"filum" meaning in Latin

See filum in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈfiː.lum/ [Classical-Latin], [ˈfiːɫ̪ʊ̃ˑ] [Classical-Latin], /ˈfi.lum/ (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical), [ˈfiːlum] (note: modern Italianate Ecclesiastical)
Etymology: From Proto-Italic *fī(s)lom, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰiH-(s-)lo- (“sinew”). Cognate with Lithuanian gysla (“vein; thread; nerve”), Proto-Slavic *žìla (“vein; sinew”), Old Armenian ջիլ (ǰil, “sinew”), Sanskrit ज्या (jyā, “bowstring”), Welsh gïau (“sinews”). Etymology templates: {{inh|la|itc-pro|*fī(s)lom}} Proto-Italic *fī(s)lom, {{der|la|ine-pro|*gʷʰiH-(s-)lo-|t=sinew}} Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰiH-(s-)lo- (“sinew”), {{cog|lt|gysla|t=vein; thread; nerve}} Lithuanian gysla (“vein; thread; nerve”), {{cog|sla-pro|*žìla|t=vein; sinew}} Proto-Slavic *žìla (“vein; sinew”), {{cog|xcl|ջիլ|t=sinew}} Old Armenian ջիլ (ǰil, “sinew”), {{cog|sa|ज्या|t=bowstring}} Sanskrit ज्या (jyā, “bowstring”), {{cog|cy|gïau|t=sinews}} Welsh gïau (“sinews”) Head templates: {{la-noun|fīlum<2>}} fīlum n (genitive fīlī); second declension Inflection templates: {{la-ndecl|fīlum<2>}} Forms: fīlum [canonical, neuter], fīlī [genitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], fīlum [nominative, singular], fīla [nominative, plural], fīlī [genitive, singular], fīlōrum [genitive, plural], fīlō [dative, singular], fīlīs [dative, plural], fīlum [accusative, singular], fīla [accusative, plural], fīlō [ablative, singular], fīlīs [ablative, plural], fīlum [singular, vocative], fīla [plural, vocative]
  1. thread, string, filament, fiber Tags: declension-2
    Sense id: en-filum-la-noun-MjvSwIL3 Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin neuter nouns in the second declension, Pages with 4 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 28 38 34 Disambiguation of Latin neuter nouns in the second declension: 34 35 32 Disambiguation of Pages with 4 entries: 25 41 34 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 26 41 33
  2. texture, style, nature Tags: declension-2
    Sense id: en-filum-la-noun-HkGpao3p Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin neuter nouns in the second declension, Pages with 4 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 28 38 34 Disambiguation of Latin neuter nouns in the second declension: 34 35 32 Disambiguation of Pages with 4 entries: 25 41 34 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 26 41 33
  3. wick of a lamp Tags: declension-2 Synonyms: mergulus
    Sense id: en-filum-la-noun-IXAY7ZA9 Categories (other): Latin entries with incorrect language header, Latin neuter nouns in the second declension, Pages with 4 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Latin entries with incorrect language header: 28 38 34 Disambiguation of Latin neuter nouns in the second declension: 34 35 32 Disambiguation of Pages with 4 entries: 25 41 34 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 26 41 33
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: fīlō
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "fīlō"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Balkan Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rup",
            "2": "hir",
            "alts": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Aromanian: hir, hjir, hiru",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Aromanian: hir, hjir, hiru"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "fir"
          },
          "expansion": "Romanian: fir",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Romanian: fir"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sq",
            "2": "fill",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Albanian: fill",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Albanian: fill"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Italo-Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "co",
            "2": "filu"
          },
          "expansion": "Corsican: filu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Corsican: filu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "filo",
            "3": "fila"
          },
          "expansion": "Italian: filo, fila",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Italian: filo, fila"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dlm",
            "2": "fil",
            "bor": "1",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→? Dalmatian: fil",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→? Dalmatian: fil"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "scn",
            "2": "filu"
          },
          "expansion": "Sicilian: filu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sicilian: filu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Italian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fur",
            "2": "fîl"
          },
          "expansion": "Friulian: fîl",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Friulian: fîl"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rm",
            "2": "fil"
          },
          "expansion": "Romansch: fil",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Romansch: fil"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vec",
            "2": "fiło",
            "3": "fil"
          },
          "expansion": "Venetan: fiło, fil",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Venetan: fiło, fil"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tr",
            "2": "filo",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Turkish: filo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Turkish: filo"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Gallo-Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "frp",
            "2": "fil"
          },
          "expansion": "Franco-Provençal: fil",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Franco-Provençal: fil"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "fil"
          },
          "expansion": "Old French: fil",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old French: fil"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "fil"
          },
          "expansion": "French: fil",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "file",
            "der": "1",
            "nolb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ file",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: fil ⇒ file (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Occitano-Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ca",
            "2": "fil",
            "3": "fila"
          },
          "expansion": "Catalan: fil, fila",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Catalan: fil, fila"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "oc",
            "2": "fil",
            "3": "fila"
          },
          "expansion": "Occitan: fil, fila",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Occitan: fil, fila"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Ibero-Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ast",
            "2": "filu"
          },
          "expansion": "Asturian: filu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Asturian: filu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mwl",
            "2": "filo"
          },
          "expansion": "Mirandese: filo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Mirandese: filo"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "roa-opt",
            "2": "fio"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: fio\nGalician: fío\nPortuguese: fio",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: fio\nGalician: fío\nPortuguese: fio"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osp",
            "2": "filo"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Spanish: filo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Spanish: filo"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "filo",
            "3": "hilo"
          },
