"fermo" meaning in All languages combined

See fermo on Wiktionary

Verb [Catalan]

IPA: [ˈfɛr.mu] [Central], [ˈfər.mo] [Balearic], [ˈfeɾ.mo] [Valencian]
Head templates: {{head|ca|verb form}} fermo
  1. first-person singular present indicative of fermar Tags: first-person, form-of, indicative, present, singular Form of: fermar
    Sense id: en-fermo-ca-verb-mh4-5UqN Categories (other): Catalan entries with incorrect language header

Adjective [Italian]

IPA: /ˈfer.mo/ Forms: ferma [feminine], fermi [masculine, plural], ferme [feminine, plural], fermissimo [superlative]
Rhymes: -ermo Etymology: From Latin firmus, from Proto-Italic *fermos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”), from the root *dʰer- (“to hold”). Etymology templates: {{inh|it|la|firmus}} Latin firmus, {{inh|it|itc-pro|*fermos}} Proto-Italic *fermos, {{inh|it|ine-pro||*dʰer-mo-s|holding}} Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”), {{m|ine-pro|*dʰer-||to hold}} *dʰer- (“to hold”) Head templates: {{it-adj|sup=fermissimo}} fermo (feminine ferma, masculine plural fermi, feminine plural ferme, superlative fermissimo)
  1. still
    Sense id: en-fermo-it-adj-lOhWbd~B
  2. firm
    Sense id: en-fermo-it-adj-P2JVBzHZ
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: fermamente, fermezza Related terms: fermare
Etymology number: 1

Noun [Italian]

IPA: /ˈfer.mo/ Forms: fermi [plural]
Rhymes: -ermo Etymology: From Latin firmus, from Proto-Italic *fermos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”), from the root *dʰer- (“to hold”). Etymology templates: {{inh|it|la|firmus}} Latin firmus, {{inh|it|itc-pro|*fermos}} Proto-Italic *fermos, {{inh|it|ine-pro||*dʰer-mo-s|holding}} Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”), {{m|ine-pro|*dʰer-||to hold}} *dʰer- (“to hold”) Head templates: {{it-noun|m}} fermo m (plural fermi)
  1. act of stopping or halting Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-fermo-it-noun-fZp~IV~o
  2. (finance) stop-payment order (an action to cancel the validity of a credit instrument, such a cheque/check) Tags: masculine Categories (topical): Finance
    Sense id: en-fermo-it-noun-N~LJVcOg Topics: business, finance
  3. (law) temporary detention Tags: masculine Categories (topical): Law
    Sense id: en-fermo-it-noun-QcSkKtHr Topics: law
  4. latch, catch, stopper, shut-off (device for holding, restraining, or turning off) Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-fermo-it-noun-nPbk19oh
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Verb [Italian]

Head templates: {{head|it|verb form}} fermo
  1. first-person singular present indicative of fermare Tags: first-person, form-of, indicative, present, singular Form of: fermare
    Sense id: en-fermo-it-verb-J5ejJtlE Categories (other): Italian entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Italian entries with incorrect language header: 0 14 3 16 5 24 37
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Noun [Romanian]

IPA: [ˈfermo]
Head templates: {{head|ro|noun form|g=f}} fermo f
  1. vocative singular of fermă Tags: feminine, form-of, singular, vocative Form of: fermă
    Sense id: en-fermo-ro-noun-L69KrjBI Categories (other): Romanian entries with incorrect language header

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for fermo meaning in All languages combined (6.2kB)

