
],
[
"lamp",
"lamp"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mergulus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfiː.lum/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈfiːɫ̪ʊ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfi.lum/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈfiːlum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "filum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "phylum"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French phylum",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French phylum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "filumuri",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-n-uri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "filum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "un filum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "filumul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "filumuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niște filumuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "filumurile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "filum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "unui filum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "filumului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "filumuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "unor filumuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "filumurilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "filumule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "filumurilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "filumuri"
},
"expansion": "filum n (plural filumuri)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n",
"gpd": "filumurilor",
"gpi": "filumuri",
"gsd": "filumului",
"gsi": "filum",
"n": "",
"npd": "filumurile",
"npi": "filumuri",
"nsd": "filumul",
"nsi": "filum",
"vp": "filumurilor",
"vs": "filumule",
"vs2": ""
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ro",
"name": "Taxonomy",
"orig": "ro:Taxonomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Evolutionary theory",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"phylum"
],
"id": "en-filum-ro-noun-pjnlqBa8",
"links": [
[
"taxonomy",
"taxonomy"
],
[
"phylum",
"phylum"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(taxonomy) phylum"
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"taxonomy"
]
}
],
"word": "filum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "fīlum",
"4": "",
"5": "thread"
},
"expansion": "Latin fīlum (“thread”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "file"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of file",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin fīlum (“thread”). Doublet of file.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fila",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fila"
},
"expansion": "filum (plural fila)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms with homophones",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"en:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"a filamentous anatomical structure"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"filament",
"filament"
],
[
"anatomical",
"anatomical"
],
[
"structure",
"structure"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) a filamentous anatomical structure"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfaɪləm/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-filum.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/27/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-filum.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-filum.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/27/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-filum.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-filum.wav.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "phylum"
}
],
"word": "filum"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "filumku",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "filummu",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "filumnya",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "filum (first-person possessive filumku, second-person possessive filummu, third-person possessive filumnya)",
"name": "id-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian nouns",
"Indonesian terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for plural forms in Indonesian entries",
"id:Taxonomy"
],
"glosses": [
"phylum: A rank in the classification of organisms, below kingdom and above class; also called a divisio or a division, especially in describing plants; a taxon at that rank"
],
"links": [
[
"taxonomy",
"taxonomy"
],
[
"phylum",
"phylum"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(taxonomy) phylum: A rank in the classification of organisms, below kingdom and above class; also called a divisio or a division, especially in describing plants; a taxon at that rank"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"taxonomy"
]
}
],
"word": "filum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin neuter nouns",
"Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"Latin noun forms",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "fīlō"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balkan Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "hir",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: hir",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: hir"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fir"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: fir",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: fir"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "fill",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: fill",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: fill"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "filu"
},
"expansion": "Corsican: filu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Corsican: filu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "filo",
"3": "fila"
},
"expansion": "Italian: filo, fila",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: filo, fila"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlm",
"2": "fil",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Dalmatian: fil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Dalmatian: fil"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "filu"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: filu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: filu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Italian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "fîl"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: fîl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: fîl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "fil"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: fil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: fil"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "fiło",
"3": "fil"
},
"expansion": "Venetian: fiło, fil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetian: fiło, fil"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "filo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Turkish: filo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Turkish: filo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frp",
"2": "fil"
},
"expansion": "Franco-Provençal: fil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Franco-Provençal: fil"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "fil"
},
"expansion": "Old French: fil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: fil"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fil"
},
"expansion": "French: fil",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "file",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ file",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "French: fil ⇒ file (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Occitano-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "fil",
"3": "fila"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: fil, fila",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: fil, fila"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "fil",
"3": "fila"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: fil, fila",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: fil, fila"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ibero-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "filu"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: filu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: filu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mwl",
"2": "filo"
},
"expansion": "Mirandese: filo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mirandese: filo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "fio"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: fio\nGalician: fío\nPortuguese: fio",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: fio\nGalician: fío\nPortuguese: fio"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "filo"
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish: filo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Spanish: filo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "filo",
"3": "hilo"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: filo, hilo",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: filo, hilo (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Insular Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "filu",
"3": "fiu",
"4": "ilu"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian: filu, fiu, ilu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian: filu, fiu, ilu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "filicella",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Vulgar Latin: filicella",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Vulgar Latin: filicella"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ficelle"
},
"expansion": "French: ficelle",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: ficelle"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "filsela",
"3": "fissela"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: filsela, fissela",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: filsela, fissela"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Borrowings:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "filum",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: filum",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: filum"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*fī(s)lom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *fī(s)lom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷʰiH-(s-)lo-",
"t": "sinew"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰiH-(s-)lo- (“sinew”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gysla",
"t": "vein; thread; nerve"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian gysla (“vein; thread; nerve”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*žìla",
"t": "vein; sinew"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *žìla (“vein; sinew”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ջիլ",
"t": "sinew"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian ջիլ (ǰil, “sinew”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ज्या",
"t": "bowstring"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit ज्या (jyā, “bowstring”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "gïau",
"t": "sinews"
},
"expansion": "Welsh gïau (“sinews”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *fī(s)lom, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰiH-(s-)lo- (“sinew”). Cognate with Lithuanian gysla (“vein; thread; nerve”), Proto-Slavic *žìla (“vein; sinew”), Old Armenian ջիլ (ǰil, “sinew”), Sanskrit ज्या (jyā, “bowstring”), Welsh gïau (“sinews”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fīlum",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "fīlī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "fīlum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fīla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fīlī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fīlōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fīlō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fīlīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fīlum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fīla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fīlō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fīlīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fīlum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "fīla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fīlum<2>"
},
"expansion": "fīlum n (genitive fīlī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fīlum<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"thread, string, filament, fiber"
],
"links": [
[
"thread",
"thread"
],
[
"string",
"string"
],
[
"filament",
"filament"
],
[
"fiber",
"fiber"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"texture, style, nature"
],
"links": [
[
"texture",
"texture"
],
[
"style",
"style"
],
[
"nature",
"nature"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"wick of a lamp"
],
"links": [
[
"wick",
"wick"
],
[
"lamp",
"lamp"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mergulus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-2"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfiː.lum/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈfiːɫ̪ʊ̃ˑ]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfi.lum/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈfiːlum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "filum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "phylum"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French phylum",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French phylum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "filumuri",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-n-uri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "filum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "un filum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "filumul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "filumuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niște filumuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "filumurile",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "filum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "unui filum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "filumului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "filumuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "unor filumuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "filumurilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "filumule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "filumurilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "filumuri"
},
"expansion": "filum n (plural filumuri)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n",
"gpd": "filumurilor",
"gpi": "filumuri",
"gsd": "filumului",
"gsi": "filum",
"n": "",
"npd": "filumurile",
"npi": "filumuri",
"nsd": "filumul",
"nsi": "filum",
"vp": "filumurilor",
"vs": "filumule",
"vs2": ""
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Romanian countable nouns",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian neuter nouns",
"Romanian nouns",
"Romanian nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Romanian terms borrowed from French",
"Romanian terms derived from French",
"ro:Taxonomy"
],
"glosses": [
"phylum"
],
"links": [
[
"taxonomy",
"taxonomy"
],
[
"phylum",
"phylum"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(taxonomy) phylum"
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"taxonomy"
]
}
],
"word": "filum"
}
Download raw JSONL data for filum meaning in All languages combined (14.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.