"essai" meaning in All languages combined

See essai on Wiktionary

Noun [French]

IPA: /e.sɛ/, /ɛ.sɛ/, /e.sɛ/ Audio: Fr-essai.ogg Forms: essais [plural]
Etymology: Inherited from Middle French, from Old French essai, from Late Latin exagium (“weighing”), hence English assay (compare also Spanish ensayo), from Latin exigō; the original sense of "trial" (if the gold is good) drifted towards a general meaning of "attempt". The literary meaning is given by Michel de Montaigne's masterpiece. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|fr|frm|-|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Middle French, {{inh+|fr|frm|-}} Inherited from Middle French, {{inh|fr|fro|essai}} Old French essai, {{inh|fr|LL.|exagium||weighing}} Late Latin exagium (“weighing”), {{cog|es|ensayo}} Spanish ensayo, {{inh|fr|la|exigō}} Latin exigō Head templates: {{fr-noun|m}} essai m (plural essais)
  1. try, trial Tags: masculine Synonyms: tentative
    Sense id: en-essai-fr-noun-tXYlu1rN
  2. assay Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-essai-fr-noun-myFT32XH
  3. (rugby) try Tags: masculine Categories (topical): Rugby
    Sense id: en-essai-fr-noun-HiYs19EQ Categories (other): French entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of French entries with incorrect language header: 3 12 62 24 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 6 18 61 16 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 4 13 72 11 Topics: ball-games, games, hobbies, lifestyle, rugby, sports
  4. essay, composition of moderate length exploring a particular issue or subject Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-essai-fr-noun-OaFTfNYf
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: ballon d’essai, banc d’essai, coup d’essai, essai de pénalité, tube à essai Related terms: essayer

Noun [Old French]