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ca",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "fermo",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Catalan",
  "lang_code": "ca",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "fermar"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "first-person singular present indicative of fermar"
      ],
      "id": "en-fermo-ca-verb-mh4-5UqN",
      "links": [
        [
          "fermar",
          "fermar#Catalan"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈfɛr.mu]",
      "tags": [
        "Central"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈfər.mo]",
      "tags": [
        "Balearic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈfeɾ.mo]",
      "tags": [
        "Valencian"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "fermo"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "fermamente"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "fermezza"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "firmus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin firmus",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*fermos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *fermos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*dʰer-mo-s",
        "5": "holding"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*dʰer-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to hold"
      },
      "expansion": "*dʰer- (“to hold”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin firmus, from Proto-Italic *fermos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”), from the root *dʰer- (“to hold”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ferma",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fermi",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ferme",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fermissimo",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "sup": "fermissimo"
      },
      "expansion": "fermo (feminine ferma, masculine plural fermi, feminine plural ferme, superlative fermissimo)",
      "name": "it-adj"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "fér‧mo"
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "fermare"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "still"
      ],
      "id": "en-fermo-it-adj-lOhWbd~B",
      "links": [
        [
          "still",
          "still"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "firm"
      ],
      "id": "en-fermo-it-adj-P2JVBzHZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "firm",
          "firm"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfer.mo/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ermo"
    }
  ],
  "word": "fermo"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "firmus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin firmus",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*fermos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *fermos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*dʰer-mo-s",
        "5": "holding"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*dʰer-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to hold"
      },
      "expansion": "*dʰer- (“to hold”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin firmus, from Proto-Italic *fermos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”), from the root *dʰer- (“to hold”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "fermi",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "fermo m (plural fermi)",
      "name": "it-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "fér‧mo"
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "act of stopping or halting"
      ],
      "id": "en-fermo-it-noun-fZp~IV~o",
      "links": [
        [
          "act",
          "act"
        ],
        [
          "stop",
          "stop"
        ],
        [
          "halt",
          "halt"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "it",
          "name": "Finance",
          "orig": "it:Finance",
          "parents": [
            "Business",
            "Economics",
            "Society",
            "Social sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Sciences",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "stop-payment order (an action to cancel the validity of a credit instrument, such a cheque/check)"
      ],
      "id": "en-fermo-it-noun-N~LJVcOg",
      "links": [
        [
          "finance",
          "finance#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "stop-payment",
          "stop-payment"
        ],
        [
          "order",
          "order"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(finance) stop-payment order (an action to cancel the validity of a credit instrument, such a cheque/check)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "business",
        "finance"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "it",
          "name": "Law",
          "orig": "it:Law",
          "parents": [
            "Justice",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "judicial detention, remand (pre-trial detention of a suspect charged with a serious crime and thought to be a flight risk)",
          "text": "fermo giudiziario",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "temporary detention"
      ],
      "id": "en-fermo-it-noun-QcSkKtHr",
      "links": [
        [
          "law",
          "law#English"
        ],
        [
          "temporary",
          "temporary"
        ],
        [
          "detention",
          "detention"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(law) temporary detention"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "law"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "latch, catch, stopper, shut-off (device for holding, restraining, or turning off)"
      ],
      "id": "en-fermo-it-noun-nPbk19oh",
      "links": [
        [
          "latch",
          "latch"
        ],
        [
          "catch",
          "catch"
        ],
        [
          "stopper",
          "stopper"
        ],
        [
          "shut-off",
          "shut-off"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfer.mo/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ermo"
    }
  ],
  "word": "fermo"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "fermo",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 14 3 16 5 24 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "fermare"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "first-person singular present indicative of fermare"
      ],
      "id": "en-fermo-it-verb-J5ejJtlE",
      "links": [
        [
          "fermare",
          "fermare#Italian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "fermo"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "noun form",
        "g": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "fermo f",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Romanian",
  "lang_code": "ro",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "fermă"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "vocative singular of fermă"
      ],
      "id": "en-fermo-ro-noun-L69KrjBI",
      "links": [
        [
          "fermă",
          "fermă#Romanian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "form-of",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈfermo]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "fermo"
}
{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ca",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "fermo",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Catalan",
  "lang_code": "ca",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
        "Catalan non-lemma forms",
        "Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Catalan verb forms"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "fermar"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "first-person singular present indicative of fermar"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fermar",
          "fermar#Catalan"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈfɛr.mu]",