          "expansion": "Spanish: filo, hilo",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Spanish: filo, hilo (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Insular Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sc",
            "2": "filu",
            "3": "fiu",
            "4": "ilu"
          },
          "expansion": "Sardinian: filu, fiu, ilu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sardinian: filu, fiu, ilu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "VL.",
            "2": "filicella",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Vulgar Latin: filicella",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Vulgar Latin: filicella"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "ficelle"
          },
          "expansion": "French: ficelle",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: ficelle"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pms",
            "2": "filsela",
            "3": "fissela"
          },
          "expansion": "Piedmontese: filsela, fissela",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Piedmontese: filsela, fissela"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Borrowings:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "filum",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: filum",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: filum"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*fī(s)lom"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *fī(s)lom",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʷʰiH-(s-)lo-",
        "t": "sinew"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰiH-(s-)lo- (“sinew”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "gysla",
        "t": "vein; thread; nerve"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian gysla (“vein; thread; nerve”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*žìla",
        "t": "vein; sinew"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *žìla (“vein; sinew”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ջիլ",
        "t": "sinew"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian ջիլ (ǰil, “sinew”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ज्या",
        "t": "bowstring"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit ज्या (jyā, “bowstring”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "gïau",
        "t": "sinews"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh gïau (“sinews”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *fī(s)lom, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰiH-(s-)lo- (“sinew”). Cognate with Lithuanian gysla (“vein; thread; nerve”), Proto-Slavic *žìla (“vein; sinew”), Old Armenian ջիլ (ǰil, “sinew”), Sanskrit ज्या (jyā, “bowstring”), Welsh gïau (“sinews”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "fīlum",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fīlī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fīlum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fīla",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fīlī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fīlōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fīlō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fīlīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fīlum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fīla",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fīlō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fīlīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fīlum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fīla",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fīlum<2>"
      },
      "expansion": "fīlum n (genitive fīlī); second declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fīlum<2>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "28 38 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 35 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 41 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 41 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "thread, string, filament, fiber"
      ],
      "id": "en-filum-la-noun-MjvSwIL3",
      "links": [
        [
          "thread",
          "thread"
        ],
        [
          "string",
          "string"
        ],
        [
          "filament",
          "filament"
        ],
        [
          "fiber",
          "fiber"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "28 38 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 35 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 41 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 41 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "texture, style, nature"
      ],
      "id": "en-filum-la-noun-HkGpao3p",
      "links": [
        [
          "texture",
          "texture"
        ],
        [
          "style",
          "style"
        ],
        [
          "nature",
          "nature"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "28 38 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 35 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 41 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 41 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "wick of a lamp"
      ],
      "id": "en-filum-la-noun-IXAY7ZA9",
      "links": [
        [
          "wick",
          "wick"
        ],
        [
          "lamp",
          "lamp"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "mergulus"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfiː.lum/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈfiːɫ̪ʊ̃ˑ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfi.lum/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈfiːlum]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "filum"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 2-syllable words",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin neuter nouns",
    "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
    "Latin noun forms",
    "Latin nouns",
    "Latin second declension nouns",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "fīlō"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Balkan Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rup",
            "2": "hir",
            "alts": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Aromanian: hir, hjir, hiru",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Aromanian: hir, hjir, hiru"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ro",
            "2": "fir"
          },
          "expansion": "Romanian: fir",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Romanian: fir"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sq",
            "2": "fill",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Albanian: fill",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Albanian: fill"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Italo-Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "co",
            "2": "filu"
          },
          "expansion": "Corsican: filu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Corsican: filu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "filo",
            "3": "fila"
          },
          "expansion": "Italian: filo, fila",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Italian: filo, fila"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dlm",
            "2": "fil",
            "bor": "1",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→? Dalmatian: fil",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→? Dalmatian: fil"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "scn",
            "2": "filu"
          },
          "expansion": "Sicilian: filu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sicilian: filu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Italian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fur",
            "2": "fîl"
          },
          "expansion": "Friulian: fîl",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Friulian: fîl"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rm",
            "2": "fil"
          },