Forms: essai oblique singular or [canonical, masculine], essais [oblique, plural], essais [nominative, singular], essai [nominative, plural]
Etymology: From Late Latin exagium, from Latin exigō. Etymology templates: {{inh|fro|LL.|exagium}} Late Latin exagium, {{inh|fro|la|exigō}} Latin exigō Head templates: {{fro-noun|m}} essai oblique singular, m (oblique plural essais, nominative singular essais, nominative plural essai)
  1. trial (task of considerable difficulty) Related terms: essaier
    Sense id: en-essai-fro-noun-TIgiZsOg Categories (other): Old French entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "ballon d’essai"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "banc d’essai"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "coup d’essai"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "essai de pénalité"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "tube à essai"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle French",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "essai"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French essai",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "exagium",
        "4": "",
        "5": "weighing"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin exagium (“weighing”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "ensayo"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish ensayo",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "exigō"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin exigō",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French, from Old French essai, from Late Latin exagium (“weighing”), hence English assay (compare also Spanish ensayo), from Latin exigō; the original sense of \"trial\" (if the gold is good) drifted towards a general meaning of \"attempt\". The literary meaning is given by Michel de Montaigne's masterpiece.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "essais",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "essai m (plural essais)",
      "name": "fr-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "essayer"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "He won after numerous tries.",
          "text": "Il a gagné après plusieurs essais.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "try, trial"
      ],
      "id": "en-essai-fr-noun-tXYlu1rN",
      "links": [
        [
          "try",
          "try"
        ],
        [
          "trial",
          "trial"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "tentative"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "assay"
      ],
      "id": "en-essai-fr-noun-myFT32XH",
      "links": [
        [
          "assay",
          "assay"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "fr",
          "name": "Rugby",
          "orig": "fr:Rugby",
          "parents": [
            "Ball games",
            "Sports",
            "Human activity",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 12 62 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 18 61 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 13 72 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "She's scored her second try of the match.",
          "text": "Elle a marqué son deuxième essai du match.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "try"
      ],
      "id": "en-essai-fr-noun-HiYs19EQ",
      "links": [
        [
          "rugby",
          "rugby"
        ],
        [
          "try",
          "try"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rugby) try"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "ball-games",
        "games",
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "rugby",
        "sports"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Un essai est un livre pour faire des livres; il ne peut passer pour bon qu'en raison du nombre de fétus d'ouvrages qu'il renferme. (Chateaubr., Essai Révol., t. 2, 1797)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "essay, composition of moderate length exploring a particular issue or subject"
      ],
      "id": "en-essai-fr-noun-OaFTfNYf",
      "links": [
        [
          "essay",
          "essay"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/e.sɛ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɛ.sɛ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/e.sɛ/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-essai.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/aa/Fr-essai.ogg/Fr-essai.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Fr-essai.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Michel de Montaigne"
  ],
  "word": "essai"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Anglo Norman: assai"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "assay",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: assay",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: assay"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "frm",
            "2": "essai"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle French: essai",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle French: essai"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "essai"
          },
          "expansion": "French: essai",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: essai"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "essay",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: essay",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: essay"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "exagium"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin exagium",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "exigō"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin exigō",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Late Latin exagium, from Latin exigō.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "essai oblique singular or",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "essais",
      "tags": [
        "oblique",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "essais",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "essai",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "essai oblique singular, m (oblique plural essais, nominative singular essais, nominative plural essai)",
      "name": "fro-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old French",
  "lang_code": "fro",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "trial (task of considerable difficulty)"
      ],
      "id": "en-essai-fro-noun-TIgiZsOg",
      "links": [
        [
          "trial",
          "trial"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "essaier"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "essai"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "French 2-syllable words",
    "French countable nouns",
    "French entries with incorrect language header",
    "French lemmas",
    "French masculine nouns",
    "French nouns",
    "French terms derived from Late Latin",
    "French terms derived from Latin",
    "French terms derived from Middle French",
    "French terms derived from Old French",
    "French terms inherited from Late Latin",
    "French terms inherited from Latin",
    "French terms inherited from Middle French",
    "French terms inherited from Old French",
    "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "ballon d’essai"
    },
    {
      "word": "banc d’essai"
    },
    {
      "word": "coup d’essai"
    },
    {
      "word": "essai de pénalité"
    },
    {
      "word": "tube à essai"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle French",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "essai"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French essai",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "exagium",
        "4": "",
        "5": "weighing"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin exagium (“weighing”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "ensayo"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish ensayo",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "exigō"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin exigō",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French, from Old French essai, from Late Latin exagium (“weighing”), hence English assay (compare also Spanish ensayo), from Latin exigō; the original sense of \"trial\" (if the gold is good) drifted towards a general meaning of \"attempt\". The literary meaning is given by Michel de Montaigne's masterpiece.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "essais",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "essai m (plural essais)",
      "name": "fr-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "essayer"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "French terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "He won after numerous tries.",
          "text": "Il a gagné après plusieurs essais.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "try, trial"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "try",
          "try"
        ],
        [
          "trial",
          "trial"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "tentative"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "assay"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "assay",
          "assay"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French terms with usage examples",
        "fr:Rugby"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "She's scored her second try of the match.",
          "text": "Elle a marqué son deuxième essai du match.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "try"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rugby",
          "rugby"
        ],
        [
          "try",
          "try"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rugby) try"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "ball-games",
        "games",
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "rugby",
        "sports"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Un essai est un livre pour faire des livres; il ne peut passer pour bon qu'en raison du nombre de fétus d'ouvrages qu'il renferme. (Chateaubr., Essai Révol., t. 2, 1797)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "essay, composition of moderate length exploring a particular issue or subject"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "essay",
          "essay"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/e.sɛ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɛ.sɛ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/e.sɛ/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-essai.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/aa/Fr-essai.ogg/Fr-essai.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Fr-essai.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Michel de Montaigne"
  ],
  "word": "essai"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Anglo Norman: assai"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "assay",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: assay",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: assay"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "frm",
            "2": "essai"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle French: essai",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle French: essai"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "essai"
          },
          "expansion": "French: essai",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: essai"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "essay",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: essay",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: essay"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "exagium"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin exagium",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "exigō"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin exigō",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Late Latin exagium, from Latin exigō.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "essai oblique singular or",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "essais",
      "tags": [
        "oblique",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "essais",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "essai",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "essai oblique singular, m (oblique plural essais, nominative singular essais, nominative plural essai)",
      "name": "fro-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old French",
  "lang_code": "fro",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "essaier"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old French lemmas",
        "Old French masculine nouns",
        "Old French nouns",
        "Old French terms derived from Late Latin",
        "Old French terms derived from Latin",
        "Old French terms inherited from Late Latin",
        "Old French terms inherited from Latin",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "trial (task of considerable difficulty)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "trial",
          "trial"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "essai"
}

Download raw JSONL data for essai meaning in All languages combined (5.5kB)

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
  "msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'essai oblique singular or', originally 'essai oblique singular or m'",
  "path": [
    "essai"
  ],
  "section": "Old French",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "essai",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
  "msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'essai oblique singular or', originally 'essai oblique singular or m'",
  "path": [
    "essai"
  ],
  "section": "Old French",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "essai",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
  "msg": "suspicious related form tags ['masculine', 'canonical']: 'essai oblique singular or' in 'essai oblique singular, m (oblique plural essais, nominative singular essais, nominative plural essai)'",
  "path": [
    "essai"
  ],
  "section": "Old French",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "essai",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.