      "tags": [
        "Central"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈfər.mo]",
      "tags": [
        "Balearic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈfeɾ.mo]",
      "tags": [
        "Valencian"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "fermo"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Italian 2-syllable words",
    "Italian adjectives",
    "Italian countable nouns",
    "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Italian lemmas",
    "Italian masculine nouns",
    "Italian non-lemma forms",
    "Italian nouns",
    "Italian terms derived from Latin",
    "Italian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Italian terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Italian terms inherited from Latin",
    "Italian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Italian terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
    "Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Italian verb forms",
    "Rhymes:Italian/ermo",
    "Rhymes:Italian/ermo/2 syllables"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "fermamente"
    },
    {
      "word": "fermezza"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "firmus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin firmus",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*fermos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *fermos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*dʰer-mo-s",
        "5": "holding"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*dʰer-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to hold"
      },
      "expansion": "*dʰer- (“to hold”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin firmus, from Proto-Italic *fermos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”), from the root *dʰer- (“to hold”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ferma",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fermi",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ferme",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fermissimo",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "sup": "fermissimo"
      },
      "expansion": "fermo (feminine ferma, masculine plural fermi, feminine plural ferme, superlative fermissimo)",
      "name": "it-adj"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "fér‧mo"
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "fermare"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "still"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "still",
          "still"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "firm"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "firm",
          "firm"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfer.mo/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ermo"
    }
  ],
  "word": "fermo"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Italian 2-syllable words",
    "Italian adjectives",
    "Italian countable nouns",
    "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Italian lemmas",
    "Italian masculine nouns",
    "Italian non-lemma forms",
    "Italian nouns",
    "Italian terms derived from Latin",
    "Italian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Italian terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Italian terms inherited from Latin",
    "Italian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Italian terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
    "Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Italian verb forms",
    "Rhymes:Italian/ermo",
    "Rhymes:Italian/ermo/2 syllables"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "firmus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin firmus",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*fermos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *fermos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*dʰer-mo-s",
        "5": "holding"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*dʰer-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to hold"
      },
      "expansion": "*dʰer- (“to hold”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin firmus, from Proto-Italic *fermos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”), from the root *dʰer- (“to hold”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "fermi",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "fermo m (plural fermi)",
      "name": "it-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "fér‧mo"
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "act of stopping or halting"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "act",
          "act"
        ],
        [
          "stop",
          "stop"
        ],
        [
          "halt",
          "halt"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "it:Finance"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "stop-payment order (an action to cancel the validity of a credit instrument, such a cheque/check)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "finance",
          "finance#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "stop-payment",
          "stop-payment"
        ],
        [
          "order",
          "order"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(finance) stop-payment order (an action to cancel the validity of a credit instrument, such a cheque/check)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "business",
        "finance"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Italian terms with usage examples",
        "it:Law"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "judicial detention, remand (pre-trial detention of a suspect charged with a serious crime and thought to be a flight risk)",
          "text": "fermo giudiziario",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "temporary detention"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "law",
          "law#English"
        ],
        [
          "temporary",
          "temporary"
        ],
        [
          "detention",
          "detention"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(law) temporary detention"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "law"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "latch, catch, stopper, shut-off (device for holding, restraining, or turning off)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "latch",
          "latch"
        ],
        [
          "catch",
          "catch"
        ],
        [
          "stopper",
          "stopper"
        ],
        [
          "shut-off",
          "shut-off"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfer.mo/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ermo"
    }
  ],
  "word": "fermo"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Italian non-lemma forms",
    "Italian verb forms"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "fermo",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "fermare"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "first-person singular present indicative of fermare"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fermare",
          "fermare#Italian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "fermo"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "noun form",
        "g": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "fermo f",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Romanian",
  "lang_code": "ro",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Romanian non-lemma forms",
        "Romanian noun forms",
        "Romanian terms with IPA pronunciation"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "fermă"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "vocative singular of fermă"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fermă",
          "fermă#Romanian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "form-of",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈfermo]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "fermo"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.