          "expansion": "Romansch: fil",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Romansch: fil"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vec",
            "2": "fiło",
            "3": "fil"
          },
          "expansion": "Venetan: fiło, fil",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Venetan: fiło, fil"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tr",
            "2": "filo",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Turkish: filo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Turkish: filo"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Gallo-Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "frp",
            "2": "fil"
          },
          "expansion": "Franco-Provençal: fil",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Franco-Provençal: fil"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "fil"
          },
          "expansion": "Old French: fil",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old French: fil"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "fil"
          },
          "expansion": "French: fil",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "file",
            "der": "1",
            "nolb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ file",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: fil ⇒ file (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Occitano-Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ca",
            "2": "fil",
            "3": "fila"
          },
          "expansion": "Catalan: fil, fila",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Catalan: fil, fila"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "oc",
            "2": "fil",
            "3": "fila"
          },
          "expansion": "Occitan: fil, fila",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Occitan: fil, fila"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Ibero-Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ast",
            "2": "filu"
          },
          "expansion": "Asturian: filu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Asturian: filu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mwl",
            "2": "filo"
          },
          "expansion": "Mirandese: filo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Mirandese: filo"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "roa-opt",
            "2": "fio"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: fio\nGalician: fío\nPortuguese: fio",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: fio\nGalician: fío\nPortuguese: fio"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osp",
            "2": "filo"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Spanish: filo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Spanish: filo"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "es",
            "2": "filo",
            "3": "hilo"
          },
          "expansion": "Spanish: filo, hilo",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Spanish: filo, hilo (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Insular Romance:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sc",
            "2": "filu",
            "3": "fiu",
            "4": "ilu"
          },
          "expansion": "Sardinian: filu, fiu, ilu",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sardinian: filu, fiu, ilu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "VL.",
            "2": "filicella",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Vulgar Latin: filicella",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Vulgar Latin: filicella"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "ficelle"
          },
          "expansion": "French: ficelle",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: ficelle"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pms",
            "2": "filsela",
            "3": "fissela"
          },
          "expansion": "Piedmontese: filsela, fissela",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Piedmontese: filsela, fissela"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Borrowings:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "filum",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: filum",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: filum"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*fī(s)lom"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *fī(s)lom",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʷʰiH-(s-)lo-",
        "t": "sinew"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰiH-(s-)lo- (“sinew”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "gysla",
        "t": "vein; thread; nerve"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian gysla (“vein; thread; nerve”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*žìla",
        "t": "vein; sinew"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *žìla (“vein; sinew”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ջիլ",
        "t": "sinew"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian ջիլ (ǰil, “sinew”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ज्या",
        "t": "bowstring"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit ज्या (jyā, “bowstring”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "gïau",
        "t": "sinews"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh gïau (“sinews”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *fī(s)lom, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰiH-(s-)lo- (“sinew”). Cognate with Lithuanian gysla (“vein; thread; nerve”), Proto-Slavic *žìla (“vein; sinew”), Old Armenian ջիլ (ǰil, “sinew”), Sanskrit ज्या (jyā, “bowstring”), Welsh gïau (“sinews”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "fīlum",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fīlī",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fīlum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fīla",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fīlī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fīlōrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fīlō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fīlīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fīlum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fīla",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fīlō",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fīlīs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fīlum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fīla",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fīlum<2>"
      },
      "expansion": "fīlum n (genitive fīlī); second declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fīlum<2>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "thread, string, filament, fiber"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "thread",
          "thread"
        ],
        [
          "string",
          "string"
        ],
        [
          "filament",
          "filament"
        ],
        [
          "fiber",
          "fiber"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "texture, style, nature"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "texture",
          "texture"
        ],
        [
          "style",
          "style"
        ],
        [
          "nature",
          "nature"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "wick of a lamp"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wick",
          "wick"
        ],
        [
          "lamp",
          "lamp"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "mergulus"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-2"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfiː.lum/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈfiːɫ̪ʊ̃ˑ]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Latin"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfi.lum/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈfiːlum]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "filum"
}

Download raw JSONL data for filum meaning in Latin (8.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.